Effect of Mepolizumab in Severe Bilateral Nasal Polyps

Nasal Polyps Clinical Trial

Official title:

A Randomised, Double-blind, Parallel Group PhIII Study to Assess the Clinical Efficacy and Safety of 100 mg SC Mepolizumab as an Add on to Maintenance Treatment in Adults With Severe Bilateral Nasal Polyps - SYNAPSE (StudY in NAsal Polyps Patients to Assess the Safety and Efficacy of Mepolizumab)

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT03085797
• Other study ID #: 205687
• Secondary ID: 2016-004255-70
• Status: Completed
• Phase: Phase 3
• Start date: May 25, 2017
• Est. completion date: December 11, 2019

Study information

• Verified date: August 2021
• Source: GlaxoSmithKline
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

Nasal polyps (NP) has long been known as chronic inflammatory disease of the nasal mucosa. This disease is characterized by the presence of polyps in the upper nasal cavity, originating from within the ostiomeatal complex. The presence of polyps can cause long-term symptoms such as prominent nasal obstruction, post-nasal drip, loss of smell, and discharge.

Mepolizumab (SB240563) is an Immunoglobulin G 1 [IgG1], kappa humanized monoclonal antibody (mAB) that blocks human interleukin-5 (hIL-5) from binding to the interleukin-5 (IL-5) receptor complex expressed on the eosinophil cell surface and thus inhibits signaling. Neutralization of IL-5 with mepolizumab has been shown to reduce blood, sputum and tissue eosinophils and hence is assumed to be a treatment option in a number of eosinophilic diseases including NP.

The aim of this randomized, double-blind, parallel group, phase 3 (PhIII) study is to assess the clinical efficacy and safety of 100 milligram (mg) subcutaneous (SC) mepolizumab as an add on to maintenance treatment in adults with severe bilateral NP. The study will include a 4-week run in period followed by randomization to a 52-week treatment period. Participants will receive mepolizumab 100 mg or placebo SC by the investigator or delegate via a pre-filled safety syringe every 4 weeks for 52 weeks. Throughout the entire study period (run in + treatment period + follow up), participants will receive a standard of care (SoC) for NP which consists of daily mometasone furorate (MF) nasal spray, and if required, saline nasal douching, occasional short courses of high dose oral corticosteroids (OCS) and/or antibiotics. The treatment period will consist of thirteen, 4-weekly doses of mepolizumab or placebo. In addition, up to the first 200 randomized participants will be followed up every other month for up to a further 6 months after the Visit 15 (7 months post last dose) in order to assess maintenance of response and to validate a physiological model derived from the previous Phase 2 study. Approximately 400 participants will be randomized (200 participants per treatment arm) in to the study. Total duration of the study will be 76 weeks for first 200 randomized participants and 52 weeks for remainder of participants who are not participating in the 6 months no treatment follow up.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 414
• Est. completion date: December 11, 2019
• Est. primary completion date: December 11, 2019
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years and older

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria

• 18 years of age and older inclusive, at the time of signing the informed consent.

• Body weight greater or equal to 40 kilogram (kg).

• Male or female participants (with appropriate contraceptive methods) to be eligible for entry into the study. To be eligible for entry into the study, woman of childbearing potential (WOCBP) must commit to consistent and correct use of an acceptable method of birth control from the time of consent, for the duration of the trial, and for 105 days after last study drug administration.

• Participants who have had at least one previous surgery in the previous 10 years for the removal of NP. NP Surgery is defined as any procedure involving instruments with resulting incision (cutting open) and removal of polyp tissue from the nasal cavity (polypectomy). For the purpose of inclusion into this study, any procedure involving instrumentation in the nasal cavity resulting in dilatation of the nasal passage such as balloon sinuplasty, insertion of coated stents or direct injection of steroids or other medication without any removal of NP tissue is not accepted.

• Participants with bilateral NP as diagnosed by endoscopy or computed tomography (CT) scan.

• Presence of at least two of the following symptoms one of which should be either nasal blockage/obstruction/congestion or nasal discharge (anterior/posterior nasal drip) and either nasal discharge (anterior/posterior nasal drip); facial pain/pressure; reduction or loss of smell for at least 12 weeks prior to screening.

• Participants with severe NP symptoms defined as an obstruction VAS symptom score of >5.

• Severity consistent with a need for surgery as described by:

1. Participants with an overall VAS symptom score >7,

2. Participants with an endoscopic bilateral NP score of at least 5 out of a maximum score of 8 (with a minimum score of 2 in each nasal cavity).

