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Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

NCT number NCT02357303
Other study ID # PortugueseOIC 001
Secondary ID
Status Completed
Phase Phase 4
First received January 29, 2015
Last updated January 7, 2016
Start date April 2015
Est. completion date January 2016

Study information

Verified date January 2016
Source Portuguese Oncology Institute, Coimbra
Contact n/a
Is FDA regulated No
Health authority Portugal: Data Protection Agency
Study type Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

The upper endoscopy is one of the most common methods for the diagnosis and treatment of upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract diseases and provides a unique opportunity to identify early neoplastic lesions.

Before an upper endoscopy it is required a 6 hour fasting period[1]. However, even with this fasting period, sometimes the mucosal visualization, especially in the stomach, is impaired by the presence of foam, bubbles or gastric mucus.

To improve visualization of the gastric mucosa, it is possible to administrate an oral solution of defoaming agents such as Simethicone and mucolytic agents like Pronase or N-Acetylcysteine previously to the procedure.

The aim of this project is to determine if the use of premedication with simethicone, alone or in association with N-Acetylcysteine, improves mucosal visualization during an upper GI endoscopy.


Description:

a. Study type: prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial: i. Prospective inclusion of patients; ii. Randomization by computer generated tables; iii. Allocation concealment by sealed, opaque envelopes; iv. Double-blinded - nurse instructed not to reveal treatment; patient and doctor unaware of treatment;

b. Patient selection: consecutive series of patients scheduled for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy; Exclusion criteria - sedation, previous total gastrectomy, known neoplasia or stenosis, allergies to simethicone or N-acetylcysteine, therapeutic or urgent procedures;

c. Sample size: 270 (3 groups of 90 patients): to improve "excellent" preparations from 20% (value from our own database) to 40% and assuming a normal distribution and a power of 80% (α=0.05), the calculated sample size of each of the 3 groups was 82; allowing for a 10% dropout rate, the sample size is 90 (270 patients overall); Groups: Group A - 100mL of water (placebo); Group B - 100mL of water plus 100mg Simethicone; Group C - 100mL of water plus 100mg Simethicone plus 600mg N-acetylcysteine;

d. Data collection methods: form sheet filled by nurses (appendix 1) and endoscopist (appendix 2);

e. Analysed variables: patients characteristics (age, gender), indication for endoscopy, time from administration to procedure, score of mucosal visualization, side effects of medication;

f. Statistical analysis: chi-square test.


Recruitment information / eligibility

Status Completed
Enrollment 300
Est. completion date January 2016
Est. primary completion date December 2015
Accepts healthy volunteers Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Gender Both
Age group N/A and older
Eligibility Inclusion Criteria:

- consecutive series of patients scheduled for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy

- signed informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

- sedation

- previous total gastrectomy

- known neoplasia or stenosis

- therapeutic or urgent procedures

- allergies to simethicone or N-acetylcysteine

Study Design

Allocation: Randomized, Endpoint Classification: Efficacy Study, Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment, Masking: Double Blind (Subject, Caregiver), Primary Purpose: Diagnostic


Related Conditions & MeSH terms


Intervention

Drug:
Simethicone
100mL of water plus 100mg Simethicone by mouth, 15 to 30 minutes before endoscopy
Acetylcysteine
100mL of water plus 100mg Simethicone plus 600mg N-acetylcysteine by mouth, 15 to 30 minutes before endoscopy
Other:
Placebo
100mL of water

Locations

Country Name City State
Portugal Portuguese Oncology Institute - Coimbra Coimbra

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor Collaborator
Portuguese Oncology Institute, Coimbra

Country where clinical trial is conducted

Portugal, 

References & Publications (13)

Ahsan M, Babaei L, Gholamrezaei A, Emami MH. Simethicone for the Preparation before Esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Diagn Ther Endosc. 2011;2011:484532. doi: 10.1155/2011/484532. Epub 2011 Aug 4. — View Citation

Asl SM, Sivandzadeh GR. Efficacy of premedication with activated Dimethicone or N-acetylcysteine in improving visibility during upper endoscopy. World J Gastroenterol. 2011 Oct 7;17(37):4213-7. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v17.i37.4213. — View Citation

