Expanded Access to Diagnostic Imaging for Staging of Recurrent Prostate Cancer

Metastatic Prostate Cancer Clinical Trial

Official title:

Expanded Access to 11C Choline PET/CT and 11C Choline PET/MR for Staging of Recurrent Prostate Cancer With Comparison Study of CT and MR Modalities

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT02260817
• Other study ID #: ZM-CCH-40-PTL0114
• Status: Completed
• Phase: Phase 3
• Start date: October 2014
• Est. completion date: June 2018

Study information

• Verified date: December 2019
• Source: Global Isotopes, LLC d/b/a Zevacor Molecular
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

This Phase 3 study will target approximately 100 men over age 18 who have a biochemical relapse or other evidence of relapse of prostate cancer after primary treatment.

The purpose of this study is to:

A. Provide expanded access the drug 11C-choline.

B. Determine the performance characteristics (sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value) of 11C-choline PET/Computed Tomography (CT) and PET/Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in the detection of metastatic prostate cancer in patients with biochemical relapse of prostate cancer after primary treatment in a prospective manner.

C. Determine the optimal Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) trigger value in 11C-choline PET/CT and PET/MRI positive patients through a prospective study.

D. Determine factors that predict a confirmed positive 11C-choline PET/CT and PET/MRI using a multivariable analysis of clinical and pathologic data collected prospectively.

E. Compare the individual performance characteristics of 11C-choline PET/CT and 11C-choline PET/MRI and the combination of 11C-choline PET/CT and PET/MRI

Study Protocol:

1. Patients entered into the study will undergo a 11C-choline PET CT scan and MRI scan.

2. The CT and MRI images will be evaluated for evidence of metastatic prostate cancer.

3. The 11C-choline PET CT and MRI images will be evaluated for evidence of metastatic prostate cancer.

4. Evidence of metastasis on conventional imaging or 11C-choline PET will be confirmed with biopsy or surgical pathology when possible, or by response to treatment on subsequent imaging.

5. Rates of confirmed metastasis between conventional CT and MRI images will be compared with the 11C-choline PET CT and MRI images.

6. Upon conclusion of each imaging protocol, the referring physician will receive written documentation of the results. At this time, the patient will be considered off study and no further follow up is required.

Description:

1. The first arm of this study serves to provide expanded access to 11C-choline injection as currently defined under the reference listed drug label as an investigational drug in geographical service areas where 11C-choline is not available. The second arm expands access as well but also attempts to determine the more effective imaging modality and conditions between PET/CT and PET/MR.

2. The study will consist of patients who have a biochemical relapse or other evidence of relapse after primary treatment. The first arm of the study is open to as many patients who elect to participate in the study that are over the age of 18 and have experienced a biochemical relapse of prostate cancer after primary treatment. The second arm will consist of patients who have been treated with radiation therapy, or androgen suppression and radiation therapy who have a PSA > 2 ng/mL higher than the nadir level. The nadir level in patients who have been treated with androgen suppression and radiation therapy is determined after the serum testosterone level has normalized. This study group will also consist of patients who have been treated with radical prostatectomy and who have a biochemical relapse defined as a PSA of 0.2 ng/mL confirmed at that level or higher on a subsequent PSA test 3 months later. This group may consist of men who have other clinical evidence of relapse such as a suspicious bone scan or CT scan regardless of PSA kinetics. Patients identified as potential subjects will be screened against the eligibility criteria as defined above in Section 5.1.

3. Informed consent will be obtained from all participants before any study related procedures are conducted. Each participant will be informed about the nature of the study, its purpose, and possible risks. Informed consent will be documented by using the written informed consent document approved by the local IRB at the Decatur Memorial Hospital.

4. At the time of referral, patients will be asked to bring their prior records as it pertains to their prostate cancer history. Data collected from outside records, such as radiographic studies, previous imaging studies and biopsies will be incorporated into the study record.

5. Abstracted data for the study record will include:

1. Patient demographics such as age, race, and family history of prostate cancer

2. Risk factors such as finasteride or dutasteride use, and environmental exposure (eg. Agent orange)

3. Prostate exam results, most recent within last 90 days

4. PSA test results, most current and past

5. Past medical and surgical history

6. Current medications

7. Allergies

8. Pathology reports

9. Imaging reports

10. Date of diagnosis

11. Date(s) of biochemical relapse and coordinating PSA results. Once all records have been assessed for eligibility, an order for the 11C-choline PET CT scan and MRI scan will be requested from the referring physician and patient will be scheduled and given the appropriate prep instructions.

