Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation With Ixazomib for High Risk Multiple Myeloma (BMT CTN 1302)

Multiple Myeloma Clinical Trial

Official title:

Multicenter Phase II, Double-blind Placebo Controlled Trial of Maintenance Ixazomib After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for High Risk Multiple Myeloma (BMT CTN 1302)

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT02440464
• Other study ID #: BMT CTN 1302
• Secondary ID: U01HL069294-05
• Status: Completed
• Phase: Phase 2
• Start date: August 2015
• Est. completion date: October 1, 2020

Study information

• Verified date: December 2022
• Source: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

This study is designed to compare progression-free survival (PFS) from randomization among patients randomized on the BMT CTN 1302 protocol, "Multicenter Phase II, Double-blind Placebo Controlled Trial of Maintenance Ixazomib after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for High Risk Multiple Myeloma". It is hypothesized that Ixazomib maintenance therapy will result in improved PFS in patients with high-risk multiple myeloma following Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) compared to placebo.

Description:

The study is designed as a Phase II, multi-center double-blind trial that randomizes patients with high risk Multiple Myeloma to Ixazomib maintenance or placebo 60-120 days after allogeneic HSCT. The primary objective of this randomized trial is to compare progression free survival from randomization as a time to event endpoint between patients randomized to Ixazomib maintenance or placebo. Secondary objectives are to describe for each treatment arm: rates of grade II-IV and III-IV Graft-Versus-Host-Disease (GVHD), chronic GVHD, best disease response rates, disease progression, transplant related mortality, overall survival, rates of Grade ≥ 3 toxicity according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) Version 4.0, incidence of infections, and health-related quality of life.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 57
• Est. completion date: October 1, 2020
• Est. primary completion date: October 1, 2020
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years to 70 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Patients must meet one of the following disease criteria:

a. Patients with high risk multiple myeloma in partial response (PR) or better with no prior progression and are = 24.0 months after autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) (single or planned tandem), or are = 24.0 months after initiation of systemic anti-myeloma therapy for patients without prior autologous HCT; or

i. High risk is defined by the presence of any one of the following detected at any time prior to enrollment: deletion of chromosome 13 by conventional cytogenetics, hypodiploidy, abnormality in chromosome 1(1q amplification or 1p deletion), t(4;14), t(14;16), t(14;20) or deletion of 17p by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) or conventional karyotyping; high risk criteria based on commercially available gene expression profiling (GEP)

b. Patients with high risk multiple myeloma (see criterion 2.a.i. above) in very good partial response (VGPR) or better with 1 prior progression which occurred = 24.0 months after autologous HCT (single or planned tandem), or = 24.0 months after initiation of systemic anti-myeloma therapy for patients without prior autologous HCT; or

i. Patients with one prior progression without measurable monoclonal paraprotein at the time of disease progression or relapse (< 1.0 g/dl in serum or < 200 mg/24hrs in urine) may be considered to have met VGPR criteria if < 5% plasma cells in bone marrow and = 90% decrease in the difference between involved and uninvolved free light chain (FLC) levels from baseline (time of progression/relapse).

ii. In patients with immunoglobulin G (IgG) kappa multiple myeloma (MM) receiving daratumumab: International Myeloma Working Group criteria for VGPR may not be achieved since daratumumab is known to increase the IgG kappa spike. In such cases the FLC and marrow may be used to establish VGPR, as above, with prior approval from the protocol co-chairs.

c. Patients with standard risk multiple myeloma in VGPR or better (see criteria 2.b.i. and 2.b.ii. above) at the time of enrollment with 1 prior progression = 24.0 months from single or planned tandem autologous HCT; or d. Patients with primary plasma cell leukemia in VGPR or better with no prior disease progression and are = 18.0 months after autologous HCT, or are = 18.0 months after initiation of anti-myeloma therapy without prior autologous HCT.