• Treatment with intranasal corticosteroids (INCS) for at least 8 weeks prior to screening.

• Capable of giving signed informed consent Exclusion Criteria

• As a result of medical interview, physical examination, or screening investigation, the physician responsible considers the participant unfit for the study.

• Cystic fibrosis

• Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (also known as churg strauss syndrome), young's, kartagener's or dyskinetic ciliary syndromes.

• Antrochoanal polyps

• Nasal septal deviation occluding one nostril

• Acute sinusitis or upper respiratory track infection (URTI) at screening or in 2 weeks prior to screening

• Ongoing rhinitis medicamentosa (rebound or chemical induced rhinitis)

• Participants who have had an asthma exacerbation requiring admission to hospital within 4 weeks of Screening.

• Participants who have undergone any intranasal and/or sinus surgery (for example polypectomy, balloon dilatation or nasal stent insertion) within 6 months prior Visit 1.

• Participants where NP surgery is contraindicated in the opinion of the Investigator.

• Participants with a known medical history of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.

• Participants with a known, pre-existing parasitic infestation within 6 months prior to Visit 1.

• Participants who are currently receiving, or have received within 3 months (or 5 half lives - whatever is the longest) prior to first mepolizumab dose, chemotherapy, radiotherapy or investigational medications/therapies.

• Participants with a history of sensitivity to any of the study medications, or components thereof or a history of drug or other allergy that, in the opinion of the investigator or GSK medical monitor, contraindicates their participation. Aspirin-sensitive participants are acceptable.

• Participants with a history of allergic reaction to anti-IL-5 or other monoclonal antibody therapy.

• Participants on a waiting list for NP surgery while at screening

• Participants that have taken part in previous mepolizumab, reslizumab, dupilumab or benralizumab studies.

• Use of systemic corticosteroids (including oral corticosteroids) or corticosteroid nasal solution (intranasal corticosteroid is accepted) within 4 weeks prior to Screening or planned use of such medications during the double-blind period.

• INCS dose changes within 1 month prior to screening.

• Treatments with biological or immunosuppressive treatment (other than omalizumab) treatment within 5 terminal phase half lives of Visit 1.

• Omalizumab treatment in the 130 days prior to Visit 1.

• Commencement of leukotriene antagonist treatment less than 30 days prior to Visit 1.

• Allergen immunotherapy within the previous 3 months.

• Women who are pregnant or lactating or are planning on becoming pregnant during the study.

• Participants who currently smoke or have smoked in the last 6 months.

• Any participant who is considered unlikely to survive the duration of the study period or has any rapidly progressing disease or immediate life-threatening illness (e.g. cancer). In addition, any participant who has any other condition (e.g. neurological condition) that is likely to affect respiratory function should not be included in the study.

• Participants who have known, pre-existing, clinically significant endocrine, autoimmune, cardiovascular, metabolic, neurological, renal, gastrointestinal, hepatic, hematological or any other system abnormalities that are uncontrolled with standard treatment.

• Immunocompromized, other than that explained by the use of corticosteroids taken as therapy.

• A current malignancy or previous history of cancer in remission for less than 12 months prior to Screening. Participants with successfully treated basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, or cervical carcinoma in situ, with no evidence of recurrence may participate in the study.

• Current active liver or biliary disease (with the exception of gilbert's syndrome or asymptomatic gallstones or otherwise stable chronic liver disease per investigator assessment).

• Corrected QT interval (QTc) >450 milliseconds (msec) or QTc >480 msec in participants with bundle branch block at visit 1.

• A known or suspected history of alcohol or drug abuse within 2 years prior to Screening (Visit 1) that in the opinion of the investigator would prevent the participant from completing the study procedures.

• An investigator, sub-investigator, study coordinator, employee of a participating investigator or study site, or immediate family member of the aforementioned that is involved in this study.

• In the opinion of the investigator, any participant who is unable to read and/or would not be able to complete a questionnaire.

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Nasal Polyps
• Polyps

Intervention

Drug:
• Mepolizumab
Mepolizumab injection 100 mg/millilitre (mL) is a clear to opalescent, colorless to pale yellow to pale brown sterile solution for SC injection in a single-use, safety syringe.
• Placebo
Placebo is a clear to opalescent, colorless sterile solution for SC injection in a single-use, safety syringe.
• Mometasone furoate
All participants will receive mometasone furoate usually 400 micrograms (mcg), 2 actuations (50 mcg/actuation) in each nostril twice daily. Intolerant participants will use 200g (2 actuations [50 g/actuation] in each nostril once daily).

