RCT - Epidural Anesthetic Cocktail Following Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy

Lumbar Disc Herniation Clinical Trial

Official title:

Comparative Outcomes of Intraoperative Epidural Application of Anesthetic Cocktail Following Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Recruiting

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT05738759
• Other study ID #: 013/2565
• Status: Recruiting
• Phase: N/A
• Start date: May 1, 2022
• Est. completion date: December 30, 2024

Study information

• Verified date: April 2024
• Source: Queen Savang Vadhana Memorial Hospital, Thailand
• Contact: Surachat Jaroenwareekul, M.D.
• Phone: +66804599680
• Email: surachatjwk[@]gmail.com
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

The study aims to study the effect of intraoperative epidural application of anesthetic cocktail following endoscopic lumbar discectomy in improving postoperative pain, length of hospital stay, time at first dose analgesia, post-operative opioid consumption, functional outcomes, time return to work, and postoperative complications

Description:

This is a randomized controlled trial study the effects of epidural anesthetic cocktail. The cocktail, consists of triamcinolone 40 mg, marcaine 5 mg, and morphine 3 mg, is soaked in the gelfoam size 1x2 cm and applied on the epidura before removal of the endoscope. 54 participants are deivided into two arms, experimental and placebo group, and randomized into the trial. Primary objective is the ODI score from patient-reported function outcome at 3 months with secondary objective as mentioned above.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Recruiting
• Enrollment: 54
• Est. completion date: December 30, 2024
• Est. primary completion date: July 31, 2024
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years to 60 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age 18-60

• Lumbar radiculopathy

• No prior spinal surgery or recurrent lumbar disc herniation

• Plan for endoscopic discectomy after failed conservative for at least 6 weeks

• Single-level herniation confirmed by MRI which correlated with symptoms

Exclusion Criteria:

• Allergic or contraindicated to amide-type anesthesia, opioid, NSAIDs, or steroids

• Cauda equina syndrome

• Concomitant with other abnormalities

• Unable to answer questionnaires

• Cannot tolerate surgery due to medical comorbidities

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Intervertebral Disc Displacement
• Lumbar Disc Herniation

Intervention

Drug:
• Epidural Anesthetic Cocktail
The anesthetic cocktail, consists of triamcinolone 40 mg, marcaine 5 mg, and morphine 3 mg, is soaked in the gelfoam size 1x2 cm and applied on the epidura before removal of the endoscope.
• Placebo
The placebo is soaked with NSS in the gelfoam size 1x2 cm as well and applied on the epidura before removal of the endoscope.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Thailand	Queen Savang Vadhana Memorial Hospital	Chon Buri

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Queen Savang Vadhana Memorial Hospital, Thailand

Country where clinical trial is conducted

Thailand, 

References & Publications (21)

Akinduro OO, Miller BA, Haussen DC, Pradilla G, Ahmad FU. Complications of intraoperative epidural steroid use in lumbar discectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosurg Focus. 2015 Oct;39(4):E12. doi: 10.3171/2015.7.FOCUS15269. — View Citation

Arirachakaran A, Siripaiboonkij M, Pairuchvej S, Setrkraising K, Pruttikul P, Piyasakulkaew C, Kongtharvonskul J. Comparative outcomes of epidural steroids versus placebo after lumbar discectomy in lumbar disc herniation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol. 2018 Dec;28(8):1589-1599. doi: 10.1007/s00590-018-2229-4. Epub 2018 May 29. — View Citation

Bahari S, El-Dahab M, Cleary M, Sparkes J. Efficacy of triamcinolone acetonide and bupivacaine for pain after lumbar discectomy. Eur Spine J. 2010 Jul;19(7):1099-103. doi: 10.1007/s00586-010-1360-7. Epub 2010 Mar 12. — View Citation

Bajwa SJ, Haldar R. Pain management following spinal surgeries: An appraisal of the available options. J Craniovertebr Junction Spine. 2015 Jul-Sep;6(3):105-10. doi: 10.4103/0974-8237.161589. — View Citation

Copay AG, Glassman SD, Subach BR, Berven S, Schuler TC, Carreon LY. Minimum clinically important difference in lumbar spine surgery patients: a choice of methods using the Oswestry Disability Index, Medical Outcomes Study questionnaire Short Form 36, and pain scales. Spine J. 2008 Nov-Dec;8(6):968-74. doi: 10.1016/j.spinee.2007.11.006. Epub 2008 Jan 16. — View Citation

Du JP, Fan Y, Hao DJ, Huang YF, Zhang JN, Yuan LH. Application of Gelatin Sponge Impregnated with a Mixture of 3 Drugs to Intraoperative Nerve Root Block to Promote Early Postoperative Recovery of Lumbar Disc Herniation. World Neurosurg. 2018 Jun;114:e1168-e1173. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2018.03.170. Epub 2018 Mar 31. — View Citation

