Acquired Chronic Erosive Gingivitis: Clinical Relevance of Papillary Gingival Biopsy

Gingivitis Clinical Trial

Official title:

Acquired Chronic Erosive Gingivitis: Clinical Relevance of Papillary Gingival Biopsy. Retrospective Bicentric Study of 148 Samples and Systematic Review of the Literature

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT04293718
• Other study ID #: ODONT_APHP_HMN2019
• Status: Completed
• Start date: October 2011
• Est. completion date: July 2019

Study information

• Verified date: January 2020
• Source: Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Observational

Clinical Trial Summary

Chronic erosive gingivitis is a syndrome (CEGS) that combines severe gingival inflammation and gingival erosion. The term "desquamative gingivitis" is often used in the literature to define chronic erosive gingivitis. However, this definition is inappropriate because the pathophysiological process at the origin of this gingival disease does not induce a desquamation but rather a loss of gingival substance, namely erosion, concerned wholly or in part of the gingival epithelium. In most clinical situations, chronic erosive gingivitis is an oral manifestation of a general disease with immune dysfunction. The most frequently described diseases are gingival lichen and autoimmune bullous diseases (AIBD). In 2018, as part of a monocentric study, we were the first to detail an original papillary gingival biopsy protocol, non-iatrogenic, perfectly suited to the anatomopathological examinations necessary for the diagnosis of AIBD gingival expression. The CEGS early detection by odontologists avoid delayed diagnosis and allows patients to be referred to the closest AIBD reference center.

Hypothesis/Objective A bicentric study was conducted, to evaluate the clinical relevance of this protocol, including the differential diagnosis of the CEGS. Research was supplemented by carrying out a systematic review of the literature to compare the contributive capacity diagnostic of the papillary biopsy technique with other gingival sample methods (attached gingival tissue, mucosa).

Method A retrospective bicentric observational study was conducted from October 2011 to July 2019, in two departments of oral medicine of two public hospitals in Paris (University Hospital - Bretonneau in Paris and Henri Mondor in Créteil; France). These two departments are specialized in the diagnosis and management of oral pathology; that of the Henri Mondor hospital is an AIBD reference center.

The literature review was developed in accordance with PRISMA recommendations. It was conducted on Pubmed - MEDLINE and Cochrane Oral Health Group and included all existing publications from 1935 until August 2019. A manual search of publications from the unpublished literature was also conducted.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 100
• Est. completion date: July 2019
• Est. primary completion date: July 2019
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years and older

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients referred on an outpatient basis by the physician or the dental surgeon, suffering from an acute erosive gingivitis, regardless of age and general health.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients referred on an outpatient basis by the physician or the dental surgeon, with a histological examination and immunofluorescence (DIF) already done previously, and patient under corticosteroid therapy which is skewing the immunofluorescence (DIF) data.

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Autoimmune Diseases
• Gingival Diseases
• Gingivitis
• Lichen Planus
• Lichen Planus, Oral
• Oral Lichen Planus

Intervention

Other:
• papillary gum biopsies
1 or 2 papillary gum biopsies were performed simultaneously, 1 for histological examination and 1 for immunohistochemistry

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
n/a

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris

References & Publications (6)

Cheng YS, Gould A, Kurago Z, Fantasia J, Muller S. Diagnosis of oral lichen planus: a position paper of the American Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2016 Sep;122(3):332-54. doi: 10.1016/j.oooo.2016.05.004. Epub 2016 Jul 9. — View Citation

Dridi SM, Bellakhdar F, Ortonne N, Bayet K, Ingen-Housz-Oro S, Gaultier F. [Autoimmune bullous diseases with gingival expression: A proposed non-iatrogenic gingival biopsy technique]. Ann Dermatol Venereol. 2018 Oct;145(10):572-577. doi: 10.1016/j.annder.2018.06.005. Epub 2018 Aug 22. French. — View Citation

Lo Russo L, Fedele S, Guiglia R, Ciavarella D, Lo Muzio L, Gallo P, Di Liberto C, Campisi G. Diagnostic pathways and clinical significance of desquamative gingivitis. J Periodontol. 2008 Jan;79(1):4-24. doi: 10.1902/jop.2008.070231 . Review. — View Citation

Position paper: oral features of mucocutaneous disorders. J Periodontol. 2003 Oct;74(10):1545-56. Review. — View Citation

Rinaggio J, Crossland DM, Zeid MY. A determination of the range of oral conditions submitted for microscopic and direct immunofluorescence analysis. J Periodontol. 2007 Oct;78(10):1904-10. — View Citation

van der Meij EH, van der Waal I. Lack of clinicopathologic correlation in the diagnosis of oral lichen planus based on the presently available diagnostic criteria and suggestions for modifications. J Oral Pathol Med. 2003 Oct;32(9):507-12. — View Citation

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	contributive capacity diagnostic of the papillary biopsy technique	Diagnosis of certainty of diseases, whose clinical features are the CEGS, have been made by comparing clinical data with histological criteria commonly accepted by the international community; One week after the biopsy has been performed, we can establish the: number of contributive results of first-line biopsies performed for conventional histological analysis showing the: presence or absence of the epithelium,; presence or absence of the intra-epithelial or the subepithelial cleavage,; characteristic of the inflammatory infiltrate, especially the presence and the number of lymphocytes.; number of contributive results of biopsies performed for direct immunofluorescence showing: immune deposits or not, in a linear staining pattern at the chorio-epithelial junction.; immune deposits or not, in an intercellular staining pattern in the epidermis.	One week after biopsy has been performed