View clinical trials related to Meningitis.
Filter by:This study aims to improve the outcome of infants (<2 months) with severe sepsis and meningitis at the Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi. Currently WHO recommends the treatment of infant severe sepsis and bacterial meningitis with 14 to 21 day course of penicillin and gentamicin as first line. The second line treatment is cefotaxime or ceftriaxone. Severe bacterial infections are common in infants under 2 months of age and the mortality is very high (~50%). There are several reasons for this; one is that the first line antibiotics used are no longer as effective as they used to be. Bacterial resistance to the first line antibiotics has increased and some infections especially of the central nervous system may only be partly treated and not eradicated by present therapy. First line treatment is cheap and available but requires 4 injections a day, for at least 14 days, a total of 58 injections. Many mothers find this number too much and abscond. The investigators second line therapy is ceftriaxone which is also available and cheap and the advantage of being given as a daily injection. The disadvantage is that it can cause (reversible) jaundice particularly in premature babies and it must not be given with calcium products. The investigators do not give calcium to the investigators infants as the investigators cannot routinely check electrolytes. All the most common causes of bacterial meningitis in this age group in the investigators setting are sensitive to ceftriaxone. The investigators wish to undertake an open randomized trial of penicillin and gentamicin v ceftriaxone as first line treatment for infant meningitis. The investigators are able to monitor for side effects. The investigators hypothesise that the ceftriaxone arm will have 20% less deaths that the penicillin and gentamicin group.
The purpose of this trial is to describe antibody persistence and response to re-vaccination with either Menactra® or Menomune® vaccine approximately three years following initial vaccination in adults who participated in trial MTA29 (NCT00874549). Objectives: - To describe the rates of immediate reactions, solicited injection-site and systemic reactions, all unsolicited adverse events, and serious adverse events following vaccination. - To evaluate persistence of serum bactericidal antibodies in subjects who received Menactra® or Menomune® vaccine approximately three years ago. - To evaluate the immune response to serogroups A, C, Y, and W-135 in subjects re-vaccinated with either Menactra® or Menomune® vaccine.
The purpose of this study was to assess immunogenicity of a 3-dose versus 4-dose infant vaccination schedule including kinetics of immune response in the early phases of the series.
There is evidence of waning immunity in individuals vaccinated against meningitis C as part of the UK infant immunisation schedule. The intention of this study is to contact participants of a previous NVEC (National Vaccine Evalutaion Consortium) clinical trial (a PreSchool Men C trial, in which participants were randomised to receive Meningitec, Menjugate or Neisvac-C). They will be invited to enrol and will be randomised to receive one of two quadrivalent meningococcal ACWY vaccines, to look at the boosting effect they may confer.
Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is the most lethal form of tuberculosis infection, and is diagnosed in approximately 5-10% of TB patients. The incidence of TBM has increased considerably during the last decade, partly due to the HIV epidemic. Without treatment, virtually all patients with TB meningitis will die. With the current treatment regimens, TBM is fatal in approximately 30-50% of cases, and responsible for severe disability in a similar proportion of survivors. Worldwide, Indonesia the third highest case load of tuberculosis with an estimated 500,000 new patients / year. Representative data are lacking, but it is clear that TBM is a growing problem. For instance, in Hasan Sadikin Hospital, the top-referral hospital for West Java Province (population 40 million), Indonesia, 40-50 cases of TBM were treated yearly in the late 90's compared to approximately 100 in recent years. There is very little evidence for the current treatment regimen for TBM, which dates back to the late 60's. Therefore, there is an urgent need to evaluate intensified treatment of TBM in randomized trials. We hypothesize that higher dose rifampicin, moxifloxacin (possibly also at high dose), or both will improve outcome of TBM. To determine the experimental regimen(s) which should be compared with current regimen in phase 3 trials, we want to evaluate pharmacokinetic aspects and toxicity of candidate regimens in a phase 2 clinical trial in 60 patients with TBM in Indonesia.
This was a Phase 2b/3, multi-center, extension study of V72P10 to assess antibody persistence at 18 months after the vaccination course in study V72P10 (NCT00661713). Subjects who participated in study V72P10, and who meet all other enrollment criteria for this extension study, and a group of naïve subjects (defined as subjects who had never received rMenB+OMV NZ or other experimental MenB vaccines) of similar age to the subjects who were eligible to participate in this extension study, performed one study visit in which a single blood sample was drawn for MenB serological analyses.
The primary objective was to evaluate the persistence of bactericidal antibodies in children 40 and 60 months of age previously enrolled in the V59P14 (NCT00474526) study who received Novartis MenACWY Conjugate Vaccine. The study also enrolled age-matched subjects who have never received any meningococcal vaccine (naïve subjects) to serve as a control group. In addition, the response of a booster dose at 60 months was evaluated.
Meningitis is a rare complication following neurosurgical procedures and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study is to describe the clinical characteristics and microbiological characteristics in patients who develope meningitis following neurosurgical operations, and investigate the useful tips for the differential diagnosis of postneurosurgical meningitis.
Meningococcal disease occurs throughout the world but attack rates in the Sahelian and sub-Sahelian regions of Africa - the African meningitis belt - are many times higher than those seen in any other part of the world. During 2009, over 70,000 meningitis cases and 3,200 deaths were reported in Nigeria, Niger, and Chad alone. In 2001, a public private partnership between WHO and PATH was created, the Meningitis Vaccine Project (MVP). The MVP set out to develop an affordable meningococcal serogroup A conjugate vaccine (MenAfriVac™) for use in the African meningitis belt. This was successfully achieved, and the new vaccine, produced by the Serum Institute of India (SII), was granted a licence in 2009 for international export. The vaccine dossier was submitted to WHO for prequalification at the beginning of 2010. Introduction through mass vaccination is planned in three African Meningitis belt countries in 2010 (Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger). The implementation of MenAfriVac will be the responsibility of the local Ministry of Health, with the support of the World Health Organization. It is anticipated that this vaccine will be deployed in other countries of the meningitis belt in 2011. This vaccine should provide high levels of direct protection to immunised individuals but, as for serogroup C conjugate vaccines in the United Kingdom, a greater public health impact will be achieved if carriage and transmission of the infection are also prevented. The London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (LSTHM) is coordinating the African Meningococcal Carriage Consortium (MenAfriCar). One of the primary objectives of the MenAfriCar project is to evaluate the impact of the new conjugate vaccine on meningococcal carriage and transmission of serogroup A meningococci in Mali, Niger and Chad. A community-based prospective, pre- and post intervention, observational study will be conducted. MenAfriCar will also help to develop research capacity in the participating African countries.
The purpose of this study is to assess the safety and immunogenicity of a single dose of Menactra® vaccine to support registration. Primary Objectives: - To describe the antibody titers measured by serum bactericidal activity using baby rabbit complement (SBA-BR) before and after Menactra® vaccination. - To describe the safety profile of participants after one dose of Menactra®.