6. Both arms of the study will undergo a 11C-choline PET CT scan and MRI scan. The CT scan will be performed with intravenous contrast unless deemed unsafe by lab values. The CT and MRI images will be evaluated for evidence of metastatic prostate cancer. The 11C-choline PET CT and MRI images will be evaluated for evidence of metastatic prostate cancer. Unequivocal evidence of metastasis on both conventional imaging and 11C-choline PET will be considered a true positive. Evidence of metastasis on conventional imaging or 11C-choline PET will be confirmed with biopsy or surgical pathology when possible, or by response to treatment on subsequent imaging. If confirmation of metastasis is not achievable by biopsy or surgical pathology, then confirmation will be achieved with 11C-choline PET CT and MRI images obtained 3 months after treatment conclusion. Rates of confirmed metastasis between conventional CT and MRI images will be compared with the 11C-choline PET CT and MRI images.

7. Upon conclusion of each imaging protocol, the referring physician will receive written documentation of the results. At this time, the patient will be considered off study and no further follow up is required.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 109
• Est. completion date: June 2018
• Est. primary completion date: June 2016
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: Male
• Age group: 18 Years and older

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

1. For biochemical relapse after primary treatment

1. PSA > 0.2 ng/ml after radical prostatectomy confirmed at that level or higher on a subsequent test 3 months later

2. PSA increase >2 ng/ml from nadir following radiation therapy

3. PSA increase >2 ng/ml from nadir following radiation therapy plus androgen deprivation therapy with nadir defined with normalized testosterone level

4. Two consecutive PSA increases from nadir level after androgen blockade or androgen suppression therapy

2. Kidney function with GFR > 60 mL/sec/1.73m2 and Creatinine < 1.7mg, collected within 90 days of planned scan

1. if GFR is > or equal to 60 mL/sec/1.73m2, PET/CT will be completed with contrast

2. if GFR is < 60 mL/sec/1.73m2, PET/CT will be completed without contrast

3. if Creatinine is > than 1.7 mg, Radiology will follow ACR recommendations as outlined in department policy.

3. No known allergy to iodinated radiologic contrast media

4. Able to have MRI based on screening evaluation. If patient is found to be MRI incompatible, the 11C-choline PET/MRI portion of the study will not be completed. Please see the provided contact numbers for further options.

5. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status of 0, 1, or 2

Exclusion Criteria:

1. ECOG Performance Status > 2.

2. Concurrent malignancy, i.e. colon cancer.

3. Treatment for another malignancy except superficial skin cancer within 5 years

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Metastatic Prostate Cancer
• Prostatic Neoplasms

Intervention

Drug:
• 11C-choline Injection
Choline C11 Injection for PET/CT Imaging Protocol: 15 - millicuries (mCi) 11C-choline IV Injection PET images skull base to mid thigh with 3 min per bed position Use of IV contrast based on American College of Radiology (ACR) IV contrast guidelines for a renal function screening protocol Fusion of PET and CT images Choline C11 Injection for PET/MRI Whole Body Imaging Protocol: No IV contrast High resolution axial T2 prostate bed, axial Diffusion Weighted Image (DWI) pelvis, coronal T2 skull base to mid thighs Fusion of coronal and PET images

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
United States	Decatur Memorial Hospital	Decatur	Illinois

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Global Isotopes, LLC d/b/a Zevacor Molecular

