Gender Differences of Neuroanatomical and Neurophysiological Correlates of Risk-proneness in Early Adolescents

Gender Clinical Trial

Official title:

Gender Differences in Risk-proneness, Gratification Delay, Self-control, Self-efficacy, Executive Functions and Their Neurophysiological and Neuroanatomical Correlates in Early Adolescents

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT03534375
• Other study ID #: IRB2017-914
• Status: Completed
• Start date: May 14, 2018
• Est. completion date: August 31, 2019

Study information

• Verified date: October 2021
• Source: Texas Tech University
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Observational

Clinical Trial Summary

Risk-taking in early adolescence have has been found to be normative and even formative as it might fulfill the youth's needs to experiment different sensations, make independent decisions and learn from their consequences. Several theoretical models have suggested that male and female adolescents differ in risk-taking as a product of individual/contextual factors and neocortical functioning; however, the neurophysiological and neuropsychological correlates of those differences continue to be underexplored. Informed by Evolutionary Neuroandrogenic Theory, the investigators examine the links between gender, risk-proneness, gratification delay, self-control, self-efficacy, executive functions and neurophysiological-neuroanatomical correlates in early adolescents (age 10-12 years). Participants (N=24; 50% females) will complete behavioral measurements on study constructs and perform neuropsychological tests using fMRI scanning (e.g., Go/NoGo continuous performance, stop-signal reaction time, NIH Cognition Battery, delay discounting). Female and male groups will be compared on all outcome measures.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 8
• Est. completion date: August 31, 2019
• Est. primary completion date: April 30, 2019
• Accepts healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
• Gender: All
• Age group: 10 Years to 12 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Early adolescents (age 10-12 years)

• Male and female

Exclusion Criteria:

• Gross impairment of vision or hearing that would prevent the participants from performing neuropsychological tasks

• Inability to read and follow written instructions

• WISC-V IQ score of < 80

• Physical, neurological or concurrent psychiatric impairments that could affect cognitive and motor functions

• Regular intake of medication that could alter visual, auditory, cognitive or motor functions

• History of head injury that resulted in loss of consciousness / history of brain surgery

• Current / past history of smoking and / or alcohol or drug abuse

• Absolute contraindications to undergo MRI

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Early Adolescent Behavior
• Gender

Intervention

Other:
• The study is an observational cross sectional study
An intervention will not be performed

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
United States	Texas Tech University - Department of Human Development and Family Studies	Lubbock	Texas

