Non-concealed Placebo Treatment for Menopausal Hot Flushes

Hot Flashes Clinical Trial

Official title:

Non-concealed Placebo Treatment for Menopausal Hot Flushes

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT03838523
• Other study ID #: 1705-100
• Status: Completed
• Phase: N/A
• Start date: February 12, 2019
• Est. completion date: March 5, 2020

Study information

• Verified date: February 2021
• Source: Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

It has been long viewed that placebos cannot be administered in accordance with ethical values because deception is instrumental to the placebo effect. This notion has been shaken up by studies on open-label placebos, showing that placebos can lead to positive effects even though their inert nature is disclosed.

Beneficial effects of double-blind placebos were found to be high in hot flush trials.

The objective of the study is to determine whether an open-label placebo (OLP) treatment is efficacious in alleviating hot flushes and bother among peri- and postmenopausal women.

Description:

Beneficial effects of double-blind placebos were found to be high in hot flush trials. Recent studies demonstrating the efficacy of placebos without concealment provide a possible way to administer placebos in accordance with ethical and clinical values.

The objective of the study is to determine whether an open-label placebo (OLP) treatment is efficacious in alleviating hot flushes and bother among peri- and postmenopausal women.

In this assessor-blinded, randomized-controlled trial, women with ≥5 daily moderate to severe hot flushes of at least moderate bother are assigned 1:1 to a 4-week OLP treatment or no treatment. Both groups are informed about study objectives including a briefing about the inert nature of placebo pills, why OLP might be effective and the importance of the control group. To explore the duration and maintenance of placebo effects, participants in the OLP group are randomized a second time and divided into two subgroups who either discontinue (OLP 4wk) or continue the OLP treatment (OLP 8wk) for another 4 weeks. All participants receive three study visits: at enrolment, baseline (1 week later), and at post-treatment. A fourth study visit is conducted at 8-week follow-up with the two subgroups OLP 4wk and OLP 8wk. Qualitative interviews about subjective experiences with the OLP treatment are conducted with n = 8 women.

This trial will contribute to the evaluation of OLP treatments in clinical practice and further our understanding about the magnitude of placebo effects in hot flush treatments.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 100
• Est. completion date: March 5, 2020
• Est. primary completion date: February 2, 2020
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: Female
• Age group: 18 Years and older

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• at least 5 moderate or severe hot flushes per day, including night time

• all hot flushes have at least moderate ratings of bother (sum score = 16 on the bother subscale of the Hot Flush Rating Scale (HFRS) [41]

• fluency in German language

• participants are in menopausal transition (irregularities = 60 days in the past year), or postmenopausal (cessation of menstruation = 1 year) [42].

Exclusion Criteria:

• use of hormonal therapy to treat hot flushes within the last 6 weeks before enrolment

• use of herbal remedies to treat hot flushes within the last 6 weeks before enrolment

• intake of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) or serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRI) within the last 6 weeks before enrolment

• previous oophorectomy

• severe physical or cognitive impairments which would constitute a barrier to give informed consent

• severe depression and anxiety (= 9 sum score or = 5 depression or anxiety subscore on the Patient Health Questionnaire-4)

• medical conditions which might interact with menopausal hot flushes such as untreated hyperthyroidism, alcohol abuse (excluded when =4 on AUDIT-C) and cancer

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Hot Flashes

Intervention

Other:
• Open Label Placebo
See group description

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Germany	University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf	Hamburg

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf

Country where clinical trial is conducted

Germany, 

References & Publications (5)

Geisser ME, Clauw DJ, Strand V, Gendreau MR, Palmer R, Williams DA. Contributions of change in clinical status parameters to Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC) scores among persons with fibromyalgia treated with milnacipran. Pain. 2010 May;149(2):373-378. doi: 10.1016/j.pain.2010.02.043. Epub 2010 Mar 23. — View Citation

Guttuso T Jr, Kurlan R, McDermott MP, Kieburtz K. Gabapentin's effects on hot flashes in postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial. Obstet Gynecol. 2003 Feb;101(2):337-45. — View Citation

Hunter MS, Liao KL. A psychological analysis of menopausal hot flushes. Br J Clin Psychol. 1995 Nov;34(4):589-99. — View Citation

Hunter, M. S. The women's health questionnaire: A measure of mid-aged women's perceptions of their emotional and physical health. Psychology & Health, 7(1), 45-54, 1992.

Shin H, Shin HS. Measurement of quality of life in menopausal women: a systematic review. West J Nurs Res. 2012 Jun;34(4):475-503. doi: 10.1177/0193945911402848. Epub 2011 Mar 25. Review. — View Citation

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Difference in hot flush composite score	The group difference between OLP and no-treatment regarding frequency x severity of hot flushes as assessed by a portable paper diary in which participants record number and severity of hot flushes in realtime	4 weeks
Primary	Bother by hot flushes	The group difference between OLP and no-treatment regarding bother by hot flushes as assessed by the Hot Flush Rating Scale (Hunter & Liao, 1995). A sum score is calculated which ranges from 3 to 30 with higher scores indicating larger bother by hot flushes.	4 weeks
Secondary	Hot flush frequency	The group difference between OLP and no-treatment regarding the frequency of hot flushes as assessed by the diary	4 weeks
Secondary	Health-related quality of life	The group difference between OLP and no-treatment regarding health-related quality of life as assessed by the Women's Health Questionnaire (WHQ; Hunter, 1992; Shin & Shin, 2012). Using the 37-item version of the WHQ, 8 subscales are calculated: Depressed mood, somatic symptoms, memory/concentration, vasomotor symptoms, anxiety/fears, sexual behaviour, sleep problems, and attractiveness. Although part of the questionnaire, we will not analyze the menstrual symptoms scale given that most women in our sample would be post-menopausal. Higher scores indicate better quality of life (e.g., higher scores in sexual behavior indicate that loss of sexual interest and sexual dissatisfaction is not experienced). Scores for each subscale range from 0 (poor health status) to 100 (good health status).	4 weeks
Secondary	Global improvement	The group difference between OLP and no-treatment regarding global improvement as assessed by the Patient Global Impression of Change (Geisser et al. 2010; Guttoso et al. 2003)	4 weeks
Secondary	Number of responders at week 4	The group difference between OLP and no-treatment regarding number of responders at week 4 (=50% in hot flush frequency at 4 weeks from baseline)	4 weeks