2. Patients must have a related or unrelated peripheral blood stem cell donor that meet one of the following criteria:

1. A sibling donor who is a 6/6 match at HLA-A and -B (intermediate or higher resolution) and -DR Beta 1 (DRB1) (at high resolution using DNA-based typing) and must be willing to donate peripheral blood stem cells and meet institutional criteria for donation OR

2. A related donor (other than sibling) who is a 8/8 match for HLA-A, -B, -C (at intermediate or higher resolution) and -DRB1 (at high resolution using DNA-based typing) and must be willing to donate peripheral blood stem cells and meet institutional criteria for donation OR

3. An unrelated donor who is an 8/8 match at HLA-A, -B, -C, and -DRB1 (at high resolution using DNA-based typing) and must be willing to donate peripheral blood stem cells and meet institutional criteria for donation.

3. Cardiac function: Ejection fraction > 40%

4. Estimated creatinine clearance greater than 40 mL/minute (using the Cockcroft-Gault formula and actual body weight)

5. Pulmonary function: Diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) = 40% (adjusted for hemoglobin) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) = 50%

6. Liver function: total bilirubin < 2x the upper limit of normal and alanine aminotransferase (ALT)/aspartate aminotransferase (AST) < 2.5x the upper normal limit (Patients with Gilbert's Disease are permitted to exceed the defined bilirubin value of 2x the upper limit of normal, however measurements of direct bilirubin should be done to confirm this diagnosis).

7. Female subjects (unless postmenopausal for at least 1 year before the screening visit, or surgically sterilized), agree to practice two (2) effective methods of contraception at the same time, or agree to practice true abstinence when this is in line with the preferred and usual lifestyle of the subject (Periodic abstinence [eg, calendar, ovulation, symptothermal, post-ovulation methods] and withdrawal are not acceptable methods of contraception) through 90 days after the last dose of maintenance therapy (see Section 2.6.2 for definition of postmenopausal).

8. Male subjects (even if surgically sterilized) must agree to one of the following:

practice effective barrier contraception (see Section 2.6.4.1 for list of barrier methods), or practice true abstinence when this is in line with the preferred and usual lifestyle of the subject. Periodic abstinence [eg, calendar, ovulation, symptothermal, post-ovulation methods] and withdrawal are not acceptable methods of from the time of signing the informed consent through 90 days after last dose of maintenance therapy.

9. Voluntary written consent must be given before performance of any study related procedure not part of standard medical care, with the understanding that consent may be withdrawn by the patient at any time without prejudice to future medical care.

10. Able to comply with the study visit schedule and other protocol requirements.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Karnofsky Performance Score < 70%

2. Prior allogeneic HCT

3. Patient with purely non-secretory multiple myeloma [absence of monoclonal protein (M protein) in serum as measured by electrophoresis and immunofixation and the absence of Bence Jones protein in the urine defined by the use of conventional electrophoresis and immunofixation techniques and the absence of involved serum free light chain > 100 mg/L].

4. Planned pre-emptive/prophylactic administration of donor lymphocytes (as per section 2.5.2)

5. Central Nervous System (CNS) involvement with multiple myeloma defined as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) positivity for plasma cells or a parenchymal CNS plasmacytoma

6. Patients with uncontrolled bacterial, viral or fungal infections (currently taking medication and with progression or no clinical improvement) at time of enrollment.

7. Presence of fluid collection (ascites, pleural, or pericardial effusion) that interferes with methotrexate clearance or makes methotrexate use contraindicated.

8. Patients seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

9. Patient with active Hepatitis B or C determined by serology and/or nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT).

10. Patients with hypersensitivity to bortezomib, boron or mannitol.

11. Known GI disease or GI procedure that could interfere with the oral absorption or tolerance of MLN9708 (ixazomib) including difficulty swallowing.

12. Known allergy to any of the study medications, their analogues, or excipients in the various formulations of any agent.

13. Patients with = grade 2 sensory peripheral neuropathy.

14. Myocardial infarction within 6 months prior to enrollment or New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class III or IV heart failure (see Appendix D), uncontrolled angina, severe uncontrolled ventricular arrhythmias, or electrocardiographic evidence of acute ischemia or active conduction system abnormalities. Prior to study entry, any ECG abnormality at screening must be documented by the investigator as not medically relevant.

15. Female patients who are lactating or pregnant

16. Prior malignancies except resected basal cell carcinoma or treated cervical carcinoma in situ. Cancer treated with curative intent = 5 years previously will be allowed. Cancer treated with curative intent < 5 years, which is in remission, will be reviewed on a case-by-case basis by the Protocol Officer or one of the Protocol Chairs.