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Texas Tech University

Country where clinical trial is conducted

United States, 

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Other	Female vs. male differences in commission errors in an SSRT	Female vs. male differences in commission errors in a stop signal reaction time task performed in the magnetic resonance imaging scanner	Outcome will be measured on the first study visit (day 1) of each subject. This will also be the only time point of measurement. Outcomes of all recruited subjects within the specified study period will be considered when reporting the outcome measure.
Other	Female vs. male differences in omission errors in an SSRT	Female vs. male differences in omission errors in a stop signal reaction time task performed in the magnetic resonance imaging scanner	Outcome will be measured on the first study visit (day 1) of each subject. This will also be the only time point of measurement. Outcomes of all recruited subjects within the specified study period will be considered when reporting the outcome measure.
Other	Female vs. male differences in omission errors in a Go-NoGo CPT	Female vs. male differences omission errors in a Go-NoGo continuous performance task performed in the magnetic resonance imaging scanner	Outcome will be measured on the first study visit (day 1) of each subject. This will also be the only time point of measurement. Outcomes of all recruited subjects within the specified study period will be considered when reporting the outcome measure.
Other	Female vs. male differences in Picture Sequence Memory Test	Female vs. male differences in Picture Sequence Memory Test of the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery	Outcome will be measured on the first study visit (day 1) of each subject. This will also be the only time point of measurement. Outcomes of all recruited subjects within the specified study period will be considered when reporting the outcome measure.
Other	Female vs. male differences in List Sorting Working Memory Test	Female vs. male differences in List Sorting Working Memory Test of the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery	Outcome will be measured on the first study visit (day 1) of each subject. This will also be the only time point of measurement. Outcomes of all recruited subjects within the specified study period will be considered when reporting the outcome measure.
Other	Female vs. male differences in simple visual reaction time	Female vs. male differences in a simple visual reaction time task programmed and presented in PsychoPy software environment on a laptop computer	Outcome will be measured on the first study visit (day 1) of each subject. This will also be the only time point of measurement. Outcomes of all recruited subjects within the specified study period will be considered when reporting the outcome measure.
Primary	Female vs. Male differences of fMRI BOLD responses for SSRT Stop Signals	Female vs. male differences of functional magnetic resonance imaging reactivity of the whole brain while performing a Stop Signal Reaction Time Task	Outcome will be measured on the first study visit (day 1) of each subject. This will also be the only time point of measurement. Outcomes of all recruited subjects within the specified study period will be considered when reporting the outcome measure.
Primary	Female vs. Male differences of fMRI BOLD responses in a Go-NoGo CPT	Female vs. male differences of functional magnetic resonance imaging reactivity of the whole brain while performing a Go-NoGo Continuous Performance Task	Outcome will be measured on the first study visit (day 1) of each subject. This will also be the only time point of measurement. Outcomes of all recruited subjects within the specified study period will be considered when reporting the outcome measure.
Primary	Female vs. Male differences of brain structural connectivity	Female vs. male differences of brain structural connectivity as measured by diffusion tensor imaging and analyzed using tract-based spatial statistics	Outcome will be measured on the first study visit (day 1) of each subject. This will also be the only time point of measurement. Outcomes of all recruited subjects within the specified study period will be considered when reporting the outcome measure.
Primary	Female vs. Male differences of brain structure	Female vs. male differences of brain structure as determined by voxel based morphometry of structural magnetic resonance imaging data	Outcome will be measured on the first study visit (day 1) of each subject. This will also be the only time point of measurement. Outcomes of all recruited subjects within the specified study period will be considered when reporting the outcome measure.
Secondary	Female vs. male differences in delay discounting	Female vs. male differences in delay discounting as measures using a delay discounting task presented on a laptop computer	Outcome will be measured on the first study visit (day 1) of each subject. This will also be the only time point of measurement. Outcomes of all recruited subjects within the specified study period will be considered when reporting the outcome measure.
Secondary	Female vs. male differences in stop signal delay	Female vs. male differences in stop signal delay of a stop signal reaction time task performed in the magnetic resonance imaging scanner	Outcome will be measured on the first study visit (day 1) of each subject. This will also be the only time point of measurement. Outcomes of all recruited subjects within the specified study period will be considered when reporting the outcome measure.
Secondary	Female vs. male differences in reaction times of correct Go responses	Female vs. male differences in reaction times of correct Go responses performed in a Go-NoGo continuous performance task performed in the magnetic resonance imaging scanner	Outcome will be measured on the first study visit (day 1) of each subject. This will also be the only time point of measurement. Outcomes of all recruited subjects within the specified study period will be considered when reporting the outcome measure.
Secondary	Female vs. male differences in commission errors in a Go-NoGo CPT	Female vs. male differences commission errors in a Go-NoGo continuous performance task performed in the magnetic resonance imaging scanner	Outcome will be measured on the first study visit (day 1) of each subject. This will also be the only time point of measurement. Outcomes of all recruited subjects within the specified study period will be considered when reporting the outcome measure.
Secondary	Female vs. male differences in Flanker Inhibitory Control and Attention Test	Female vs. male differences in Flanker Inhibitory Control and Attention Test of the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery	Outcome will be measured on the first study visit (day 1) of each subject. This will also be the only time point of measurement. Outcomes of all recruited subjects within the specified study period will be considered when reporting the outcome measure.
Secondary	Female vs. male differences in Dimensional Change Card Sort Test	Female vs. male differences in Dimensional Change Card Sort Test of the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery	Outcome will be measured on the first study visit (day 1) of each subject. This will also be the only time point of measurement. Outcomes of all recruited subjects within the specified study period will be considered when reporting the outcome measure.
Secondary	Female vs. male differences in Pattern Comparison Processing Speed Test	Female vs. male differences in Pattern Comparison Processing Speed Test of the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery	Outcome will be measured on the first study visit (day 1) of each subject. This will also be the only time point of measurement. Outcomes of all recruited subjects within the specified study period will be considered when reporting the outcome measure.
Secondary	Female vs. male differences in risk-proneness	Female vs. male differences in risk-proneness as measured by Impulsive Sensation Seeking Scale adapted by Raffaelli and Crocket (2003)	Outcome will be measured on the first study visit (day 1) of each subject. This will also be the only time point of measurement. Outcomes of all recruited subjects within the specified study period will be considered when reporting the outcome measure.
Secondary	Female vs. male differences in sensation seeking	Female vs. male differences in Brief Sensation Seeking Scale (BSSS) developed by Hoyle et al (2002)	Outcome will be measured on the first study visit (day 1) of each subject. This will also be the only time point of measurement. Outcomes of all recruited subjects within the specified study period will be considered when reporting the outcome measure.
Secondary	Female vs. male differences in gratification delay	Female vs. male differences in abbreviated 10 item Delayed Gratification Inventory (DGI-10) by Romer, Duckworth, Sznitman, & Park (2010)	Outcome will be measured on the first study visit (day 1) of each subject. This will also be the only time point of measurement. Outcomes of all recruited subjects within the specified study period will be considered when reporting the outcome measure.
Secondary	Female vs. male differences in self-control	Female vs. male differences in Perrone, Sullivan, Pratt, & Margaryan (2004) measure of self -control adapted from the Longitudinal Study of Adolescent and Adult Health (ADD Health)	Outcome will be measured on the first study visit (day 1) of each subject. This will also be the only time point of measurement. Outcomes of all recruited subjects within the specified study period will be considered when reporting the outcome measure.
Secondary	Female vs. male differences in self-efficacy	Female vs. male differences in General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE) developed by Schwarzer & Jerusalem (1995)	Outcome will be measured on the first study visit (day 1) of each subject. This will also be the only time point of measurement. Outcomes of all recruited subjects within the specified study period will be considered when reporting the outcome measure.