Country where clinical trial is conducted

United States, 

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Evidence of Metastatic Prostate Cancer	The CT and MRI images will be evaluated for evidence of metastatic prostate cancer. This Outcome is only measured for Arm 2 of this study.; True Positive: True positives will consist of evidence of metastatic prostate cancer on conventional CT or MRI images or on 11C-choline PET/CT or MRI images confirmed with biopsy, surgical pathology, or by response to treatment with androgen suppression or other medical or radiation therapy.; True Negative: True negatives will consist of negative images.; False Positive: False positive will consist of evidence of metastatic prostate cancer on conventional CT or MRI images or on 11C-choline PET/CT or MRI images, but without corresponding confirmation from biopsy, surgical pathology or response to treatment.; False Negative: False negative will consist of negative images, but with positive biopsy, surgical pathology or a response to treatment.	After 11C-choline PET CT scan and MRI scans, approximately 1 day. If surgery or response to treatment required to evaluate, approximately 1 to 3 months.
Primary	Sensitivity of 11C Choline PET Imaging Scans	The results of the population's 11C-choline PET CT scans and MRI scans will be evaluated for imaging sensitivity.; Sensitivity of 11C-choline PET/CT and MRI will be calculated as True Positive / (True Positive + False Negative).; This Outcome is only measured for Arm 2 of this study.	Approximately 1 day post-scan for patient results
Primary	Specificity of 11C Choline PET Imaging Scans	The results of the population's 11C-choline PET CT scans and MRI scans will be evaluated for imaging specificity.; Specificity of 11C-choline PET/CT and MRI will be calculated as True Negative / (True Negative + False Positive).; This Outcome is only measured and reported for Arm 2.	Approximately 1 day post-scan for patient results
Primary	Positive Predictive Value (PPV) of 11C Choline PET Imaging Scans	The results of the population's 11C-choline PET CT scans and MRI scans will be evaluated for the images' positive predictive value.; Positive Predictive Value of 11C-choline PET/CT and MRI will be calculated as True Positive / (True Positive + False Positive).; This Outcome is only measured for Arm 2.	Approximately 1 day post-scan for patient results
Primary	Negative Predictive Value (NPV) of 11C Choline PET Imaging Scans	The results of the population's 11C-choline PET CT scans and MRI scans will be evaluated for the images' negative predictive value.; Negative Predictive Value of 11C-choline PET/CT and MRI will be calculated as True Negative / (True Negative + False Negative).; This Outcome is only measured for Arm 2.	Approximately 1 day post-scan for patient results
Primary	Count of Participants With Positive or Negative PET, CT, or MRI Modalities Resulting in Prostate Cancer (PCa) Confirmation	Comparison of the results of participants' imaging modalities and whether those imaging modalities resulted in confirmation of Prostate Cancer (PCa). This Outcome is only measured for Arm 2.	Approximately 1 day post-scan for patient results
Secondary	Median Age at Primary Treatment	The median age at primary treatment for Arm 2 participants.	The participants' age at primary treatment was collected upon study enrollment (approximately 1 week into study)
Secondary	Median PSA at Diagnosis of Arm 2 Participants	The Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) measurement of participants at their original prostate cancer diagnosis was collected at entry to this trial. It is reported as nanograms of PSA per milliliter (ng/mL) of blood. The Median of all reported PSAs is reported here.	The participants' primary PSA at diagnosis was collected upon study enrollment (approximately 1 week into study)
Secondary	Clinical T (cT) Stage of Arm 2 Participants	An accounting of the approximate clinical (pre-treatment) stage for the Arm 2 participants. Clinical staging is based on the results of tests done before surgery.; T1: PC is too small to be seen on a scan or felt during prostate examination; T1a: PC is in < 5% of removed tissue; T1b: PC is in > 5% or more of removed tissue; T1c: PC is found by biopsy; T2: PC is completely inside prostate; T2a: PC is in only half of one side of prostate; T2b: PC is in more than half of one side of prostate, but not both sides; T2c: PC is in both sides but is still inside prostate; T3: PC has broken through the capsule of prostate; T3a: PC has broken through the capsule of prostate; T3b: PC has spread into seminal vesicles; T4: PC has spread into other nearby body organs	The participants' clinical stage data was collected upon study enrollment (approximately 1 week into study)
Secondary	Median Primary Biopsy Gleason Score of Arm 2 Participants	The median primary Biopsy Gleason Score for the Arm 2 participants' will be reported.; The Gleason Score is the grading system used to determine the aggressiveness of prostate cancer. Typical Gleason Scores range from 6-10. The higher the Gleason Score, the more likely that the cancer will grow and spread quickly.; Gleason scores 2-4 are typically found in smaller tumors located in the transitional zone (around the urethra).; The majority of treatable/treated cancers are of Gleason scores 5 - 7 and are detected due to biopsy after abnormal digital rectal exam or prostate specific antigen evaluation. The cancer is typically located in the peripheral zone usually the posterior portion.; Tumors with Gleason scores 8-10 tend to be advanced neoplasms that are unlikely to be cured.	The participants' primary Biopsy Gleason Score data was collected upon study enrollment (approximately 1 week into study)
