View clinical trials related to Necrotizing Enterocolitis.
Filter by:Probiotics is given routinely to infants admitted to the department of neonatology during the first 3 days of life with gestational age less than 30 weeks since March 2010. The incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis Bell stage II and III will be assessed blindly from clinical records. It is hypothesised that the incidence of NEC will decrease. Infants admitted from 1 March 2010 to 28 February 2013 will be compared to infants admitted 1 Dec 2007 to 30 Nov 2009 will be compared.
Mortality and incidence of severe complications is still high among extremely premature infants. Common causes of severe complications in this population are poor nutrition, necrotizing enterocolitis, and severe infections. Feeding intolerance is also a common problem resulting in prolonged need for intravenous lines and poor nutrition. The aim of the study is to evaluate whether supplementation with the probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 daily to premature infants with extremely low birth weight increases feeding tolerance to breast milk and thereby improves nutrition, increases growth and reduces serious complications and mortality in this population. Beyond this, possible mechanisms underlying these effects will be analyzed in stool, breast milk and blood samples.
Probiotics are favorable microorganisms that regulate the flora of the gastrointestinal system and stimulate the immune system. Necrotizing enterocolitis incidence is 10-25% in newborn infants whose birth weights are < 1500 g. Although bifidobacterium and other lactobacilli spp. have been used to reduce the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis in clinical trials, Lactobacillus reuteri has not been used in the prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants yet. The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of orally administered Lactobacillus reuteri in reducing the incidence and severity of necrotizing enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants.
With preterm birth, the ingestion of amniotic fluid containing enterocyte trophic factors ceases abruptly. This likely predisposes them to villous atrophy feeding intolerance and necrotizing enterocolitis(NEC) once feedings are instituted.Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) and Erythropoietin (EPO) have important non-hematopoietic roles in human developmental biology. Among these roles, they have trophic actions on villous height and bowel length of the developing intestine.The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of enteral recombinant human G-CSF and recombinant human EPO in prevention of feeding intolerance and /or NEC in preterm infants.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether oral probiotic supplementation could reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections in preterm infants.
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and intestinal perforation are common in premature infants. Often surgery is needed to remove the dead bowel and create an ostomy (a temporary intestinal opening on the infant's abdomen). Infants with ostomies cannot digest and absorb food well, and must receive nutrition through the blood stream, i.e. parental nutrition (PN). However, prolonged dependence on PN can severely damage the liver and gut. Therefore, giving nutrition through the gut, i.e. enteral nutrition, is the primary treatment for infants with ostomies. Enteral fats, especially polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), are most beneficial in stimulating gut mucosal adaptation, which begins 24 to 48 hours following bowel resection. In addition, the premature intestine has a rapid growth rate. It is likely that the current clinical practice of giving a relatively low-fat diet to infants with ostomies may not meet their high metabolic needs. The investigators hypothesize that increasing dietary fat content by early supplementation with MicroLipid® (ML, n-6 PUFA) and fish oil (FO, n-3 PUFA) to preserve the proper balance of n-6 and n-3 PUFA, may (i) improve bowel adaptation and infant growth; (ii) reduce the use of PN; and (iii) prevent liver damage and/or cholestasis (jaundice) in infants with ostomies.
Yearly in the United States over 500,000 newborns are delivered prematurely. This population is at high risk of catastrophic bowel disease known as necrotizing enterocolitis. Infants with necrotizing enterocolitis are at high risk of death, and survivors are at increased risk of mental retardation. Metronidazole is an antibiotic that is often administered to infants with suspected or confirmed necrotizing enterocolitis. Unfortunately, the appropriate dose of metronidazole in premature infants has not been established and it is likely to be different from older children and adults. The investigators will investigate the appropriate metronidazole dose in very premature infants by: 1) determining how premature infants eliminate metronidazole from the body and 2) determining the safest and most effective dose of metronidazole in premature infants. The investigators hypothesis are: 1) The rate of removal of metronidazole will increase with infant maturity and 2) an appropriate metronidazole dosing regimen will result in necessary drug levels to treat bacteria involved in necrotizing enterocolitis.
Prematurely born infants with ductal-dependent congenital heart disease (CHD) are at increased risk to develop necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Abnormal left to right blood flow through a patent ductus arteriosus can cause intestinal ischemia and compromise the gastrointestinal tract as a barrier to infection. In some infants, bacterial translocation leads to NEC which may result in death, intestinal perforation, cholestasis and, at the very least, feeding problems. Predicting which infants with CHD will develop NEC will potentially decrease the severity of disease if interventions were started earlier. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) allows determination of regional oxygen saturation levels in tissues such as brain, kidney, and as recently reported, intestine. This study will test whether or not decreasing intestinal oxygen saturations can predict the development of NEC in this at risk population before the symptoms become severe. NIRS probes will be placed on the forehead, flank and abdomen of eligible infants and regional oxygen saturations will be recorded prospectively and continuously with the clinical care team blinded to the data. The development of NEC and significant feeding problems will then be correlated with the regional oxygen saturations to determine whether decreased intestinal oxygen saturations predicted early signs and symptoms of NEC. We anticipate generating pilot data in 30 infants who meet inclusion criteria. Support of this research will be provided partially by Somanetics, the manufacturer of the INVOS regional oxygen saturation monitors. They will, however, have no control over the data generated by this study.
The investigators will collect daily faecal samples from premature (<32 weeks) infants in the intensive care unit from the day of birth until they are discharged. By using newly developed molecular detection techniques the investigators aim to define more precisely than has ever previously been attempted, all the species of bacteria present in the faeces. This will enable comparison of the pre-morbid and post-morbid intestinal microbiota (all the bacteria in the gut) in premature neonates.
The purpose of this study was to see if a brief delay in cord clamping for 30 to 45 seconds would result in higher hematocrit levels, fewer transfusions, healthier lungs, and better motor function at 40 wks and 7 months of age.