Health Communication Clinical Trial
Official title:
Information Visualizations to Facilitate Patient-provider Communication in HIV Care: Info Viz HIV
To complete the study aims, a mixed methods study that includes a single group pretest-posttest study design will be used to pilot test the infographic intervention. In-depth interviews will be completed with a selection of participants to explore participant perceptions of HIV-related communication using infographics. Data will be collected from participants through baseline (at enrollment) and follow up assessments (at 3-, 6-, and 9-month follow up visits). Follow up interviews will be conducted with the providers involved in the intervention to ascertain their perspectives on the clinical utility of infographics.
The Caribbean has among the highest HIV prevalence in the world. Regionally, the majority of
HIV/AIDS cases are located on the island of Hispaniola, comprised of the Dominican Republic
(DR) and Haiti. Due to a large international response and widespread availability of
antiretroviral therapy (ART), in recent years the incidence of HIV in the DR has declined and
prevalence hovers around 1% in the general population. The effective and long-term management
of this condition depends on infected individuals being able to acquire ART and apply the
learned information and self-management skills that lead to optimal adherence.
HIV-related disparities exist in developing countries, such as the DR, where minority groups
and/or those with low socioeconomic status experience higher disease burdens and worse health
outcomes than those with higher socioeconomic status. These disparities may be exacerbated
when individuals are unable to understand the health information, as low health literacy has
been associated with worse health outcomes, less use of healthcare services, poorer knowledge
of illness, and worse self-management. The effective management of HIV requires patients to
acquire, comprehend, and use large amounts of complex information, including how to manage
variations in health status, medications and their side effects, nutrition and exercise
needs, and healthy coping. Health care providers can help patients understand pertinent
health information by offering it in targeted, culturally-, language-, and
literacy-appropriate ways.
One such strategy is to use infographics to assist communication through visual
representations of information. Participatory design of infographics supports presentation of
information in a culturally appropriate and visually appealing format which can improve
information understanding, health behaviors, attention span, and ability to recall
information. It is critical to develop and test methods to improve the way health information
is delivered to patients in these clinical contexts so patients, including those with low
health literacy, can acquire and comprehend the information needed to improve self-management
behavior and treatment outcomes.
Preliminary studies showed many persons living with HIV (PLWH) attending Clínica de Familia
La Romana do not fully comprehend and use the health information they receive through current
modalities. In response, culturally relevant, evidence-based infographics to improve
information delivery during clinical visits were developed with a participatory design
methodology (manuscript under review). The next phase of this study is to rigorously assess
if using these infographics is a feasible, acceptable, and efficacious method to enhance
HIV-related clinician-patient communication and lead to improved patient outcomes.
Additionally, a thorough exploration into the cultural factors of patient-provider
communication in the Dominican Republic that can influence infographic use for
clinician-patient communication in a clinical setting is warranted.
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