Secondary	Primary Treatment Modality of Arm 2 Participants	An accounting of the primary treatment modalities undergone by the participants in Arm 2 prior to their involvement in the trial will be reported.; Modalities reported below are: Androgen Deprivation Therapy (ADT) External Beam Radiation Therapy (EBRT) Brachytherapy Cryoablation Cystoprostatectomy Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) Radical Prostatectomy (RP)	The participants' primary treatment data was collected upon study enrollment (approximately 1 week into study)
Secondary	Pathological Stage (pT) of Prostate Cancer (PC) of Arm 2 Participants	The pathological stage of PC at primary diagnosis for Arm 2 participants was collected. pT is based on how different from normal the cells in samples of tissue recovered from surgery look under a microscope.; T1: PC is too small to be seen on a scan or felt during prostate examination; T1a: PC is in < 5% of removed tissue; T1b: PC is in > 5% or more of removed tissue; T1c: PC is found by biopsy; T2: PC is completely inside prostate; T2a: PC is in only half of one side of prostate; T2b: PC is in more than half of one side of prostate, but not both sides; T2c: PC is in both sides but is still inside prostate; T3: PC has broken through the capsule of prostate; T3a: PC has broken through the capsule of prostate; T3b: PC has spread into seminal vesicles; T4: PC has spread into other nearby body organs	The participants' primary pathological staging data was collected upon study enrollment (approximately 1 week into study)
Secondary	Primary Surgical Margins of Arm 2 Participants	A census of the primary surgical margins of participants in Arm 2 will reported.; The surgical margins are the set of surfaces that were cut by the surgeon in order to remove the specimen from the body.; Positive Margin: surgical margins with disease present. Negative Margin: surgical margins with no disease present.	The participants' primary surgical margins data was collected upon study enrollment (approximately 1 week into study)
Secondary	Primary Positive Lymph Node Ratio of Arm 2 Participants	A census of the positive lymph node ratio, defined as ratio of positive lymph nodes to all lymph nodes removed, for the participants of Arm 2 will be reported.; The N refers to the the number of nearby lymph nodes that have cancer. NX: Cancer in nearby lymph nodes cannot be measured. N0: There is no cancer in nearby lymph nodes. N1, N2, N3: Refers to the number and location of lymph nodes that contain cancer. The higher the number after the N, the more lymph nodes that contain cancer.	The participants' primary positive lymph note ratio was collected upon study enrollment (approximately 1 week into study)
Secondary	Additional Treatment and Type for Arm 2 Participants	A census of the additional treatments undergone by participants prior to enrollment in the study, if undergone, for the participants of Arm 2 will be reported.; None Androgen Deprivation Therapy (ADT) Radiation Therapy (RT) Electron Beam Radiation Therapy (EBRT) Lycopene (herbal treatment) Salvage Radiation Therapy (RT) Salvage Radical Prostatectomy (RP) Adjuvant Radiation Therapy (RT) Bilateral Pelvis Lymph Node Dissection	The participants' additional primary treatment data was collected upon study enrollment (approximately 1 week into study)
Secondary	Median Months to Biochemical Relapse of Arm 2 Participants	The median of the Arm 2 participants' data between initial treatment and biochemical relapse, occurring prior to study enrollment, measured in months, will be reported.	The participants' biochemical relapse data was collected upon study enrollment (approximately 1 week into study)
Secondary	Median Age of Arm 2 Participant at PET Imaging	The median age (at time of study) of participants of Arm 2 will be reported in years.	The participants' age at study entry was collected upon study enrollment (approximately 1 week into study)
Secondary	Median PSA of Arm 2 Participant at PET Imaging	The median of the PSA of Arm 2 participants at study entry will be reported as nanograms of PSA per milliliter (ng/mL) of blood	The participants' PSA was collected upon study enrollment (approximately 1 week into study)
Secondary	Median PSA Doubling Time of Arm 2 Participants at PET Imaging	The median of the time, measured in months that an Arm 2 participant's PSA has doubled from initial diagnosis to PSA measured at study enrollment.	The participants' PSA doubling time was collected upon study enrollment (approximately 1 week into study)
Secondary	Median PSA Velocity of Arm 2 Participants at PET Imaging	The median PSA velocity (measured in ng/mL/month) of the Arm 2 participants will be reported.	The participants' PSA velocity was collected upon study enrollment (approximately 1 week into study)
Secondary	ADT (Androgen Deprivation Therapy) in Participant at PET Imaging	An accounting of whether the participants of Arm 2 have undergone androgen deprivation therapy (ADT).	The participants' participation in ADT was collected upon study enrollment (approximately 1 week into study)