Mammary Reconstruction Clinical Trial
Official title:
Use of the Venous Coupler in Breast Reconstruction by Means of a Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator: Reduction of Surgery Length and Venous Thromboses ?
This is a retrospective study performed on medical records, in order to compare the number of venous thromboses, the surgery duration, the complications rate and the duration of anastomosis in breast reconstructive surgeries by the DIEP (Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator Flap) technique, with or without the use of a venous coupler.
Breast cancer is the most common and deadliest cancer among women in Belgium. Women with
invasive cancer may be offered a total mastectomy with or without adjuvant/neoadjuvant
therapy, and with or without breast reconstruction. It is obvious that the loss of a breast
can impact the self-image, hence the importance of informing the patient about the
possibilities of breast reconstruction. Between 14 and 20% of women choose to resort to
reconstruction.
Different types of breast reconstruction exist: prosthetic reconstruction, lipolifting and
flap reconstruction (of large dorsal, gluteus maximus, rectus abdominis muscle and "DIEP").
DIEP (Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator Flap) presents numerous advantages. It consists in
the use of a free cutaneo-greasy flap taken from the abdomen, without muscle removed. The
abdominal skin has a similar appearance to the breast skin and, thanks to the presence of
fat, the missing volume is replaced by a living tissue. Weakness of the abdominal wall is
also avoided. However, it remains a surgical procedure with possible complications.
There are several steps in this surgery. The first is to dissect the abdominal flap by
talking the skin and subcutaneous fat and isolating one or two branches of the lower
epigastric artery and one or two veins. The donor area is then closed. The second step is to
prepare the recipient area, ie dissect the artery that will be anastomosed with the lower
deep epigastric artery.This artery can be the intern mammary artery, the thoraco-dorsal
artery or more rarely the axillary artery. The third step consists of performing arterial and
venous anastomoses and checking the quality of these.
Two microanastomoses must thus be performed: arterial and venous. The classic technique, the
most used, is to suture the 2 veins. Alternatively, a coupler device can be used to perform
the venous anastomosis.
It is therefore interesting to compare the classical method and the venous coupler method in
terms of surgery duration, venous thrombosis and complications. If the coupler is proved
effective, it could replace the manual suture.
Venous thrombosis is the main cause of flap failure. But surgery duration has also an impact
on the complication rate, and the anastomosis duration corresponds to the time during which
the flap is not perfused. It is thus necessary to keep it to a minimum in order to reduce the
risk of flap loss.
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