Outcome
Type |
Measure |
Description |
Time frame |
Safety issue |
Primary |
The FRAIL Scale |
The FRAIL scale (short five-questions assessment of fatigue, resistance, aerobic capacity, illnesses and loss of weight) classified the patients into three categories: robust (score=0), pre-frailty (score=1-2), and frailty (score=3-5) |
Baseline |
|
Primary |
The FRAIL Scale |
The FRAIL scale (short five-questions assessment of fatigue, resistance, aerobic capacity, illnesses and loss of weight) classified the patients into three categories: robust (score=0), pre-frailty (score=1-2), and frailty (score=3-5) |
at 12 weeks after intervention |
|
Primary |
Time up and go test |
The Timed Up and Go test (TUG) is a simple test used to assess a person's mobility and requires both static and dynamic balance. scores of ten seconds or less indicate normal mobility, 11-20 seconds are within normal limits for frail elderly and disabled patients, and greater than 20 seconds means the person needs assistance outside and indicates further examination and intervention. A score of 30 seconds or more suggests that the person may be prone to falls |
Baseline |
|
Primary |
Time up and go test |
The Timed Up and Go test (TUG) is a simple test used to assess a person's mobility and requires both static and dynamic balance. scores of ten seconds or less indicate normal mobility, 11-20 seconds are within normal limits for frail elderly and disabled patients, and greater than 20 seconds means the person needs assistance outside and indicates further examination and intervention. A score of 30 seconds or more suggests that the person may be prone to falls |
at 12 weeks after intervention |
|
Primary |
Sit-to-stand test |
The score is the total number of stands within 30 second. |
Baseline |
|
Primary |
Sit-to-stand test |
The score is the total number of stands within 30 second. |
at 12 weeks after intervention |
|
Primary |
cognitive function (Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale Chinese version) |
Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale Chinese version is a 30-point test that assesses nine cognitive domains (executive function, language, orientation, calculation, conceptual thinking, memory, visual perception, naming and attention). MoCA for MCI detection were 19 in the low-level education group (=6 years), 22 in the mid-level education group (7-12 years) and 24 in the high-level education group (>12 years), respectively. |
Baseline |
|
Primary |
cognitive function (Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale Chinese version) |
Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale Chinese version is a 30-point test that assesses nine cognitive domains (executive function, language, orientation, calculation, conceptual thinking, memory, visual perception, naming and attention). MoCA for MCI detection were 19 in the low-level education group (=6 years), 22 in the mid-level education group (7-12 years) and 24 in the high-level education group (>12 years), respectively. |
at 12 weeks after intervention |
|
Secondary |
depressive symptoms (Chinese version of Clinical Depression Symptom Assessment Scale) |
The Chinese version of Clinical Depression Symptom Assessment Scale contains 18 items assessing all of the DSM-IV inclusion criteria for major depressive disorder as well as psychosocial impairment and quality of life.Total symptom scores on the scale range from 0 to 64. Empirically derived severity score ranges are 0-10 (nondepressed), 11-20 (minimal depression), 21-30 (mild depression), 31-45 (moderate depression), and 46-64 (severe depression). |
Baseline |
|
Secondary |
depressive symptoms (Chinese version of Clinical Depression Symptom Assessment Scale) |
The Chinese version of Clinical Depression Symptom Assessment Scale contains 18 items assessing all of the DSM-IV inclusion criteria for major depressive disorder as well as psychosocial impairment and quality of life.Total symptom scores on the scale range from 0 to 64. Empirically derived severity score ranges are 0-10 (nondepressed), 11-20 (minimal depression), 21-30 (mild depression), 31-45 (moderate depression), and 46-64 (severe depression). |
at 12 weeks after intervention |
|
Secondary |
quality of life ( Taiwan's simplified version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire) |
The Taiwan's simplified version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire is a 28-item instrument consisting of four domains: physical health (7 items), psychological health (6 items), social relationships (4 items), and environmental health (9 items). Higher scores indicates good quality of life. |
Baseline |
|
Secondary |
quality of life ( Taiwan's simplified version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire) |
TheTaiwan's simplified version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire is a 28-item instrument consisting of four domains: physical health (7 items), psychological health (6 items), social relationships (4 items), and environmental health (9 items). Higher scores indicates good quality of life. |
at 12 weeks after intervention |
|