Ductal Lavage Versus Corticosteroids Therapy for Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis

Granulomatous Mastitis Clinical Trial

Official title:

Ductal Lavage Versus Corticosteroids Therapy for Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis: a Multicenter, Randomized, Open-labelled, Non-inferior Trial.

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT03724903
• Other study ID #: Ductal-2018-Jun-14
• Status: Completed
• Phase: N/A
• Start date: April 1, 2019
• Est. completion date: April 21, 2023

Study information

• Verified date: January 2024
• Source: Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

A single-arm, proof-of-concept trial has shown the safety and efficacy of ductal lavage as a treatment for idiopathic granulomatous mastitis patients (Manuscript accepted in Journal of Surgical Research 2018). In this multicenter, randomized, open-labeled, non-inferior trial, the investigators are going to enroll eligible granulomatous mastitis patients and randomized them into ductal lavage versus. corticosteroids therapy group. The primary endpoint of this study is the complete clinical response rate at 1 year after the enrollment. The aim of this study is to provide evidence for the management of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis patients .

Description:

Non-lactational mastitis (NLM) consists of a broad spectrum of inflammatory breast diseases. Among them, periductal mastitis and idiopathic granulomatous mastitis(IGM) are the most commonly encountered in clinical practice. IGM can be diagnosed when all possible causes of granulomatous diseases (known mycobacterial or fungal infection, Wegener granulomatosis, sarcoidosis, etc.) are excluded. There is no consensus on the standard treatment of IGM patients. Surgery, oral corticosteroids, topical steroids, immunosuppressive therapy, and observation alone were all proposed as the treatment for IGM patients. However, all of the evidences are derived from retrospective studies. In a previous study, the investigators conducted a single-arm, proof-of-concept trial that showed the safety and efficacy of ductal lavage as a treatment for IGM patients. Ductal lavage is possible to spare the patients from corticosteroids therapy and or surgery. To further address this issue, the investigators are going to conduct this multicenter, randomized, open-labeled, non-inferior trial, to compare the efficacy and safety of ductal lavage and corticosteroids therapy. The aim of this study is to provide evidence for the management of IGM patients.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 140
• Est. completion date: April 21, 2023
• Est. primary completion date: April 21, 2023
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: Female
• Age group: 18 Years to 65 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Female, age between 18 and 65 years old.
• Inform consent signed.
• Clinical diagnosis of non-lactating mastitis, defined as mastitis occurred more than 1 month after the cessation of lactation.
• Clinical and pathological diagnosis of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis.
• Never receive surgical treatments, or corticosteroids therapy after the cessation of lactation. Core needle biopsy is allowed.
• Good health, judged by clinicians, to receive ductal lavage.
• M score >=2

Exclusion Criteria:

• Grade III inverted nipple(Plastic. Reconstruction. Surgery. 104: 389, 1999.)
• Lactational mastitis patients.
• Bilateral IGM patients.
• Clinically diagnosis of periductal mastitis.
• Pathological diagnosis of breast carcinoma.
• Pregnant women.
• Evidences suggest possible diagnosis of SLE(systemic lupus erythematosus), rheumatic disorders or other systematic auto-immune diseases.
• Evidences suggest possible diagnosis of tuberculosis.
• Evidences suggest possible diagnosis of fungus infection of the breast
• History of breast trauma.
• History of taking oral corticosteroids or anti-tuberculosis treatment.
• Imaging examinations indicates foreign objects retained in the breast
• Presence of sepsis or severe inflammation caused by IGM, for which surgery is likely required.
• Patients with inappropriate coagulation function, cardiac function, pulmonary function, liver and renal function, that clinicians judges as not suitable to participate in this study.

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Granulomatous Mastitis
• Mastitis

Intervention

Procedure:
• Ductal lavage
The patients received ductal lavage and breast massage every other day for two weeks. We used lidocaine (1%) for local anesthesia around the nipple. We used a lacrimal probe to identify 4-5 openings in the lactiferous ducts on the nipple and inserted the infusion cannula (21-23G). A total of 25ml of irrigation solution (5 ml of 2% lidocaine, 40 mg of triamcinolone acetonide, 20 ml of 0.9% saline and 1.0 g of ceftriaxone) was pumped into the ducts over 20-25 minutes. The patient returned to the clinic the next day for breast massage, and the cycle was repeated for two weeks.

Drug:
• Corticosteroid therapy
Methylprednisolone(Common brand names: Medrol) or prednisone 20-40mg, qd for two weeks, then temper the dose gradually, and then 20mg qd for maintenance (The total duration of the treatment is 6 months).

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
China	Jiangmen Maternal and Child Health Care Population & Family Planning Service Center	Jiangmen	Guangdong
China	Lian Jiang People'S Hospital	Lianjiang	Guangdong

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University

Country where clinical trial is conducted

China, 

References & Publications (2)

Chen K, Zhu L, Hu T, Tan C, Zhang J, Zeng M, Li S, Song E. Ductal Lavage for Patients With Nonlactational Mastitis: A Single-Arm, Proof-of-Concept Trial. J Surg Res. 2019 Mar;235:440-446. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2018.10.023. Epub 2018 Nov 19. — View Citation

Hu T, Li S, Huang H, Huang H, Tan L, Chen Y, Deng H, Wu J, Zhu L, Zhang J, Su F, Chen K. Multicentre, randomised, open-label, non-inferiority trial comparing the effectiveness and safety of ductal lavage versus oral corticosteroids for idiopathic granulomatous mastitis: a study protocol. BMJ Open. 2020 Oct 10;10(10):e036643. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-036643. Erratum In: BMJ Open. 2022 Aug 25;12(8):e036643corr1. — View Citation

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Complete Clinical Response(cCR)	The proportion of patients that achieve M-score <=1 at 1 year after the treatment.	1 year since randomization
Secondary	Time to cCR	The median time to cCR since the randomization.	1 year since randomization
Secondary	Treatment failure (TF) rate	The proportion of patients with TF at 1 year since the randomization. The TF status is defined as the following: If the patient has M-score>=6 before randomization, TF is defined as the M-score still remains >=6 at one month since the randomization.; If the patient has M-score between 4 and 5 before randomization, TF is defined as the M-score still remains at >=4, and never have been lower than 4.; If the patient has M-score<4 before randomization, and never reaches cCR since randomization, and during follow-up, the M-score is found to be >5 and last for one month.	1 year since randomization
Secondary	Relapse rate	The proportion of patients that had M-score>4 among those patients who achieved cCR.	1 year since randomization
Secondary	Adverse events	Pre-defined and any other unexpected adverse events would be recorded and compared between the two arms.	1 year since randomization
Secondary	Protocol compliance rate	The proportion of patients who received the treatment protocol.	1 year since randomization