Health Behaviour Clinical Trial
Official title:
Personalized Nutrition in Young Adults: The Ability of Genetic Information to Motivate Changes in Omega-3 Consumption
There are many health benefits associated with the consumption of omega-3 dietary fats.
Omega-3 fats, specifically eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), can be
found in marine food products such as fatty fish, in fortified products such as eggs and
milk, or in dietary supplements such as fish oil. Despite numerous health benefits, it is
well documented that most people in Western society are not meeting the recommended daily
amounts of EPA and DHA omega-3 fats.
The overall objective of this study is to examine whether providing young adults (18-25
years) with personal genetic information changes behavior with regards to omega-3 fat
consumption. In order to achieve this objective, study participants will be divided into two
groups: 1. Genetic and 2. Non-Genetic. The Genetic Group will be provided with their
personalized information regarding a common gene variant in addition to general information
regarding the health benefits of omega-3 fats, while the Non-Genetic Group will only receive
the general information. Primary outcomes studied will include dietary habits and secondary
outcomes include blood markers of cardiometabolic health.
There are many health benefits associated with the consumption of omega-3 dietary fats.
Omega-3 fats, specifically eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), can be
found in marine food products such as fatty fish, in fortified products such as eggs and
milk, or in dietary supplements such as fish oil. Despite numerous health benefits, it is
well documented that most people in Western society are not meeting the recommended daily
amounts of EPA and DHA omega-3 fats.
The numerous health benefits associated with omega-3 fats are well documented in scientific
literature; however, there are a limited number of studies focused on the health effects of
omega-3 fats in emerging adults (18-25 years). Indeed, most research to date has been
conducted in older adults, with or without hyperlipidemia. In addition, it is important to
consider interventions in emerging adults given that behaviours learned in this life stage
can persist later in life. It has also been reported that the diet quality (i.e., amount of
fruits, vegetables, whole grains, etc.) is reduced for individuals within this age range;
thus highlighting another important reason for targeting this demographic.
The combination of genetic and dietary information (i.e., nutrigenetics) has the potential to
not only benefit basic research, but also the general population. Therefore, more research is
needed to determine if providing individuals with their genetic information has the potential
to encourage behaviour changes. So far, several studies have investigated how people may
change their behaviour in response to genetic risk information, but none have conducted a
nutrigenetic intervention examining if providing personal genetic information alters diet
behaviours.
The overall objective of this study is to examine whether providing emerging adults with
personal genetic information changes their behavior with regards to omega-3 consumption. In
order to achieve this objective, study participants will be divided into two groups: 1.
Genetic and 2. Non-genetic. The Genetic group will be provided with their personal
information for a common gene variant in addition to general information regarding the health
benefits of omega-3 fats, while the Non-genetic group will only receive the general
information. Primary outcomes studied will include dietary habits and secondary outcomes
include blood markers of cardiometabolic health.
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