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Argentina	GSK Investigational Site	Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires	Buenos Aires
Argentina	GSK Investigational Site	Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires
Argentina	GSK Investigational Site	Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires
Argentina	GSK Investigational Site	Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires
Argentina	GSK Investigational Site	Florida	Buenos Aires
Argentina	GSK Investigational Site	La Plata	Buenos Aires
Argentina	GSK Investigational Site	Mar del Plata	Buenos Aires
Argentina	GSK Investigational Site	Mendoza
Argentina	GSK Investigational Site	Mendoza
Argentina	GSK Investigational Site	Rosario	Santa Fe
Argentina	GSK Investigational Site	San Miguel de Tucumán
Australia	GSK Investigational Site	Clayton	Victoria
Australia	GSK Investigational Site	Darlinghurst	New South Wales
Australia	GSK Investigational Site	Melbourne	Victoria
Australia	GSK Investigational Site	Murdoch	Western Australia
Australia	GSK Investigational Site	Westmead	New South Wales
Canada	GSK Investigational Site	Hamilton	Ontario
Canada	GSK Investigational Site	London	Ontario
Canada	GSK Investigational Site	Montreal	Quebec
Canada	GSK Investigational Site	Montreal	Quebec
Canada	GSK Investigational Site	Ottawa	Ontario
Canada	GSK Investigational Site	Québec
Canada	GSK Investigational Site	Saskatoon	Saskatchewan
Canada	GSK Investigational Site	Vancouver	British Columbia
Germany	GSK Investigational Site	Berlin
Germany	GSK Investigational Site	Dresden	Sachsen
Germany	GSK Investigational Site	Dresden	Sachsen
Germany	GSK Investigational Site	Duesseldorf	Nordrhein-Westfalen
Germany	GSK Investigational Site	Luebeck	Schleswig-Holstein
Germany	GSK Investigational Site	Muenchen	Bayern
Germany	GSK Investigational Site	Muenchen	Bayern
Germany	GSK Investigational Site	Muenster	Nordrhein-Westfalen
Germany	GSK Investigational Site	Tuebingen	Baden-Wuerttemberg
Germany	GSK Investigational Site	Wiesbaden	Hessen
Korea, Republic of	GSK Investigational Site	Incheon
Korea, Republic of	GSK Investigational Site	Seongnam-si Gyeonggi-do
Korea, Republic of	GSK Investigational Site	Seoul
Korea, Republic of	GSK Investigational Site	Seoul
Korea, Republic of	GSK Investigational Site	Seoul
Netherlands	GSK Investigational Site	Amsterdam
Romania	GSK Investigational Site	Brasov
Romania	GSK Investigational Site	Brasov
Romania	GSK Investigational Site	Bucuresti
Romania	GSK Investigational Site	Cluj Napoca
Romania	GSK Investigational Site	Targu Mures
Russian Federation	GSK Investigational Site	Moscow
Russian Federation	GSK Investigational Site	Moscow
Russian Federation	GSK Investigational Site	Moscow
Russian Federation	GSK Investigational Site	Moscow
Russian Federation	GSK Investigational Site	Moscow
Russian Federation	GSK Investigational Site	Saint-Peterburgh
Russian Federation	GSK Investigational Site	Saint-Petersburg
Russian Federation	GSK Investigational Site	St. Petersburg
Russian Federation	GSK Investigational Site	Yaroslavl
Sweden	GSK Investigational Site	Göteborg
Sweden	GSK Investigational Site	Helsingborg
Sweden	GSK Investigational Site	Lund
Sweden	GSK Investigational Site	Stockholm
Sweden	GSK Investigational Site	Stockholm
United Kingdom	GSK Investigational Site	Darlington	Durham
United Kingdom	GSK Investigational Site	Liverpool	Merseyside
United Kingdom	GSK Investigational Site	London
United Kingdom	GSK Investigational Site	London
United Kingdom	GSK Investigational Site	London
United Kingdom	GSK Investigational Site	Manchester
United Kingdom	GSK Investigational Site	Newcastle upon Tyne
United Kingdom	GSK Investigational Site	Rotherham
United States	GSK Investigational Site	Bethlehem	Pennsylvania
United States	GSK Investigational Site	Birmingham	Alabama
United States	GSK Investigational Site	Boise	Idaho
United States	GSK Investigational Site	Charleston	South Carolina
United States	GSK Investigational Site	Chicago	Illinois
United States	GSK Investigational Site	Colorado Springs	Colorado
United States	GSK Investigational Site	Columbia	Missouri
United States	GSK Investigational Site	Dallas	Texas
United States	GSK Investigational Site	Des Moines	Iowa
United States	GSK Investigational Site	Lake Mary	Florida
United States	GSK Investigational Site	Louisville	Kentucky
United States	GSK Investigational Site	Lynchburg	Virginia
United States	GSK Investigational Site	Marrero	Louisiana
United States	GSK Investigational Site	Matthews	North Carolina
United States	GSK Investigational Site	McKinney	Texas
United States	GSK Investigational Site	Medford	Oregon
United States	GSK Investigational Site	New York	New York
United States	GSK Investigational Site	Norfolk	Virginia
United States	GSK Investigational Site	North Logan	Utah
United States	GSK Investigational Site	Oklahoma City	Oklahoma
United States	GSK Investigational Site	Orangeburg	South Carolina
United States	GSK Investigational Site	Piscataway	New Jersey
United States	GSK Investigational Site	Pittsburgh	Pennsylvania
United States	GSK Investigational Site	Raleigh	North Carolina
United States	GSK Investigational Site	Richmond	Virginia
United States	GSK Investigational Site	Riverside	California
United States	GSK Investigational Site	Roseville	California
United States	GSK Investigational Site	Saint Louis	Missouri
United States	GSK Investigational Site	Salt Lake City	Utah
United States	GSK Investigational Site	San Antonio	Texas
United States	GSK Investigational Site	San Diego	California
United States	GSK Investigational Site	West Des Moines	Iowa
United States	GSK Investigational Site	White Marsh	Maryland
United States	GSK Investigational Site	Winston-Salem	North Carolina

