View clinical trials related to General Anesthesia.
Filter by:In order to investigate the effect of a combination effect of sevoflurane and nitrous oxide on cerebral electrical activity, the investigators determined the MAC of sevoflurane combined with nitrous oxide inducing isoelectric electroencephalogram (EEG) in 50% of the subjects (MACie) in middle aged subjects.
The purpose of this study is to compare exposure to general anesthesia between cases with a diagnosis of Alzheimer´s disease and controls without diagnosis, through studies of medical records. The investigators wish to explore if there is a relationship between exposure to general anesthesia and the development of Alzheimer´s disease.
Recently intraoperative motor evoked potential monitoring (MEP) is widely used to reduce neural damage during neurosurgery. As neuromuscular blockade(NMB) during MEP monitoring decreases the amplitude of MEP, partial NMB is usually maintained during general anesthesia. Continuous infusion of NMB agent is preferred than bolus infusion during MEP monitoring. There are a lot of NMB agents in clinical use. But there have been no reports about the effect of changing NMB agent on efficacy of MEP monitoring. Therefore, the investigators performed a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effect of changing NMB agent on the variability of MEP amplitude during neurosurgery.
Study hypothesis: The Cardiotronic ICON non-invasive cardiac output monitor gives accurate information when placed on a patient's Right or Left side. Summary: To simultaneously compare physiologic data collected from two non-invasive cardiac output monitors placed bilaterally on pediatric patients undergoing general anesthesia. The FDA approved Cardiotronic ICON non-invasive cardiac output monitor has been validated by the manufacturer in pediatric and adult patients with leads placed on the left side. However, sometimes the surgical site and/or patient position precludes placement of the monitor leads on the left side. In such situations it would be useful to know whether placement of the monitor's leads on a patient's right side gives accurate cardiac output data. We will prospectively collect, and compare, simultaneous physiologic data for all enrolled children using two monitors, one on the patient's right side and one on the patient's left side.
Sevoflurane can abolish movement or adrenergic response to noxious stimulus. In order to investigate the effect of sevoflurane on cerebral electrical activity, we determined the MAC of sevoflurane inducing isoelectric electroencephalogram (EEG) in 50% of the subjects (MACie) in middle aged subjects.
Postoperative delirium is a common complication in elderly patients after surgery. Its occurrence is associated with worse outcomes. The pathophysiology of delirium remains poorly understood. However, an universal phenomenon is that delirium frequently occurs in elderly patients after major complicated surgery, but is rarely seen after minor ambulatory surgery (such as cataract surgery). This indicates that stress response produced by surgery might have an important role in the pathogenesis of delirium. It has been reported that, when compared with general anesthesia and postoperative intravenous analgesia, neuraxial anesthesia and analgesia reduced the occurrence of postoperative complications and mortality in high risk patients. Combined epidural-general anesthesia is frequently used in clinical practice. This anesthetic method provides advantages of both epidural and general anesthesia, i.e. it blocks the afferent pathway of nociceptive stimulus by neuraxial blockade during and after surgery, and allows patients to endure long-duration surgery without any awareness. The investigators hypothesize that combined epidural-general anesthesia and postoperative epidural analgesia can decrease the incidence of delirium in elderly patients after major surgery when compared with general anesthesia alone and postoperative intravenous analgesia.
Previous work in animal models suggests that inhalational anesthetic agents may accelerate Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis, but it is unclear to what extent this may happen in humans. Here, the investigators propose to measure Alzheimer's disease-related neural markers in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients exposed to anesthesia while undergoing neurosurgical procedures that require lumbar drain placement. Patients will be randomized to either receive inhalation anesthesia with isoflurane or intravenous anesthesia with propofol. CSF and blood samples will each be collected at the induction of anesthesia, and then again ten and twenty-four hours later. CSF samples will be assayed for amyloid beta, tau, and other Alzheimer's disease-associated markers; blood samples will be assayed for serum inflammatory markers and used for genotyping studies. These studies should clarify the effect of common anesthetic agents on Alzheimer's disease related neural markers.
The study is prospective and double blind. In the clinic, patients undergoing hysterectomy that meet the criteria for inclusion into the study and agreed to participate in the study will be randomized into two groups.
Partial cuff inflation before insertion is generally used for laryngeal mask airway insertion in adult patients. However, it is not proven how much the cuff should be inflated. The aim of this study is to compare efficacy between the method using the resting volume and the method using half the maximum volume for partial cuff inflation.
The BIS is influenced by multiple parameters, such as age,gender, body weight, height, muscle relaxants, hepatic function, co-administered drugs, surgical stimulation, but is thought to be influenced mainly by propofol and remifentanil infusion dose. As such, the investigators postulate that the BIS value could be predicted by the estimated effects-site concentration of propofol and remifentanil, and try to establish a multiple linear regression model for predicting BIS value.