Indication, Unlabeled Clinical Trial
Official title:
Clinical Evaluation of 4D Flow Cardiac MRI Sequences - A Prospective Exploratory Study
Assess the accuracy of 4D flow cardiac MRI to measure blood flow and velocity, delineate 3D cardiac anatomy and visualize flow dynamics using two (2) different pulse sequences.
Advances in pediatric (cardiac) surgery, interventional techniques and medical care have
improved survival for children born with congenital heart disease. Assessment of blood flow
and pressures within the heart plays an integral role in the management of patients with
congenital or acquired structural heart disease aiding with diagnoses, surveillance for
complications, in relation to surgical or catheter procedures, and for therapeutic decision
making. Current gold standard, direct intracardiac measurement of flow and pressures is an
invasive procedure, while non-invasive echography-Doppler is limited by poor acoustic windows
and operator dependency.
Therefore, cardiac MRI (cMRI) has been recommended as an important alternative in imaging of
pediatric heart disease. Current clinical standard for MR flow imaging is 2-dimensional
providing flow in a single cross-sectional plane. Current clinical CMR protocols in pediatric
congenital heart disease are time consuming, depend on technician's experience and require
direct supervision by an experienced cardiovascular imaging specialist. 4D Flow is a new
approach for cMRI that might overcome these disadvantages. It allows scanning of the entire
chest in approximately 7 minutes (depending on field of view, heart rate and resolution). The
images can be off-line reconstructed in any plane, avoiding the need to precisely define
crosssectional planes during acquisition for each vessel. Owing to time resolved
visualizations of intracardiac flow dynamics occult jets or dynamic jets might be more likely
to be detected. Potential disadvantages, rsp. potential advantages to be confirmed include
lower temporal resolution of 4D sequences than current 2D sequences, unknown consequences of
gradient artefacts induced by new velocity encoding schemes and diagnostic plausibility of
disease related image features .
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