View clinical trials related to Infant, Premature, Diseases.
Filter by:Oral feeding in the neonatal period requires an accurate coordination between suction, swallowing and breathing. In premature new-borns and, depending on their gestational age, the coordinated work of those processes becomes jeopardised, being necessary to begin with an artificial enteral feeding. This situation results in lengthen their stay at the hospital until they are able to respond in a reliable way to their nutritional requirements orally, maintaining an adequate daily weight gain and without endangering their cardiorespiratory system. This project is an experimental, prospective, blinded, randomized study, aimed to determine whether the application of a manual oral stimulation protocol in premature infants, hospitalized in a neonatal unit, reduces the transition time from enteral feeding to oral full feeding, while improves quality of feeding and shortens hospitalization time.
Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is used in premature infants to maintain lungs open and facilitate gas exchange. When ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) mismatch is present, areas of the lung that are open for gas exchange do not match up with the areas of the lung that are receiving blood for gas exchange. This study measure the responsiveness of V/Q mismatch to changes in the amount (or level) of CPAP.
Preterms are usually fed with intervals of either two or three hours during their stay in neonatal intensive care unit. Recommendations of World Health Organization about feeding regimens, 3-hourly for infants 1500 - 2000 gr, and 2-hourly for infants 1000 - 1500 gr, are not proposed with regards to results of randomized controlled trials. Investigators aimed to investigate the impact of 2-hourly feeding on time of transition from orogastric to oral feeding.
This study will compare a newborn heart rate sensor (HeartLight) that is integrated into a hat with other common forms of heart rate monitoring such as electrocardiography (ECG), stethoscope and pulse oximetry (PO) in newborn babies. This will help to evaluate the new heart rate sensor's reliability and accuracy.
Trial purpose: For infants born <28 weeks of age, can initial respiratory resuscitation with new system (low imposed work of breathing and prongs) reduce the frequency of delivery room intubations compared to standard treatment with T-piece resuscitator system (high imposed work of breathing and face mask)? Trial summary: This is a randomised controlled trial of delivery room intubation rates comparing a new system and T-piece resuscitation system for initial stabilisation of infants born <28 weeks.
Delayed clamping of the umbilical cord (DCC) has been shown to have some benefits for preterm infants. Initiation of breathing before cord clamping is also thought to be beneficial. Since some preterm infants do not breathe well on their own immediately after birth, assisting ventilation during delayed cord clamping might have additional benefit beyond DCC alone. "VentFirst Pilot" will assess feasibility and safety of assisting ventilation of preterm infants during 90 seconds of DCC which is essential before proceeding to a randomized clinical trial.
This is a single-assignment study to evaluate whether Omegaven (IV fish oil) is effective at treating liver disease in children on long-term IV nutrition.
Immature gastrointestinal functions increase the risk of poor growth as well as nosocomial infections and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in the preterm infant. The effects of probiotics on growth and development in premature infants have been investigated poorly. Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 (S. boulardii) is a non-pathogenic probiotic yeast. Prophylactic supplementation of S. boulardii at a dose of 50 mg/kg twice a day appeared to bring preterm infants weight gain closer to that of intra-uterine growth rate, reduce feeding intolerance, and had no adverse effects.
Human milk is the best source of enteral nutrition for the preterm infant. However during the infants first hours and days of life breastmilk from the own mother is usually not available. Until May 2012 the practice in the Neonatal Division of the Department of Pediatrics /Medical University Vienna was to start with formula feedings within the first 6 hours of life of a premature infant and switch over to breastmilk as soon it was available. In June 2012 the investigators changed this feeding regimen and started to use single donor milk of mothers of preterm infants for the first hours and days of the preterm infants life. In a prospective observational study the investigators evaluated the impact of single donor milk from preterm infants on time to full enteral feedings, gastrointestinal tolerance and NEC incidence in preterm infants with a birthweight below 1500 grams and a gestational below 32 weeks. Data will be compared with a historical control group starting with preterm formula as source of enteral nutrition. The investigators hypothesize that starting enteral nutrition with single donor milk of mothers from preterm infants with shorten time to full enteral feedings.
In this study, the investigators investigated the effect of probiotic use on colonization of resistant microorganisms in newborn preterm infants receiving antibiotics. This study of the use of probiotics in preterm neonates in neonatal intensive care units expect to prevent colonization by resistant microorganisms.