Infants Clinical Trial
Official title:
Effect of Shoulder Position and Head Rotation on Size and Relative Position of Internal Jugular Vein to Carotid Artery in Infants and Children
Internal jugular vein (IJV) catheterization is frequently performed in infants undergoing major surgery. Although it has been suggested that head rotation increases the degree of overlapping between IJV and carotid artery (CA), IJV catheterization without head rotation is extremely difficult in infants. The aim of the present study is to evaluate whether the caudo-lateral traction of the ipsilateral arm can decrease the degree of overlapping between IJV and CA in infants during head rotation.
Central venous catheterization is frequently performed in pediatric patients undergoing
major surgery for fluid management and vasoactive drug therapy. Compared to subclavian vein,
internal jugular vein (IJV) is generally preferred for catheterization because of the low
incidence of serious complications, such as pneumothorax and hemothorax. However, especially
in infants, IJV catheterization is still technically difficult because of the small size of
the vein and anatomical variation.
In previous studies, ultrasound guidance and keeping in neutral head position have been
recommended to increase the success rate and to decrease the overlap between carotid artery
(CA) and IJV, respectively. However, devices for ultrasonography are not always available.
Moreover, IJV catheterization without head rotation could be extremely difficult in infants
because of relative the larger skull and the smaller neck than those of adults. Therefore, a
simple method to relieve the overlap between CA and IJV would be needed.
During head rotation to the contralateral side, the cephalic part of IJV is moved to the
same direction. Accordingly, the investigators thought that the counter traction of the
caudal part of IJV using the caudo-lateral traction of the ipsilateral arm might relieve the
overlap caused from head rotation. Therefore, the investigators evaluated the effect of the
caudo-lateral traction of the ipsilateral arm on the overlap between common CA and IJV in
infants.
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Allocation: Randomized, Endpoint Classification: Efficacy Study, Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment, Masking: Single Blind (Outcomes Assessor)
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