View clinical trials related to Immunodeficiency.
Filter by:The first version of this preprint article is registered on the 4th of May 2020 under the digital object identifier of:10.31219/osf.io/u56fc. COVID-19 infections virus spread worldwide and impact many countries with sever economical sequences. The effective antiviral medication or vaccination for the virus is unavailable until the present date and it takes months or years to discover the effective treatment or test the efficacy of the discovered treatment. Based on these facts, the human immune system against the virus may have an effective role to regulate the infection and reduce the mortality rate among the infected patients. This proposed research article aims to explore the available medication/ natural supplementation to boost the immunity system of the patients against COVID-19 infections and reduce the mortality rate among infected patients. Methods: a proposed clinical trial will be carried out to investigate the effect of the different treatment modalities on the human immune system against COVID-19 infection.
Aging populations experience a decline in adaptive immune system function also known as immunosenesence. Nutritional approaches to stimulate and strengthen the immune system are needed for this growing segment of the population. A controlled, randomized, double blind pilot study was conducted using two different protein sources as nutritional supplementation to enhance vaccine response. Our objective was to examine the immune stimulating effects of dairy protein subjected to ultraviolet radiation (UV-C) radiation treatment process instead of pasteurization. Participants were 21 healthy individuals over 60 years of age who consumed 6 g of the dairy protein or a comparison, soy isoflavone protein, twice a day for eight weeks. DTaP vaccine administered at week 4. Non-parametric t-tests revealed a significant increase in Tetanus antibodies in the dairy group compared to the soy group at week 8. These findings suggest additional benefits of UV-C treated unheated dairy protein as a solution to counteract immunosenescence, but warrant further study in elderly and other populations that might benefit from immune system stimulation.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the immune responses associated with Epstein-Barr virus infections, and to find out the possible immunodeficiency that may be linked to severe Epstein-Barr virus infections.
Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) efficiently suppress viral replication in majority of AIDS patients. The morbidity and mortality of the disease has dramatically decreased over the past 20 years. However, chronic human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection lead to profound immune defects in some advanced AIDS patients who often develop with severe opportunistic infections (OIs), severe cachexia and other deadly complications, which accounts for the major death group even under cART. Up-to-date, there are no effective immune interventions to restore host holistic immunity for advanced AIDS patients.
Death in Ataxia telangiectasia (A-T) is usually due to cancer or chronic lung failure around 20 years of age. Despite low lymphocyte counts (CD3, CD4, CD8 and CD19), IgA and IgG subclass deficiency opportunistic and acute severe respiratory infections are rare. The prevailing wisdom is that an immunoglobulin replacement therapy is not necessary in most of the patients. However no placebo controlled trials have been performed so far. The aim of this trial was to investigate the prevalence of mild and severe respiratory infections and / or chronic cough in classical A-T patients compared to healthy controls.
Low birth weight (LBW) status (< 10% for gestational age at birth) is associated with increased risk for diseases such as type II diabetes mellitus, hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and coronary artery disease in adults, and represents one example of the "fetal onset of adult disease" hypothesis. Recent data strongly associates LBW status with impaired innate and adaptive immunity leading to increased risk for severe infections during adolescence or early adulthood. Animal studies suggest that the ratio of certain B lymphocyte subpopulations, the B1a and B1b cells, determines whether deficits in immunity occur. This study will determine the ratio of B1b to B1a lymphocyte subpopulations in the cord blood of infants born LBW in the late preterm to term gestations (> 34 weeks at birth) and compare those ratios with those of normal birth weight (NBW) controls in a nested case control study design. Furthermore, animal studies suggest that the expression patterns of CD5 and CD19 proteins determines the cellular phenotype of the B lymphocyte, that of a B1a or a B1b cell, and that the regulatory regions controlling their expression are epigenetically vulnerable. The investigators will therefore isolate DNA and RNA from both B lymphocyte subpopulations and determine whether epigenetic changes to the regulatory regions of the genes coding for CD5 and CD19 protein expression occur in LBW lymphocyte subpopulations as compared to the lymphocytes from NBW infants. This proposal will be the first human study to examine epigenetic determination of a maladaptive phenotype following LBW status at birth in a specific cell type leading to a specific impairment of innate and adaptive immunity.
