View clinical trials related to Milk, Human.
Filter by:The current longitudinal (max. 2-year) observational cohort study in 120 lactating mothers and their newborns will make it possible to explore human milk composition across different lactation stages, between different human milk groups, and in relation to maternal, perinatal, infant, and sample characteristics as well as to the microbiota of the infant.
In the US, the burden of very low birth weight (VLBW; <1500 g) birth is borne disproportionately by black (non-Hispanic black/African American) mothers who are 2.2-2.6 times more likely than nonblack mothers to deliver VLBW infants. This disparity is amplified because black VLBW infants are significantly less likely to receive mother's own milk (MOM) feedings from birth until neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) discharge than nonblack infants, which adds to the lifelong burden of VLBW birth with increased risk of morbidities and greater costs. Pumping is associated with out-of-pocket and opportunity costs that are borne by mothers, unlike donor human milk and formula, which are paid for by NICUs. This innovative trial will determine the effectiveness of the intervention in reducing the disparity in MOM feedings and provide an economic analysis of the interventions, yielding critical data impacting generalizability and likelihood of implementation of results. The investigators hypothesize that mothers who receive intervention will have greater pumping volume and duration and their infants will be more likely to receive MOM at NICU discharge compared to mothers who receive standard of care lactation care and their infants.
DHA is important for the development of brain and retina in newborns. Considering that exclusive breast feeding for at least 4 ~6 months are globally recommended, plus it is well known that nutrient requirement is determined by both genetic and environmental (including diet) factors, this clinical study sought to investigate how the DHA levels in maternal milk is modulated by genetic variants and dietary n-3 LCPUFA intake. To recruit subjects (n=193), the inclusion criteria are Han Chinese women just having delivered full-term baby, 20-40 years old, healthy, and willing to breast feed their baby for at least 2 months. Written informed consent will be obtained from participants. Personal information (or covariates) such as height, weight (before getting pregnancy and delivery, respectively), age, parity, education, smoking, alcohol drinking, gender of baby…etc, and DNA from oral swab will be collected. Breast milk and dietary data will be collected at the end of the 1st and 2nd month of postpartum period. Considering Han Chinese women usually have special postpartum diets and care during puerperium, therefore, collection of breast milk and dietary information will be repeated at the 2nd month. The fatty acid composition in milk will be analyzed by gas chromatography. Using food frequency questionnaire, intake of n-3 LCPUFA from foods + fish oil supplements will be calculated. Subjects will be instructed to give a 3-days food record as well. We foresee results of this study might contribute to public health care as nutritionists/dietitians will be able to target the vulnerable subjects, who are dietary dependent for DHA, for dedications in nutrition consults or customized dietary guidance. Moreover, these information are valuable in making policy regarding dietary recommendation in Taiwan.
Parents commonly find giving medicines to babies, using oral syringes or spoons, difficult and emotionally stressful. In developing countries, additional stress arises due to hygiene difficulties and the lack of clean water. To overcome these challenges and encourage breastfeeding, we have developed the concept of a Therapeutic Nipple Shield, a delivery system that makes it possible to give medicine and nutrients to babies during breastfeeding. It consists of a silicone nipple shield that allows the release of medicine/nutrients into human milk during the feed. Presentations of a prototype to parents and staff at the Rosie Hospital was very positive, and encouraged this clinical study. This study aims to give a vitamin B12 supplement to babies during breastfeeding. The supplement will be placed into a nipple shield, both of which are commercially available, and the mother will breastfeed her baby as usual. Before and after the feed, we will 1) collect a small blood sample from the baby to see whether the vitamin levels in the infant have increased, 2) ask the mother to participate in two short interviews about her expectations and experiences using the Therapeutic Nipple Shield.
Human milk is not a uniform body fluid, but quite the opposite, its composition changes continuously adapting to the requirements of the newborn. It can be considered as the gold standard for infants' nutrition and exclusive breastfeeding is recommended by the WHO during the first months of life. Additionally, its composition should be used as reference or guidance for defining optimal nutrient intakes for infants that cannot be fully breastfed. In that connection, the nutritional status and dietary habits/patterns of the mother, along with certain genetic traits, exert also influence over breast milk. Considering all these facts, and their great impact on (present and future) infant health, detailed information of breast milk composition is required for specific populations, covering as many factors, elements and nutrients as possible. In the present observational study, research is focused on breast milk in northwestern Spain, more precisely Galicia. In this context, the obtained data will serve to define the nutritional characteristics of breast milk from Galician women (interindividual variation), while at the same time evaluating the existence of specific features related to their particular diet (dietary factors), the Southern European Atlantic Diet (SEAD). All the variables measured in this research project will be related with breast milk composition. Expected primary outcomes can be divided as follows: fatty acid profiles, mineral composition, essential amino acid profiles, microbiota and steroid hormones. The key influencing factors taken into account are: lactation characteristics and maternal diet. Recruitment of participants is based on all the following criteria, with no exceptions: female, living in Galicia, lactating, > 18 years old, volunteer participation, written informed consent and agreement to complete questionnaires about lactation, diet and other socio-demographic factors. Samples are collected by participants, and stored at the University of Santiago de Compostela under a coded system so that it is impossible to identify the donor from whom the sample comes, with the exception of the investigators. The project is adhered to the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. Participants are allowed to withdraw their consent at any moment of the study.