17. Patients with multi-organ involvement by amyloidosis or evidence of amyloidosis related organ dysfunction.

18. Failure to have fully recovered (i.e., no toxicities > Grade 1 by CTCAE version 4.0) from the reversible effects of prior chemotherapy.

19. Patient with serious medical of psychiatric illness likely to interfere with participation on this clinical study

20. Participation in clinical trials with other investigational agents not included in this trial, = 14.0 days of enrollment on this trial and throughout its duration.

21. Patients who have received radiation therapy within 3 weeks before transplant. Enrollment of subjects who require concurrent radiotherapy (which must be localized in its field size) should be deferred until the radiotherapy is completed and 3 weeks have elapsed since the last date of therapy.

22. Patients unable or unwilling to adhere to the study assessment schedule.

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Multiple Myeloma
• Neoplasms, Plasma Cell

Intervention

Procedure:
• Allogeneic HSCT
Eligible patients with a Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA)-matched related or unrelated donor will undergo allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant at Day 0. For GVHD prophylaxis, patients will be given Tacrolimus from Day -3 until at least 6 months following initiation, at an intravenous daily dose of 0.015 mg/kg. This will be combined with an intravenous administration of Methotrexate at 5 mg/m2 on Days +1, +3, +6, and +11.

Drug:
• Fludarabine
Patients will receive conditioning treatment before and after HSCT. Fludarabine will be given at 30 mg/m2 intravenously on Day -6 through Day -3.
• Melphalan
Melphalan will be given at 70 mg/m2 intravenously on Days -4 and -3.
• Bortezomib
Bortezomib will be administered at 1.3 mg/m2 intravenously on Day -3.
• Ixazomib
Between 60 and 120 days following HSCT, patients randomized to the experimental arm will receive Ixazomib maintenance. Maintenance will begin at 3-mg oral doses on Days 1, 8, and 15 of a 28-day cycle. This will increase to 4-mg doses on the same cycle schedule, following successful completion of 3 cycles at the previous dosage, for a total of 12 cycles.
• Placebo
Between 60 and 120 days following HSCT, patients randomized to the control group will be given 3 mg of placebo orally on Days 1, 8, and 15 of a 28-day cycle. This will increase to 4-mg doses on the same cycle schedule following successful completion of 3 cycles of placebo maintenance at the 3-mg dose. This will continue for a total of 12 cycles.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
United States	BMT Northside	Atlanta	Georgia
United States	Emory University	Atlanta	Georgia
United States	University of Alabama	Birmingham	Alabama
United States	Ohio State/Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital	Columbus	Ohio
United States	City of Hope National Medical Center	Duarte	California
United States	Duke University Medical Center	Durham	North Carolina
United States	University of Texas /MD Anderson CRC	Houston	Texas
United States	University of Kentucky	Lexington	Kentucky
United States	University of Wisconsin Hospital & Clinics	Madison	Wisconsin
United States	Loyola University Medical Center	Maywood	Illinois
United States	Medical College of Wisconsin	Milwaukee	Wisconsin
United States	University of Minnesota	Minneapolis	Minnesota
United States	West Virginia University	Morgantown	West Virginia
United States	Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center	New York	New York
United States	H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center	Tampa	Florida

Sponsors (4)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)	Blood and Marrow Transplant Clinical Trials Network, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Marrow Donor Program

Country where clinical trial is conducted

United States, 

References & Publications (1)

Bashir Q, Nishihori T, Pasquini MC, Martens MJ, Wu J, Alsina M, Anasetti C, Brunstein C, Dawson P, Efebera Y, Gasparetto C, Geller N, Giralt S, Hall AC, Koreth J, McCarthy P, Scott E, Stadtmauer EA, Vesole DH, Hari P. A Multicenter Phase II, Double-Blind, — View Citation

