Diffusion MRI for Head and Neck Cancer

Head Cancer Neck Clinical Trial

Official title:

Assessment of the Role of Diffusion MRI Changes During Chemoradiation Treatment of Head and Neck Cancer

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Active, not recruiting

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT04251481
• Other study ID #: 18-01454
• Status: Active, not recruiting
• Phase: N/A
• Start date: October 16, 2019
• Est. completion date: October 2024

Study information

• Verified date: March 2024
• Source: NYU Langone Health
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

The proposed study is to investigate the feasibility of using quantitative diffusion MRI (dMRI) methods for accurate and comprehensive assessment of treatment response. dMRI is a powerful tool to probe treatment-induced change in tumors. It is a unique in vivo imaging technique sensitive to cellular microstructures at the scale of water diffusion length on the order of a few microns. Previous studies have shown that both diffusion coefficient D and diffusional kurtosis coefficient K are promising imaging markers of (i) cell viability which can be used for evaluation of early treatment response. However, it is often underappreciated that these dMRI metrics are not fixed constants, but rather functions of the diffusion time t, D(t) and K(t); their t-dependency is determined by tissue properties, such as cell size and membrane permeability of tissue. D(t) and K(t) of tumors can vary substantially depending on t in the range of diffusion times (30-100 ms) typically used in clinical scan.

Description:

This study will investigate the t-dependency of dMRI over a range of diffusion times (30-500 ms) to determine an optimal diffusion time for treatment response assessment when only one diffusion time needs to be used, particularly in routine clinical studies. Furthermore, the data with multiple diffusion times will also be used to measure the water exchange time of cancer cells. Exchange time has been studied using Dynamic Contrast Enhanced (DCE) MRI by multiple groups including ours, and has been suggested as a marker of (ii) cellular metabolism that regulates the ATP-dependent ion channels co-transporting water molecules. The study will measure with dMRI, without using a contrast agent. The investigators also demonstrated that Intra-Voxel Incoherent Motion (IVIM) MRI metrics (pseudo diffusivity, Dp; perfusion fraction, fp), from multiple b-values at a fixed diffusion time, can be used to assess the perfusion status of tumor and they are also associated with tumor interstitial fluid pressure. The IVIM effect has been observed in various cancer types (33-39) and animal tumor models. The product fp*Dp - a quantity including both blood volume and velocity information - is considered as a parameter analogous to (iii) perfusion flow .

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Active, not recruiting
• Enrollment: 8
• Est. completion date: October 2024
• Est. primary completion date: October 2024
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years and older

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

ARM 1

• Treatment-naïve HNSCC patients with metastatic lymph nodes prior to surgery or chemoradiation therapy

• Age 18 or older

• Subjects without capacity to consent will not be enrolled.

• Subjects will be asked to verbalize understanding of the key elements, for non-English speaking patients, institutional translation services will be utilized.

ARM 2

• Treatment-naïve HNSCC patients with metastatic lymph nodes who will undergo standard-of-care chemoradiation therapy

• Age 18 or older

• Subjects without capacity to consent will not be enrolled.

• Subjects will be asked to verbalize understanding of the key elements, for non-English speaking patients, institutional translation services will be utilized.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Subjects who have the following contraindications to MRI:

• Electrical implants such as cardiac pacemakers or perfusion pumps

• Ferromagnetic implants such as aneurysm clips, surgical clips, prostheses, artificial heart, valves with steel parts, metal fragments, shrapnel, bullets, tattoos near the eye, or steel implants

• History of seizures

• Patients with GFR < 15 ml/min/1.73m2 or who are on dialysis will be excluded from the study.

• Subjects who are pregnant

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Head and Neck Neoplasms
• Head Cancer Neck

Intervention

Radiation:
• PET/MRI with FDG
For the PET/MRI scans, an intravenous (IV) catheter (thin tube) will be used to administer dyes (contrast) for both the MRI and PET portions of the examination. The dye for the PET portion will be 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG). FDG is an FDA-approved radioactive substance (isotope) that contains chemicals that can be traced by PET/MRI. The dye for the MRI portion will be a gadolinium based contrast medium which is also an FDA-approved substance that makes certain tissues, abnormalities or disease processes more clearly visible on MRI scans. MRI uses a strong magnetic field to create images of the body. Subjects will be asked to lie on a table that will slide into the scanner; Wear earplugs to reduce the noise made by the MRI scanner and lie still throughout the time in the scanner.
• MRI scan without contrast
MRI uses a strong magnetic field to create images of the body. Subjects will be asked to lie on a table that will slide into the scanner to scan the neck ; Wear earplugs to reduce the noise made by the MRI scanner and lie still throughout the time in the scanner.
• MRI with gadolinium
For the MRI scans, an intravenous (IV) catheter (thin tube) will be used to administer dyes (contrast) for MR scans. The dye for the MRI will be a gadolinium based contrast medium which is also an FDA-approved substance that makes certain tissues, abnormalities or disease processes more clearly visible on MRI scans. MRI uses a strong magnetic field to create images of the body. Subjects will be asked to lie on a table that will slide into the scanner; Wear earplugs to reduce the noise made by the MRI scanner and lie still throughout the time in the scanner.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
United States	NYU Langone	New York	New York
United States	Weill Cornell Medical College	New York	New York

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
NYU Langone Health

Country where clinical trial is conducted

United States, 

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Intra-class Correlation (ICC)	Estimated components from a random effects model in each dMRI measure will be used to compute intra-class correlation as estimates of repeatability of each measure.	6 weeks
Primary	Intra-subject Coefficient of Variation (CV)	Estimated components from a random effects model in each dMRI measure will be used to compute intra-subject coefficient of variation as estimates of repeatability of each measure.	6 weeks
Primary	Overall Response Rate (ORR)	Binary classification of treatment response as complete response (CR) versus partial response (PR) for participants at the end of the chemoradiation therapy assessed by clinical/radiological reports. CR will include the cases with complete disappearance of any clinically detectable tumor mass, while PR will include cases with stable disease and progressive disease.	6 weeks
Secondary	Progression-Free Survival (PFS)	Binary indicator of whether patients showed progression-free survival at 2 years post treatment on the standard-of-care follow-up exams. PFS is the length of time that a patient lives with the disease but it does not get worse.	2 Years Post-Treatment