View clinical trials related to Gut Microbiota.
Filter by:The objective of this study is to determine the effect of wheat enriched in resistant starch (RS) on the generation of fermentation products by the lower gut microbes, the fecal microbiota profile, intestinal metabolites, and the glycemic response to a test meal compared to regular wheat.
The purpose of this trial is to investigate comprehensively the effect of riboflavin supplementation on the abundance of F. prausnitzii and on other members of the gut microbiota in faeces of healthy volunteers. Additionally it will be assessed whether riboflavin supplementation affects the abundance of potentially pathogenic bacteria such as adherent invasive E. coli (AIEC). Finally, the effect of riboflavin supplementation on the production of Short Chain Fatty Acids, the release of gut hormones and potential changes in glucose homeostasis and appetite perception will be assessed.
The composition and metabolism of human gut microbiota play crucial roles in health. Microbial colonisation of the gastrointestinal tract varies widely, with the large intestine having not only the highest density of microbes in terms of bacterial cells per gram but also the most metabolically active microbial community. Genetics, mode of birth, infant feeding patterns, antibiotic usage, sanitary living conditions and long term dietary habits contribute towards shaping the composition of the gut microbiome. Diet clearly has a major impact on variation in the gut microbiota composition, and this can be detected in faecal samples after only a few days. The bacterial metabolism of dietary components produces much chemical diversity in the large intestine with protective or detrimental effects on disease development. Dietary protein levels are relatively high in western European populations, up to 103g/d, as reported by Food and Agriculture Organization. This may result in high levels, entering the large gut where it can become a substrate for proteolytic bacteria. Protein specifically can provide nutrition for microorganisms but metabolites from bacterial protein breakdown can be detrimental. Protein intake from the diet might not be the only source of microbial proteolysis; the human body also secretes considerable amounts of protein into the digestive lumen which can potentially be used by the microflora. On the contrary, end products of carbohydrate metabolism can be positive for health. In this context, prebiotics are carbohydrates that are resistant to digestion and can become available for bacteria in the colon to produce short chain fatty acids and inhibit the production of harmful metabolites. A switch towards more carbohydrate metabolism in the colon, at the expense of proteolysis therefore has positive capacity through the production of more benign metabolites. Rationale for design Prebiotics are dietary ingredients that target carbohydrate digesting bacteria only. Given the high intake levels of protein in Western populations, they may be useful to modulate the composition/activity of the microbial gut ecology for improved health. Among prebiotic nutrients, inulin-type fructans (ITF) are well characterized and their administration promotes growth of beneficial microorganisms like Bifidobacterium spp. .These microorganisms are involved in the reduction of intestinal endotoxin concentration, improve glucose tolerance, exert benefits upon immune function and inhibit pathogens. In healthy individuals, ITF intake promotes satiety and modulates gut peptides regulating food intake. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of inulin-type fructans (ITF) on the negative consequences of colonic fermentation in individuals consuming high protein diets. The hypothesis to be tested is that their action promotes carbohydrate degrading bacteria at the expense of protein utilisers.
The study is randomized, double-blinded and placebo-controlled with a duration of 24 weeks. Following randomization, healthy elderly are randomized into two groups receiving probiotics or placebo. Fecal samples are collected before and after the study. The samples are investigated for Clostridium difficile levels, changes in diversity of the gut microbiota as well changes in the fecal metabolome. The effects of the produced metabolites on mitochondrial activity will moreover be investigated using selected intestinal cell lines.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of a synbiotic (ProSynbiotic) on the gut microbiota composition, body composition and adiposity-related genes and metabolic markers in healthy overweight adult subjects.
The study is a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel, dose-finding study with healthy volunteers. A total of 100 male and female volunteers will be included. The volunteers will be randomized into one of 10 groups, each of 10 participants, consuming either active product in various mixes and doses (9 groups) or placebo product (1 group) for 2 weeks. The 9 groups receiving active product will receive either one of two Human Milk Oligosaccharides (HMOs) alone or in combination at different doses. The primary purpose of the study is establishing the effects of various compositions and doses of HMOs on the faecal flora and on gastrointestinal symptoms in health adults.
Healthy older volunteers will be recruited to a study where they will be given four different treatments over a 28 week period. These treatments include: a prebiotic, a probiotic, a synbiotic (prebiotic + probiotic) and a placebo. Faecal samples, blood and saliva will be collected and analysed for changes in faecal microbial populations and selected immune responses.
Healthy volunteers will be recruited to a study where they will be given four different treatments over a 28 week period. These treatments include: a prebiotic, a probiotic, a synbiotic (prebiotic + probiotic) and a placebo. Faecal samples, blood and saliva will be collected and analysed for changes in faecal microbial populations and selected immune responses.
Hypothesis: Probiotics have been used as novel adjunct therapeutic approach in atopic dermatitis. In addition to balancing the gut microecology and promoting host immune defences, specific probiotics might further aid in controlling the microbial colonization of the skin, thereby reducing proneness to secondary infections which typically cause sustained symptoms. Thirty-nine infants with atopic dermatitis,randomized for a three-month-period in a double-blind design to receive extensively hydrolysed casein formula (NutramigenR, Mead-Johnson, USA) supplemented with (n=19) or without (n=20) Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (ATCC 53103) 5.0 x 107 cfu/g to achieve a daily intake of 3.4 x 109 cfu. Sampling (blood and faecal samples, cotton swab from the skin) and clinical examination of the infant, including SCORAD assessment to determine the severity of atopic dermatitis, at each study visit (at entry and one month and three months thereafter).