View clinical trials related to Glucose Metabolism.
Filter by:The purpose of this study is to assess whether it is possible to carry out a research project with a nutritional intervention in senior's residence. Life in a small community is very different and above all unique, which could be an asset in a research setting.
The objective of this randomized crossover study is to examine the influence of consuming a ketone ester plus carbohydrate (KE+CHO) supplement on substrate oxidation and physical performance in 15 healthy adults. Following a 48-hr muscle glycogen normalization period, volunteers will consume either an isocaloric KE+CHO (KE: 573 mg KE/kg body mass, CHO: 110 g) or isocaloric CHO drink and complete 90-min of metabolically-matched, load carriage (~30% body mass) steady-state aerobic (~60 ± 5 % of VO2peak) exercise on a treadmill. Glucose tracers will be used to assess glucose turnover, and contribution to exogenous and plasma glucose oxidation. Serial blood draws will be collected during each trial to assess endocrine and circulating substrate responses. After steady-state exercise volunteers will complete a time to exhaustion (TTE) physical performance tests at 85% VO2peak on a treadmill. Volunteers will then be provided with food for the remainder of the day. Following a 10-hr overnight fast, volunteers will return to the laboratory and consume the same supplement (KE+CHO or CHO) as they did the previous day. Volunteers will then perform a 4-mile load carriage time trial on a treadmill. Following a minimum 7-day washout period, volunteers will return to the laboratory to complete the second arm of the study. The primary risks associated with this study include those associated with exercise, blood draws, and gastrointestinal discomfort from the KE+CHO supplement.
The aim of this study to investigate methodological aspects that may affect glycemic index (GI) and insulinemic (II) values. In addition, we will measure GI and II values for typical Finnish carbohydrate-rich foods and provide a database of GIs for Finnish foods. The specific aims of this study are: - to compare glycemic responses and GIs analyzed from capillary and venous blood to compare glucose against white bread as the reference food, and to study the effect of number of reference tests on GI values. For each setting of the tested parameters, we determined the glycemic indices of rye bread, oatmeal porridge and instant mashed potato - to examine the glycaemic and insulinaemic responses of a mashed potato-based meal when a high fat food (rapeseed oil) or a high protein food (chicken breast) or fat, protein and salad together were added to the meal. Furthermore, we studied how the predicted and measured GI values of the mixed meal differed from each other. - to examine the effects of two different coffee portions with glucose and caffeine-containing soft drinks on postprandial glucose and insulin responses. Further objectives were to study how coffee and different accompaniments affect glucose and insulin responses. - to measure GI values for typical Finnish foods - to study the effects of berries on glycemic and insulinemic responses - to examine the effects of overweight and glucose tolerance on the glucose, insulin and lipid responses to an HGI meal and an LGI meal.Furthermore, the second aim was to study the effect of BMI and glucose tolerance on the GI measured. - to compare methodological choices in insulin measurement - to investigate the effect of alcohol on postprandial glucose and insulin responses, and to determine glycemic and insulinemic indices values for beer and non-alcoholic beer
Individuals with type 2 diabetes have an increased risk of developing cognitive dysfunction followed by dementia in late life. Obesity, physical inactivity and "systemic low-grade inflammation" are strong risk factors and play a crucial role in this network of diseases. Brain-derived Neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is produced in brain as well as several tissues outside brain eg muscle cells. Low BDNF are associated with cognitive dysfuction, obesity and type 2 diabetes. The investigators include 200 individuals divided into three groups: 80 individuals with type 2 diabetes, 80 age and BMI-matched controls and 40 individuals with impaired glucose tolerance. The project will test the hypothesis, that low systemic BDNF are associated with accumulation of abdominal fat, cognitive dysfunction and insulin resistence with different effect in men and women.