Pregnancy Clinical Trial
Official title:
Effect of Micronutrients and Exercise During Pregnancy on Factors Related With Non-Transmissible Chronic Diseases
At the moment, most of efforts to prevent non-transmissible chronic diseases at population
level have been centered in promoting healthful behaviors like physical activity, consumption
of fruits and vegetables, and discouraging from the consumption of tobacco and alcohol in
adult population, but the results have been little hopeful. In the last years, manifold
studies have indicated the relation between metabolic alterations and of the fetal growth
with the development of non-transmissible chronic diseases in adult age. More recently, it
has been proposed that maternal factors (endothelial function, oxidative stress and
alterations in adipokines) and placental ones (mitochondrial dysfunction) are the precursory
mechanisms of fetal metabolic alterations and of the later development of non-transmissible
chronic diseases. Also, it has been suggested that possibly supplementation with
micronutrients and the physical exercise during the gestation can regulate these maternal and
placental factors. For the reasons just mentioned, it is necessary to clarify if these
proposed factors are related to fetal metabolic alterations and if the supplementation during
the gestation with micronutrients and/or the physical exercise can regulate them, which would
be an early and novel alternative to fortify the prevention of non-transmissible chronic
diseases in the population.
Purpose
1. To evaluate the effect of associated both the maternal and placental metabolic factors
to non-transmissible chronic diseases in newborn.
2. To evaluate the effect of the physical exercise and the complementation with
micronutrients during the pregnancy either in the endothelial function, the levels of
adipokines, the oxidative stress of the mother and the newborn, as in the placental
mitochondrial function and the anthropometry of newborn.
Hypothesis:
1. There is correlation between the metabolic factors, related to non-transmissible chronic
diseases, of the mother and those of the newborn one.
2. Supplementation with either micronutrients or physical exercise influence beneficially
as much in the endothelial function, oxidative stress, the levels in adipokines of the
mother and the newborn one like in the placental mitochondrial function.
3. The simultaneous intervention with micronutrients or physical exercise produces an
additional beneficial effect in the metabolic state of the mother and the newborn one.
4. The metabolic alterations when being born are not exclusive of newborn with
anthropometric measures located either in the inferior or superior percentiles.
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