HIV-1 Infection Clinical Trial
Official title:
A Pilot Study of Rifaximin as a Modulator of Gut Microbial Translocation and Systemic Immune Activation in HIV-Infected Individuals With Incomplete CD4+ T-cell Recovery on Antiretroviral Therapy
This study is being done to see whether rifaximin, an antibiotic that works in the intestines, can lower the amount of germs in the intestines of HIV infected persons. It is possible that when the amount of these germs is lowered, an HIV-infected person's immune system will become less active and will have a better chance of recovering. Also, the study will evaluate the safety of using rifaximin in HIV-infected subjects.
A5286 is a randomized, open-label, two-arm, pilot (phase II) study that evaluated whether 4
weeks of treatment with rifaximin, a non-absorbable antibiotic, decreases markers of immune
activation and levels of translocated gut microbial products in HIV-1 infected subjects
virally suppressed on ART with CD4+ T-cells < 350 cells/mm^3. Rifaximin were admistered to
subjects for 3 weeks. Follow-up continued to week 12. The total sample size was 73 subjects.
Subjects were randomized at a 2:1 ratio (rifaximin: no study treatment), using permuted
blocks, without institutional balancing.
Subjects were seen through week 12 for clinical and laboratory evaluations, including plasma
HIV-1 RNA, CD4+ T-cell count, and safety laboratories. Subjects had 2 baseline visits -- at
pre-entry and entry. Study visits were scheduled at weeks 2, 4, 8, and 12. CD4+ T-cell counts
and HIV-1 RNA were measured at all weeks; measures of activations, gut-homing markers, and
soluble biomarkers were also performed at all weeks.
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