Sponsors (3)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
GlaxoSmithKline	Bristol-Myers Squibb, CRF health

Countries where clinical trial is conducted

United States,  Argentina,  Australia,  Canada,  Germany,  Korea, Republic of,  Netherlands,  Romania,  Russian Federation,  Sweden,  United Kingdom, 

References & Publications (1)

Han JK, Bachert C, Fokkens W, Desrosiers M, Wagenmann M, Lee SE, Smith SG, Martin N, Mayer B, Yancey SW, Sousa AR, Chan R, Hopkins C; SYNAPSE study investigators. Mepolizumab for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (SYNAPSE): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet Respir Med. 2021 Apr 16. pii: S2213-2600(21)00097-7. doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(21)00097-7. [Epub ahead of print] — View Citation

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Change From Baseline in Total Endoscopic Nasal Polyps Score at Week 52	Independent reviewers, blinded to treatment, reviewed image recordings of nasal endoscopies to determine total endoscopic NP score based on NP size. The right and left nostrils were scored from 0 to 4 (0 = No polyps; 1 = Small polyps in the middle meatus not reaching below the inferior border of the middle concha; 2 = Polyps reaching below the lower border of the middle turbinate; 3 = Large polyps reaching the lower border of the inferior turbinate or polyps medial to the middle concha; and 4 = Large polyps causing complete obstruction/congestion of the inferior meatus). The total score is the sum of the right and left nostril scores and ranges from 0 to 8, higher scores indicate greater disease severity. Data up to Week 52, including from participants who remained in the study after early discontinuation from IP, were included in analysis. Baseline was defined as Day 1 value. Change from Baseline = Post-baseline value minus Baseline value.	Baseline (Day 1) and Week 52
Primary	Change From Baseline in Nasal Obstruction Visual Analog Scale (VAS) Score During the 4 Weeks Prior to Week 52	Participants rated individual (nasal obstruction, nasal discharge, mucus in the throat, loss of smell, facial pain) and overall symptoms on a visual analog scale (VAS) using an electronic diary (eDiary). Captured scores ranged between 0 (none) and 100 (as bad as you can imagine), final scores derived from the electronically captured scores by dividing by 10. The final nasal obstruction VAS score ranged between 0 and 10, with higher scores indicating greater disease severity. Data up to Week 52, including from participants who remained in the study after early discontinuation from IP, were included in analysis. The average of daily scores in 4-weekly intervals were calculated and data is presented for Weeks 49-52. Baseline was defined as the average score from the 7 days of eDiary data collected prior to Day 1. Change from Baseline = Post-baseline value minus Baseline value.	Baseline and Weeks 49 to 52
Secondary	Percentage of Participants With Nasal Surgery Over Time	The percentage of participants with nasal surgery over time (by Weeks 8, 16, 24, 32, 40, 48 and 52) was derived from Kaplan-Meier time-to-event analyses for the event 'first nasal surgery'. Nasal surgery was defined as any procedure involving instruments resulting in incision and removal of tissue (polypectomy) in the nasal cavity. Time to first nasal surgery was defined as (Date of first nasal surgery - Date of first dose of study treatment) + 1. Percentage of participants with nasal surgery over time (by Weeks 8, 16, 24, 32, 40, 48 and 52) and corresponding 95% CI have been presented, calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Analysis included surgeries occurring up to Week 52, reported on-treatment and those reported after early discontinuation from IP by participants who remained in the study.	Weeks 8, 16, 24, 32, 40, 48 and 52
