View clinical trials related to Intraabdominal Infections.
Filter by:Sepsis is defined as systemic response to infection ,and it is a main problem in ICU and despite advance in supportive care, the mortality rate in patients with severe sepsis continues to exceed 30% [Bone RC 1993].The effects of bacterial invasion of body tissues result from combined actions of enzymes and toxins produced by micro-organisms themselves and by a network of proinflammatory mediators and cytokines as tumour necrosis factor α and interleukin 6 which are overexpressed after various noxious insults[P.Delong et al. 2006],[ Yealy et al. 2014]. the patients who are subjected to abdominal surgery in order to treat the cause surgically,and many of these surgical procedures are lengthy and are at risk for either pre-operatively or post-operatively with steady increase in intra-abdominal pressure(IAP) [Malbrain ML et al. 2007] Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) is defined as IAP equal to or greater than 12 mmHg whereas abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) is defined as IAP greater than 20 mmHg, abdominal perfusing pressure (APP) is used to predict prognosis of both IAH and ACS [Malbrain ML et al. 2006]. The choice for using a sedative agent in ICU for mechanically ventilated patients post-operatively is therefore a crucial one as these patients are under hyperstress state and often require drugs for sedation and analgesia[ Chanques G et al. 2006]. Analgesics and sedation agents have clearly been shown to alter cellular function and other mediators of immune system with wide range of immune modulation ,ranging from immunosuppressive effects to significant anti-inflammatory effects during endotoxaemia[ Taniguchi et al. 2004] Also sedation and /or analgesia have the potential to reduce IAP through improvement of abdominal wall compliance. Although propofol and dexmedetomidine are used for sedation in ICU there are limited data on their effects on inflammatory responses and IAP in septic patients. In clinical practice, septic patients treated with dexmedetomidine have shorter time on the ventilator as compared with those treated with lorazepam, a benzodiazepine and this beneficial effect of dexmedetomidine is more pronounced in septic patients than in nonseptic patients. This outcome may be partly the result of dexmedetomidine induced reduction in pulmonary inflammatory mediators and lung tissue damage.[ M. Ueki et al. 2014] Midazolam is known to inhibit certain aspects of the immune function. It was suggested that benzodiazepines bind to specific receptors on macrophages and inhibit their capacity to produce IL-1, IL-6, and TNFα. Propofol, nowadays, has become a preferred sedative in ICU because it offers advantages over benzodiazepines in terms of lack of accumulation, quick onset, easy adjustment, and fast recovery after discontinuation. [ Jacobi J et al. 2002]
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of intravenous sulopenem and oral sulopenem etzadroxil/probenecid in adolescent patients.
A Phase 2, Multi-Center, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Dose-Finding Study Evaluating Efficacy, Safety and Tolerability of Different Doses and Regimens of Allocetra-OTS for the Treatment of Organ Failure in Adult Sepsis Patients
This study focuses on the use of contrast enhanced low-dose CT imaging as a modality to differentiate between uncomplicated and complicated acute appendicitis. Accurate differential diagnosis allows the assessment of all available treatment options. Complicated acute appendicitis requires emergency appendectomy, while uncomplicated acute appendicitis can be safely and efficiently treated with antibiotics in the majority of patients. Our study group already published the results of the initial OPTICAP trial enrolling patients with BMI under 30 showing similar accuracy between the low-dose and the stadard dose CT, but a significant dose reduction associated with the low-dose CT. All patients will undergo both imaging protocols as the standard CT is also optimized for a low as possible radiation dosage and imaging sequence per patient is randomized due to the optimization of contrast media injection timing. All patients participating in this study will be treated operatively with a laparoscopic appendectomy to obtain histological confirmation for the diagnosis to evaluate the accuracy of the CT imaging. The aim of this study is to optimize a well-performing low-dose CT imaging protocol to use in the diagnosis of uncomplicated acute appendicitis in patients with body mass index over 30 kg/m2.
The primary objectives of this study are: - To assess the safety and tolerability of cefiderocol after single-dose administration in hospitalized paediatric participants 3 months to < 18 years of age with suspected or confirmed aerobic Gram-negative bacterial infections - To assess the pharmacokinetics (PK) of cefiderocol after single-dose administration of cefiderocol in hospitalized paediatric participants 3 months to < 18 years of age with suspected or confirmed aerobic Gram-negative bacterial infections - To assess the safety and tolerability of cefiderocol after multiple-dose administration in hospitalized paediatric participants 3 months to < 12 years of age with suspected or confirmed aerobic Gram-negative bacterial infections - To assess the PK of cefiderocol after multiple-dose administration in hospitalized paediatric participants 3 months to < 12 years of age with suspected or confirmed aerobic Gram-negative bacterial infections
Oropharynx is the main source of pathogen microorganisms for the ventilator - associated pneumoniae. As known bacteriophages can eliminate different pathogen microorganisms or reduce a degree of a pathogen's colonization. The research team is considering that oropharyngeal decontamination with bacteriophages can prevent the developing of the ventilator - associated pneumoniae. There will be three groups in this investigation: placebo, antiseptic drug (Octenisept) and bacteriophage (Sexthaphag).
The investigators are suggesting that closed suction systems may reduce the risk of the ventilator - associated pneumoniae (VAP) and the contamination of the closest unanimated surfaces. In 2011 David et al. have shown that closed suction systems might reduce the incidence of the late VAP. Research team is thinking that preventive bundle with closed suction systems can prevent to onset of the VAP. All enrolled patients is randomizing into two groups: control group - conventional suctioning and research group - suctioning with closed suction system.
The overuse of antibiotics is an enormous problem facing the healthcare system both in the United States and across the world. The investigators plan to test the hypothesis that using procalcitonin levels (blood test) to guide the length of antibiotic therapy in patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections leads to shorter antibiotic treatment courses.
DETERMINE trial is a prospective multicenter multinational cohort study. This study will be carried out to predict the risk of bloodstream infections (BSIs) or other types of invasive infection with carbapenem resistant K.pneumoniae in patients being colonized by CRKp. The results of DETERMINE trial would be quite important to prevent unnecessary coverage of carbapenem resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in empirical treatment of colonized patients. In this study, both risk score model and decision tree algorithm will be constructed and compared with each other in terms of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value.
This study will analyze gene expression and other laboratory data from biological samples collected from participants with suspected respiratory, urinary, intra-abdominal, and/or skin & soft tissue infections; or suspected sepsis of any cause.