Outcome
Type |
Measure |
Description |
Time frame |
Safety issue |
Primary |
Acceptability and Feasibility Qualitative Interview |
A semi-structured face to face interview to gather information about participants experiences of the intervention. |
Post Intervention (Start of week 5) |
|
Primary |
Attendance/Attrition Rates |
Attendance/attrition rates as a measure of how acceptable/feasible the intervention is to participants. |
twice a week at each group session for up to three weeks |
|
Secondary |
Distress Tolerance Scale (Simons & Gaher, 2005) |
Assesses perceived ability to cope with unpleasant emotional states. 15 items and responses are measured on a 5-point likert scale ranging from (1) strongly agree to (5) strongly disagree. |
Pre-intervention (day 0), every day during baseline (days 1-7), every day for up to three weeks during intervention (days 8-28), and post-intervention (Start of week 5) |
|
Secondary |
Computerised Mirror tracing persistence task (MTPT-C; Strong et al., 2003) |
The MTPT-C is a computerised version of the MTPT (Quinn et al., 1996) which is a task commonly used to measure behavioural capacity to tolerate distress. The MTPT-C requires the participant to move a red dot along the outline of a star shown on the monitor with their computer mouse. Moving the computer mouse up and to the right will result in the dot moving down and to the left, thus the task simulates the experience of tracing a star as viewed in a mirror. Each time the dot comes out with the outline of the star, a buzzer will sound. There are usually two practice trials to allow participants to orient to the task and three trials lasting 5 minutes each, with each trial becoming increasingly difficult, if not impossible to trace within the line (Daughters et al., 2005). During the final and most challenging trial, participants are given the option to quit by pressing the spacebar at any time. Distress tolerance is measured by time to task termination on the third shape. |
Pre intervention meeting (day 0) and Post intervention (usually start of week 5) |
|
Secondary |
Philadelphia Mindfulness Scale - acceptance subscale (PHLMS; Cardaciotto et al., 2008) |
The PHLMS is a 20-item measure to assess two components of mindfulness: present-moment awareness and acceptance of the present state. Responses are measured on a 5-point likert scale ranging from (1) never to (5) very often. Higher scores on each subscale reflect higher levels of awareness and acceptance. |
Pre-intervention (day 0), every day during baseline (days 1-7), every day for up to three weeks during intervention (days 8-28), and post-intervention (Start of week 5) |
|
Secondary |
The clinical Outcome in Routine Evaluation Outcome Measure (CORE-OM, Evans et al., 2002). |
The CORE-OM is a 34- item global measure of distress comprised of four subscales that assess for: symptoms, subjective wellbeing, functioning, and risk. Responses are measured on a 5-point likert scale ranging from (0) not at all to (4) most or all of the time. Higher scores indicate higher levels of psychological distress. |
Pre intervention (day 0) and post intervention (usually start of week 5) |
|
Secondary |
Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation Questionnaire (CORE-10; Connell & Barkham, 2007). |
A brief version consisting of 10 items that have been drawn from the CORE-OM. The CORE-10 is routinely used in clinical settings as a global measure of distress and assesses for symptoms, subjective wellbeing, functioning, and risk. Responses are measured on a 5-point likert scale ranging from (0) not at all to (4) most or all of the time. Higher scores indicate higher levels of psychological distress. |
Every day during baseline (days 1-7) and every day for up to three weeks during intervention (days 8-28) |
|
Secondary |
Personal Coping Questionnaire (PQ) |
The PQ will be a participant generated list that corresponds to how the participant currently copes when distressed. This list will be generated by asking the participant "what do you do to cope when you are feeling distressed?" The list may include adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies. The participant will then be asked to rate how often they have used each strategy over the last week on a scale of (1) not at all to 5 (every day). |
Pre intervention (day 0) and post intervention (usually start of week 5) |
|
Secondary |
Use of medication as required |
The use of 'medication as required' will be used as a daily behavioural measure of coping. A baseline will be established and then the frequency of 'medication as required' use will be gathered from casenotes throughout the intervention phase. |
Every day during baseline (days 1-7) and every day for up to three weeks during intervention (days 8-28) |
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