Elder JB, Hoh DJ, Wang MY. Postoperative continuous paravertebral anesthetic infusion for pain control in lumbar spinal fusion surgery. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2008 Jan 15;33(2):210-8. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e318160447a. — View Citation

Ersayli DT, Gurbet A, Bekar A, Uckunkaya N, Bilgin H. Effects of perioperatively administered bupivacaine and bupivacaine-methylprednisolone on pain after lumbar discectomy. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2006 Sep 1;31(19):2221-6. doi: 10.1097/01.brs.0000232801.19965.a0. — View Citation

Jamjoom BA, Jamjoom AB. Efficacy of intraoperative epidural steroids in lumbar discectomy: a systematic review. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2014 May 5;15:146. doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-15-146. — View Citation

Jirarattanaphochai K, Jung S, Thienthong S, Krisanaprakornkit W, Sumananont C. Peridural methylprednisolone and wound infiltration with bupivacaine for postoperative pain control after posterior lumbar spine surgery: a randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled trial. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2007 Mar 15;32(6):609-16; discussion 617. doi: 10.1097/01.brs.0000257541.91728.a1. — View Citation

Jordan J, Konstantinou K, O'Dowd J. Herniated lumbar disc. BMJ Clin Evid. 2009 Mar 26;2009:1118. — View Citation

Keorochana G, Pairuchvej S, Setrkraising K, Arirachakaran A, Kongtharvonskul J. Comparative Outcomes of Perioperative Epidural Steroids After Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy for Lumbar Disc Herniation: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial. World Neurosurg. 2018 Nov;119:e244-e249. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2018.07.122. Epub 2018 Jul 27. — View Citation

Kjaergaard M, Moiniche S, Olsen KS. Wound infiltration with local anesthetics for post-operative pain relief in lumbar spine surgery: a systematic review. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2012 Mar;56(3):282-90. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.2011.02629.x. Epub 2012 Jan 19. — View Citation

Li K, Ji C, Luo D, Feng H, Yang K, Xu H. Wound infiltration with ropivacaine as an adjuvant to patient controlled analgesia for transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion: a retrospective study. BMC Anesthesiol. 2020 Nov 18;20(1):288. doi: 10.1186/s12871-020-01205-5. — View Citation

McNeill TW, Andersson GB, Schell B, Sinkora G, Nelson J, Lavender SA. Epidural administration of methylprednisolone and morphine for pain after a spinal operation. A randomized, prospective, comparative study. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1995 Dec;77(12):1814-8. doi: 10.2106/00004623-199512000-00004. — View Citation

Mirzai H, Tekin I, Alincak H. Perioperative use of corticosteroid and bupivacaine combination in lumbar disc surgery: a randomized controlled trial. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2002 Feb 15;27(4):343-6. doi: 10.1097/00007632-200202150-00003. — View Citation

Samoladas E, Kapinas A, Papadopoulos DV, Gkiatas I, Papastefanou S, Gelalis ID. Intraoperative epidural application of steroid and local anaesthetic agent following lumbar discectomy: A prospective double blinded randomized controlled trial. J Clin Orthop Trauma. 2019 Oct;10(Suppl 1):S143-S146. doi: 10.1016/j.jcot.2019.03.005. Epub 2019 Mar 12. — View Citation

Sinatra RS, Torres J, Bustos AM. Pain management after major orthopaedic surgery: current strategies and new concepts. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2002 Mar-Apr;10(2):117-29. doi: 10.5435/00124635-200203000-00007. — View Citation

Steel T, Jones R, Crossman J, Sheehy J, Bentivoglio P, Pell M. Intraoperative wound infiltration with bupivacaine in patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery. J Clin Neurosci. 1998 Jul;5(3):298-303. doi: 10.1016/s0967-5868(98)90065-0. — View Citation

Wilder DG, Pope MH, Frymoyer JW. The biomechanics of lumbar disc herniation and the effect of overload and instability. J Spinal Disord. 1988;1(1):16-32. — View Citation

Wilson-Smith A, Chang N, Lu VM, Mobbs RJ, Fadhil M, Lloyd D, Kim S, Phan K. Epidural Steroids at Closure After Microdiscectomy/Laminectomy for Reduction of Postoperative Analgesia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. World Neurosurg. 2018 Feb;110:e212-e221. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2017.10.133. Epub 2017 Nov 1. — View Citation

* Note: There are 21 references in all — Click here to view all references

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Oswestry Disability Index (ODI)	To compare efficacy of patient-reported functional outcomes achieved with epidural cocktail, measured as Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) at 3 months	3rd month
Secondary	Functional Outcomes	ODI, VAS of leg pain, VAS of back pain, Modified Macnab score	POD 1st day, 1st wk, 6th wk, 3th mo, 6th mo, 1st yr
Secondary	Postoperative outcomes	Time at first dose analgesia, Post-op opioid consumption, complication, time return to work	POD 1st day, 1st wk, 6th wk, 3th mo, 6th mo, 1st yr