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Percentage of Participants With Progression-Free Survival	The primary endpoint compares progression-free survival as a time to event endpoint from randomization between patients randomized to ixazomib and placebo maintenance in high risk multiple myeloma. Participants are considered a failure of the primary endpoint if they die or suffer from disease progression or if they initiate non-protocol anti-myeloma therapy. Disease progression was evaluated using the International Uniform Response Criteria. Participants must meet one of the criteria for disease progression specified in the protocol. The time to this event is the time from randomization to progression, death, or initiation of non-protocol anti myeloma therapy whichever comes first. The Kaplan-Meier estimator was used to estimate progression-free survival during the 2 year post-transplant follow-up period. Participants who were event-free at two years post-transplant are censored at that time.	12 months and 21 months post-randomization
Secondary	Percentage of Participants With Acute GVHD (Grades III-IV)	Cumulative incidences of grade III-IV acute GVHD were determined using the Aalen-Johansen estimator. Death prior to acute GVHD is treated as the competing risk. Cumulative incidences are compared between treatment arms using Gray's test. Grading of acute GVHD was derived by consensus grading per BMT Clinical Trials Network (CTN) manual of procedures (MOP). The acute GVHD algorithm calculates the grade based on the organ (skin, GI and liver) stage and etiology/biopsy reported on the weekly GVHD form. Grade I aGVHD is defined as Skin stage of 1-2 and stage 0 for both GI and liver organs. Grade II aGVHD is stage 3 of skin, or stage 1 of GI, or stage 1 of liver. Grade III is stage 2-4 for GI, or stage 2-3 of liver. Grade IV is stage 4 of skin, or stage 4 of liver. Grade 4 is the worst outcome.	100 days post-randomization
Secondary	Percentage of Participants With Chronic GVHD	Cumulative incidences of chronic GVHD were determined using the Aalen-Johansen estimator. Death prior to chronic GVHD is treated as the competing risk. Cumulative incidences are compared between treatment arms using Gray's test. Data of chronic GVHD were collected from providers and chart review according to the recommendations of the 2014 NIH Consensus Criteria. Eight organs are scored on a 0-3 scale to reflect degree of chronic GVHD involvement; 3 indicates the worst symptom. Liver and pulmonary function test results and use of systemic therapy for treatment of chronic GVHD are also recorded.	12 months and 21 months post-randomization
Secondary	Percentage of Participants With Best Response to Treatment After Randomization	Response was assessed using the International Uniform Response Criteria. Best response is the best of all the disease response status at each assessment time point after randomization. The order from best to worst is: Stringent Complete Response (sCR), Complete Response (CR), Very Good Partial Response (VGPR), Partial Response (PR), Stable Disease (SD), and Progressive Disease (PD). All disease classifications are relative to the patient's disease status prior to allogeneic transplant (i.e. study entry). This outcome was compared between treatment groups using all response data up to 2 years post-transplant. These response data were summarized separately for patients in sCR/CR at the time of randomization vs. those who were not in sCR/CR at the time of randomization. Within each group (in sCR/CR vs not in sCR/CR at randomization), best response to treatment was compared between treatment groups using a Fisher's Exact test instead of a chi-square test because of the small sample size.	2 years post-transplant
Secondary	Percentage of Participants With Response to Treatment	Response was assessed using the International Uniform Response Criteria. All disease classifications are relative to the patient's disease status prior to allogeneic transplant (i.e. study entry). Response to treatment after randomization (sCR, CR, VGPR, or PR) is summarized in each arm post-transplant at 18 months and 24 months post-transplant. These response data were summarized separately for patients in sCR/CR at the time of randomization vs. those who were not in sCR/CR at the time of randomization.	18 months and 24 months post-transplant
Secondary	Percentage of Participants With Disease Progression	Disease progression was evaluated using the International Uniform Response Criteria. Participants in sCR/CR must meet at least one of the criteria for disease progression specified in the protocol for sCR/CR participants; those not in sCR/CR must meet at least one of the disease progression criteria specified in the protocol for those not in sCR/CR. The cumulative incidence of progression from randomization will be estimated for each treatment arm using the Aalen-Johansen estimator, with death in remission treated as a competing risk. Initiation of anti-myeloma therapy will be considered evidence of progression. Participants who were event-free at two years post-transplant are censored at that time.	12 months and 21 months post-randomization
Secondary	Percentage of Participants With Overall Survival (OS)	Overall survival (OS) is defined as freedom from death from any cause. OS post-randomization is estimated for each arm using the Kaplan-Meier estimator and compared between arms using the log rank test. Participants who are alive at two years post-transplant are censored at that time. Confidence intervals for values of 100% were not calculated and are shown as 100%.	12 months and 21 months post-randomization
