View clinical trials related to Neonatal Sepsis.
Filter by:The investigators aim is to investigate whether adjuvant Pentoxifylline , IgM enriched IVIG or Pentoxifylline plus IgM-enriched IVIG reduced mortality from Neonatal sepsis.
Bacterial infections are a major cause of death in newborn infants. And are linked to complications including: sepsis (an over exaggerated immune response to infection) and necrotising enterocolitis (a potentially fatal inflammatory bowel disease). Detecting infections at an early stage is difficult in newborns as the signs and symptoms can be non-specific, the most commonly used lab test is to culture a sample of blood, urine or spinal fluid to try and grow and identify any bacteria that is present; however these tests take 24-48 hours to give results, and this means that neonates who present with signs of infection are prescribed broad spectrum antibiotics whilst results are obtained. The lack of a test that can detect infection at an early stage and give rapid results is one of the major problems in the diagnosis and management of infection in newborns. This study will investigate neutrophils, which are white blood cells that are important in fighting infection. When neutrophils detect and infection they become activated, and produce a protein called CD64 (a cell marker) on their surface, and it is this protein that we want to measure. Neutrophils produce the CD64 protein within 1 hour of first detecting an infection, so we could hopefully detect and treat infections much quicker. The hypothesis this study will test are: 1. Does neutrophil membrane CD64 measurement provide a highly sensitive and specific marker of infection in neonates AND: 2. Does neutrophil membrane CD64 measurement provide a highly sensitive and specific marker of NEC in neonates
The purpose of this study is to examine if single skin cleansing with 0.25% chlorhexidine affects skin condition, temperature, and bacterial colonization in stable preterm (28-36 weeks gestational age) low birth weight (1001-2000 g) infants admitted in a health facility.
Acyclovir is a drug used to treat herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections in babies. Appropriate dosing of acyclovir is known for adults and children but acyclovir has not been adequately studied in full-term or premature neonates. HSV is a very serious infection in babies <6 months of age and often results in death or profound mental retardation. HSV leads to profound mental retardation in young infants because the virus attacks the central nervous system. The investigators hypothesize that the currently recommended dose of acyclovir is inadequate to produce adequate blood levels to combat herpes simplex infection. The investigators propose to study acyclovir levels in the blood of babies who are placed on acyclovir to treat a suspected HSV infection. This will allow them to determine the appropriate dose in premature infants. This is an unmet public health need because it is likely that the drug behaves differently in premature infants than it does in term infants and older children. Premature babies have more body water and less body tissue. Their kidneys are more immature and do not function as well as full term infants. Premature neonates are also at the greatest risk from herpes infection because they have poorly functioning immature immune systems. Early and appropriate treatment with acyclovir has resulted in improved outcome in term infants.
The purpose of the study is to characterize innate immune function of premature infants, and identify defects that may be responsible for the development of bacterial sepsis.
In the proposed study, the investigators plan to establish the burden of early onset (EO) neonatal sepsis in the newborn population born at Maela Refugee Camp over a two year period. Aims 1. Define the contribution of Group B streptococcus(GBS) to this problem by establishing: - The prevalence of maternal GBS carriage - The prevalence of culture positive and culture negative EO GBS sepsis - The perinatal risk factors for EO GBS cases 2. Through these data assess the potential for intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis using different strategies for reducing the burden of neonatal sepsis in this setting 3. To define the serotypes and antibiotic susceptibility profile of carried and invasive GBS strains 4. To evaluate the prevalence of serum antibodies to common GBS capsular serotypes in pregnant women in this population, the influence of carriage on serotype (ST)-specific antibody and the ST-specific antibody concentrations in the mothers of cases of confirmed and clinical GBS disease.
The Haptoglobin (Hp) gene locus at chromosome 16q22 is polymorphic with two alleles denoted 1 and 2 .The gene product exists in three phenotypes: 1-1, 2-1, and 2-2. The Haptoglobin 2 allele is found only in man and is believed to have arisen from the Haptoglobin 1 allele by a partial intragenic duplication. Haptoglobin 2 allele frequency is higher than the Haptoglobin 1 allele. It has been hypothesized that the Haptoglobin 2 allele was spread in man due to its selective advantage against life-threatening infections. In vitro, only the Haptoglobin 2 allele protein, binds to the streptococcus T antigen, resulting in its aggregation and slowing its growth . Individuals homozygous for the Haptoglobin 1 allele (1-1 genotype) are more prone to the streptococcal infection than individuals with the Haptoglobin 2 allele(2-1 or 2-2 genotype). The investigators wish to explore the linkage between Hp phenotype and sepsis in pre-term neonates, considering that in this early stage in life, genetic properties which provide a defense against infectious agents will be of heightened importance.