Eligibility |
Inclusion Criteria:
- Healthy male subjects 18-40 years old
- Recreationally trained (<1-year of training experience)
- Not currently consuming any ergogenic supplements or performance enhancing drugs
- Body mass index (BMI) 18-35 kg/m2
- No recent injuries that would contraindicate participation in a resistance training
program
- Willing and able to give written informed consent
- Able to read, understand, sign and date the informed consent document (English only)
- Able and willing to comply with the schedule visit(s) and study requirements.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Currently taking (within the past 30 days) ergogenic dietary supplements including,
creatine, protein, amino acids, or stimulants other than caffeine (yohimbe, ephedrine,
etc.)
- Currently taking performance enhancing drugs (testosterone or other
anabolic-androgenic steroids), human growth hormone, insulin, etc.
- History or current malignancy
- Receiving chemotherapy agents or radiation treatments
- Musculoskeletal disease (muscular dystrophy, arthritis, etc.)
- Recent (<3-months) musculoskeletal injuries
- BMI <18 or >5 kg/m2
- Diagnosis of a terminal illness
- Use of prescription medications that influence muscle anabolism (i.e., prescription
hormone therapies, etc.)
- History of alcohol abuse
- History or current drug abuse
- History or current cigarette smoke (including vaping) within the past 14 days from the
screening visit
- Insulin-dependent diabetes and/or metformin use
- Chronic kidney or liver disease
- Has significant concurrent illnesses (controlled or uncontrolled), such as diabetes,
lupus, epilepsy, or cardiac disorders, hepatitis B/C, HIV, serious mental health
illness such as dementia or schizophrenia; psychiatric hospitalization in the past two
years, or other, which in the opinion of the investigator, such conditions might be
aggravated as a result of treatment
- The investigator feels that for any reason the subject is not eligible to participate
in the study
- History of uncontrolled cardiovascular disease (i.e., myocardial infarction,
hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, peripheral vascular disease, other)
- Developmental disability or cognitive impairment that would preclude adequate
comprehension of the informed consent form and/or ability to follow study subject
requirement and/or record the necessary study measurements
- A family member of the investigator or an employee of the investigator
- Participation in any other investigational study within 30 days prior to consent.
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