Secondary	Percentage of Participants With Treatment-Related Mortality (TRM)	Treatment-related mortality is defined as death occurring in a patient from causes other than disease relapse or progression. The cumulative incidence of treatment-related mortality (TRM) post-randomization is estimated for each treatment arm using the Aalen-Johansen estimator, with progression treated as a competing risk. Participants who were event-free at two years post-transplant are censored at that time. Confidence intervals for values of 0% were not calculated.	12 months and 21 months post-randomization
Secondary	Percentage of Participants With Toxicities Post-randomization by Toxicity Type	Toxicities are graded using National Cancer Institute (NCI) Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE), Version 4.0. Higher grades correspond to worse symptoms with the minimum grade being a 0 and the maximum grade being a 5. Toxicities post-randomization are described for each treatment arm by the type of toxicity as well as peak overall grade.	2 years post-randomization
Secondary	Percentage of Participants With Toxicities Post-randomization by Time Point	Toxicities are graded using NCI Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE), Version 4.0. Higher grades correspond to worse symptoms with the minimum grade being a 0 and the maximum grade being a 5. The cumulative incidence of Grade = 3 toxicity was estimated at 6, 12 and 18 months post randomization using Aalen-Johansen estimators for each treatment group. Death from a cause other than toxicity was treated as a competing risk. Comparison of cumulative incidence between the two treatment arms was done using a Z test at fixed time points.	6, 12 and 18 months post-randomization
Secondary	Percentage of Participants With Infections Post-randomization by Infection Type	All Grade 2 and 3 infections are reported according to the BMT CTN MOP (Manual of Procedures) where a higher grade corresponds to more severe symptoms. The number of participants with post-randomization infections in each treatment arm is described by severity and type of infection.	2 years post-randomization
Secondary	Percentage of Participants With Infections Post-randomization by Time Point	All Grade 2 and 3 infections are reported according to the BMT CTN MOP (Manual of Procedures) where a higher grade corresponds to more severe symptoms. The cumulative incidence of severe, life-threatening, or fatal infections (Grade 3), treating death as a competing event, are estimated at 6, 12 and 18 months post randomization using Aalen-Johansen estimators for each treatment group. Comparison of cumulative incidence between the two treatment arms was done using a Z test at fixed time points.	6, 12 and 18 months post-randomization
Secondary	Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy (FACT) - Bone Marrow Transplant (BMT) Total Score	The FACT-BMT version 4.0 instrument is comprised of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy - General (FACT-G), which evaluates the health-related quality of life (HQL) of patients receiving treatment for cancer, and the BMT Concerns module, that addresses disease and treatment-related questions specific to bone marrow transplant. This scale goes from 0 to 196 where higher scores indicate better functioning. The FACT-BMT Total, which has all items in the FACT-G and BMT modules, was used as the outcome measure. This self-reported questionnaire was completed at transplant, randomization, 6 months following the start of maintenance therapy (which corresponds to 6 months post-randomization), and 24 months post-transplant. Comparisons between treatment groups were performed prior to maintenance, 6 months post-randomization and at 24 months after transplant. Only English and Spanish speaking patients were eligible to participate in the quality of life component of this trial.	Randomization, 6-months post-randomization, 24 months post-transplant
Secondary	Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) - Short Form 36 (SF-36) Score	The MOS SF-36 instrument is a general assessment of health quality of life with eight components: Physical Functioning, Role Physical, Pain Index, General Health Perceptions, Vitality, Social Functioning, Role Emotional, and Mental Health Index. The scale is 0 to 100 where 0 is maximum disability and 100 is no disability, so the higher the score the more positive the outcome. The Physical Component Summary (PCS) and Mental Component Summary (MCS) were used as the outcome measures in summarizing the SF-36 data for this study. This self-reported questionnaire was completed at transplant, randomization, 6 months following the start of maintenance therapy (which corresponds to 6 months post-randomization), and 24 months post-transplant. Comparisons between treatment groups were performed prior to maintenance, 6 months post-randomization and at 24 months after transplant. Only English and Spanish speaking patients were eligible to participate in the quality of life component of this trial.	Randomization, 6 months post-randomization, 24 months post-transplant

External Links

•   Blood and Marrow Transplant Clinical Trials Network
•   National Marrow Donor Program