Bertoni G, Gumina C, Conigliaro R, Ricci E, Staffetti J, Mortilla MG, Pacchione D. Randomized placebo-controlled trial of oral liquid simethicone prior to upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Endoscopy. 1992 May;24(4):268-70. — View Citation

Bhandari P, Green S, Hamanaka H, Nakajima T, Matsuda T, Saito Y, Oda I, Gotoda T. Use of Gascon and Pronase either as a pre-endoscopic drink or as targeted endoscopic flushes to improve visibility during gastroscopy: a prospective, randomized, controlled, blinded trial. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2010 Mar;45(3):357-61. doi: 10.3109/00365520903483643. — View Citation

Chang CC, Chen SH, Lin CP, Hsieh CR, Lou HY, Suk FM, Pan S, Wu MS, Chen JN, Chen YF. Premedication with pronase or N-acetylcysteine improves visibility during gastroendoscopy: an endoscopist-blinded, prospective, randomized study. World J Gastroenterol. 2007 Jan 21;13(3):444-7. — View Citation

Chang WK, Yeh MK, Hsu HC, Chen HW, Hu MK. Efficacy of simethicone and N-acetylcysteine as premedication in improving visibility during upper endoscopy. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2014 Apr;29(4):769-74. doi: 10.1111/jgh.12487. — View Citation

Chen MJ, Wang HY, Chang CW, Hu KC, Hung CY, Chen CJ, Shih SC. The add-on N-acetylcysteine is more effective than dimethicone alone to eliminate mucus during narrow-band imaging endoscopy: a double-blind, randomized controlled trial. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2013 Feb;48(2):241-5. doi: 10.3109/00365521.2012.749509. Epub 2012 Dec 27. — View Citation

Faigel DO, Eisen GM, Baron TH, Dominitz JA, Goldstein JL, Hirota WK, Jacobson BC, Johanson JF, Leighton JA, Mallery JS, Raddawi HM, Vargo JJ 2nd, Waring JP, Fanelli RD, Wheeler-Harbough J; Standards of Practice Committee. American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. Preparation of patients for GI endoscopy. Gastrointest Endosc. 2003 Apr;57(4):446-50. — View Citation

Fujii T, Iishi H, Tatsuta M, Hirasawa R, Uedo N, Hifumi K, Omori M. Effectiveness of premedication with pronase for improving visibility during gastroendoscopy: a randomized controlled trial. Gastrointest Endosc. 1998 May;47(5):382-7. — View Citation

Keeratichananont S, Sobhonslidsuk A, Kitiyakara T, Achalanan N, Soonthornpun S. The role of liquid simethicone in enhancing endoscopic visibility prior to esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD): A prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial. J Med Assoc Thai. 2010 Aug;93(8):892-7. — View Citation

Kuo CH, Sheu BS, Kao AW, Wu CH, Chuang CH. A defoaming agent should be used with pronase premedication to improve visibility in upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Endoscopy. 2002 Jul;34(7):531-4. — View Citation

Lee GJ, Park SJ, Kim SJ, Kim HH, Park MI, Moon W. Effectiveness of Premedication with Pronase for Visualization of the Mucosa during Endoscopy: A Randomized, Controlled Trial. Clin Endosc. 2012 Jun;45(2):161-4. doi: 10.5946/ce.2012.45.2.161. Epub 2012 Jun 30. — View Citation

Zala G, Flury R, Wüst J, Meyenberger C, Ammann R, Wirth HP. [Omeprazole/amoxicillin: improved eradication of Helicobacter pylori in smokers because of N-acetylcysteine]. Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1994 Aug 9;124(31-32):1391-7. German. — View Citation

* Note: There are 13 references in allClick here to view all references

Outcome

Type Measure Description Time frame Safety issue
Other Drug side effects Evaluation of the drug side effects during upper endoscopy (report of any allergic reaction) 1 day (During endoscopy) Yes
Primary Score of mucosal visualization Evaluation of the visibility of gastric mucosa during upper endoscopy using a scale (excelent, adequadate or inadequate) for esophagus, stomach and duodenum 1 day (During endoscopy) No