Secondary	Change From Baseline in Overall VAS Score During the 4 Weeks Prior to Week 52	Participants rated individual (nasal obstruction, nasal discharge, mucus in the throat, loss of smell, facial pain) and overall symptoms on a visual analog scale using an eDiary. Captured scores ranged between 0 (none) and 100 (as bad as you can imagine), final scores derived from the electronically captured scores by dividing by 10. The final overall VAS score ranged between 0 and 10, with higher scores indicating greater disease severity. Data up to Week 52, including from participants who remained in the study after early discontinuation from IP, were included in analysis. The average of daily scores in 4-weekly intervals were calculated and data is presented for Weeks 49-52. Baseline was defined as the average score from the 7 days of eDiary data collected prior to Day 1. Change from Baseline = Post-baseline value minus Baseline value.	Baseline and Weeks 49 to 52
Secondary	Change From Baseline in Sino-nasal Outcome Test (SNOT)-22 Total Score at Week 52	The SNOT-22 is a 22-item self-reported questionnaire developed to measure symptoms and impacts related to chronic rhinosinusitis. The 22 questions are self-completed by participants based on their recall of their symptoms over the previous 2 weeks using a 6-point rating scale (0 = Not present/no problem; 1 = Very mild problem; 2 = Mild or slight problem; 3 = Moderate problem; 4 = Severe problem; 5 = Problem as "bad as it can be"). Scores for each question are summed to derive the total score. The SNOT-22 total score ranges from 0 to 110, with higher scores representing worse quality of life. Data up to Week 52, including from participants who remained in the study after early discontinuation from IP, were included in analysis. Baseline was defined as Day 1 value. Change from Baseline = Post-baseline value minus Baseline value.	Baseline (Day 1) and Week 52
Secondary	Percentage of Participants Requiring at Least One Course of Systemic Steroids for Nasal Polyps up to Week 52	The number of courses of systemic steroids received by participants were recorded. For the purpose of this study, a course of systemic corticosteroid separated by less than 7 days was considered as a continuation of the same course. Percentage of participants requiring at least one course of systemic steroids for nasal polyps up to Week 52 is presented. Data up to Week 52, including from participants who remained in the study after early discontinuation from IP, were included in analysis.	Up to Week 52
Secondary	Change From Baseline in the Composite VAS Score (Combining VAS Scores for Nasal Obstruction, Nasal Discharge, Mucus in the Throat and Loss of Smell) During the 4 Weeks Prior to Week 52	Participants rated individual (nasal obstruction, nasal discharge, mucus in the throat, loss of smell, facial pain) and overall symptoms on a visual analog scale using an eDiary. Captured scores ranged between 0 (none) and 100 (as bad as you can imagine), final scores derived from electronically captured scores by dividing by 10. The composite VAS score was calculated as average of individual scores of nasal obstruction, nasal discharge, mucus in the throat and loss of smell and ranged between 0 and 10, with higher scores indicating greater disease severity. Data up to Week 52, including from participants who remained in the study after early discontinuation from IP, were included in analysis. The average of daily scores in 4-weekly intervals were calculated and data is presented for Weeks 49-52. Baseline was defined as the average score from the 7 days of eDiary data collected prior to Day 1. Change from Baseline = Post-baseline value minus Baseline value.	Baseline and Weeks 49 to 52
Secondary	Change From Baseline in Individual VAS Symptom Score: Loss of Smell During the 4 Weeks Prior to Week 52	Participants rated individual (nasal obstruction, nasal discharge, mucus in the throat, loss of smell, facial pain) and overall symptoms on a visual analog scale using an eDiary. Captured scores ranged between 0 (none) and 100 (as bad as you can imagine), final scores derived from the electronically captured scores by dividing by 10. The final loss of smell VAS score ranged between 0 and 10, with higher scores indicating greater disease severity. Data up to Week 52, including from participants who remained in the study after early discontinuation from IP, were included in analysis. The average of daily scores in 4-weekly intervals were calculated and data is presented for Weeks 49-52. Baseline was defined as the average score from the 7 days of eDiary data collected prior to Day 1. Change from Baseline = Post-baseline value minus Baseline value.	Baseline and Weeks 49 to 52