Background: - Stem cells are immature blood cells that grow in the bone marrow and produce all of the cells needed for normal blood and immunity. Stem cells can be taken from one person (donor) and given to another person (recipient) through allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Donor stem cells can then replace the recipients stem cells in the bone marrow, restoring normal blood production and immunity. Most allogeneic transplants now use stem cells collected from the donors blood in a process called peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. - Monocytopenia and mycobacterial infection (MonoMAC) is an immunodeficiency disease that is characterized by a lack of monocytes, a type of white blood cell, and an increased risk of developing mycobacteria infections that may cause tuberculosis. - Allogeneic stem cell transplantation has been used successfully to treat many kinds of immune diseases and cancers that develop in blood or immune system cells. Researchers have been studying a particular kind of stem cell transplantation that uses lower than usual doses of chemotherapy and particular combinations of drugs to improve the results of the procedure for patients with blood-related cancers and pre-cancerous conditions. Objectives: - To determine the safety and efficacy of reduced-intensity hematopoietic stem cell transplants (a particular stem cell transplantation procedure) for treating MonoMAC. Eligibility: - Patients 18-60 years of age who have MonoMAC and who have been matched with a suitable stem cell donor. Design: - Donors and recipients will undergo separate procedures as part of this protocol. - Donors: - National Institutes of Health researchers will take the donor s medical history, perform a physical exam, take blood samples, and explain the procedure. Tests will be performed to check the donors heart, lung, kidney, and liver function. - Donors will receive injections of a drug called filgrastim (G-CSF), which causes stem cells to travel from bone marrow into blood. The G-CSF shots will be given for 5 to 7 days before the collection procedure. - Donors will undergo apheresis to collect white blood cells and stem cells directly from the blood, which can be done as an outpatient procedure. Researchers may consider the alternative of directly collecting bone marrow from the donor, which will require an overnight hospital stay. - Recipients: - Recipients will receive 3 days of pre-transplant chemotherapy and radiation therapy to prepare for the transplant. For 4 days before the transplant, recipients will receive the chemotherapy drug fludarabine, followed by a single dose of radiation therapy, and will also receive the drugs tacrolimus and sirolimus to prevent the donor cells from attacking the recipient s normal tissues. - Recipients will then receive the transplant of donor stem cells and will continue to receive tacrolimus and sirolimus for 3 months after the transplant to prevent the donor cells from attacking the recipient s normal tissues. Recipients will be discharged from the hospital once their condition is stable. - Recipients will visit the NCI clinic regularly for the first 5 months after the transplant, and then less often for at least 5 years. Recipients may receive additional donor immune cells (donor lymphocyte infusion) after the transplant if the study doctors believe they are needed.
These studies are designed to evaluate the relative efficiency of gene transfer into primitive human hematopoietic cells by comparing lentiviral and foamy virus vectors as vehicles for transfer and expression of globin genes. Normal volunteers will serve as research participants. Each will receive a 4 day course of Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) after which a peripheral blood apheresis will be performed to recover a mononuclear cell population enriched in primitive hematopoietic cells. The stem and progenitor cells will be purified by selection based on expression of the CD34 antigen. The CD34+ population will be cultured in vitro with various cytokines and transduced with vector particles. The efficiency of gene transfer will be evaluated in the transduced CD34+ population, in progenitors contained within that population by culture in semisolid media and in cells capable of establishing human hematopoiesis in immunodeficient mice. The level of transgene expression will be evaluated in mature hematopoietic lineages that develop in vitro or in immunodeficient mice.