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Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

NCT number NCT05953246
Other study ID # 69580b
Secondary ID
Status Completed
Phase N/A
First received
Last updated
Start date August 7, 2023
Est. completion date August 7, 2023

Study information

Verified date August 2023
Source Stanford University
Contact n/a
Is FDA regulated No
Health authority
Study type Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

The aim of this study is to compare responses to 5 different types of labels for restaurant menus: 1) Control (non-sustainability-label: neutral labels not referencing environmental sustainability); 2) Numeric text-only sustainability label; 3) Endorsement text-only sustainability label; 4) Endorsement icon-only sustainability label; 5) Endorsement text-plus-icon sustainability label. Participants will be randomized to 1 of the 5 labeling arms above. Each participant will view 3 labels (shown in random order) from their randomly assigned labeling arm and respond to survey questions about each label (e.g., attention, perceived effectiveness).


Description:

This is an online randomized controlled trial. Investigators will recruit participants through a survey company to complete an online survey. In the study, participants will be randomized to 1 of 5 labeling arms: 1) Control (non-sustainability-label: neutral labels not referencing environmental sustainability); 2) Numeric text-only sustainability label; 3) Endorsement text-only sustainability label; 4) Endorsement icon-only sustainability label; 5) Endorsement text-plus-icon sustainability label. Participants will be randomized to 1 of the 5 labeling arms above. Each participant will view 3 labels (shown in random order) from their randomly assigned labeling arm and respond to survey questions about each label (e.g., attention, perceived effectiveness).


Recruitment information / eligibility

Status Completed
Enrollment 2207
Est. completion date August 7, 2023
Est. primary completion date August 7, 2023
Accepts healthy volunteers Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Gender All
Age group 18 Years and older
Eligibility Inclusion Criteria: - Participants will be US adults - Ages 18 or older - With an over-sample of adults (50% of total sample) 18-29 years Exclusion Criteria: - Younger than 18 - Non-US

Study Design


Related Conditions & MeSH terms


Intervention

Behavioral:
Neutral labels
Participants view neutral labels (QR codes with and without neutral text) for menu items
Numeric text-only sustainability labels
Participants view labels with numeric text depicting the greenhouse gas emissions associated with production of the menu item
Endorsement text-only sustainability labels
Participants view labels using text to endorse menu items as having low environmental impact
Endorsement icon-only sustainability labels
Participants view labels using icons to endorse menu items as having low environmental impact
Endorsement text-plus-icon sustainability labels
Participants view labels using text and icons to endorse menu items as having low environmental impact

Locations

Country Name City State
United States Stanford School of Medicine Palo Alto California

Sponsors (2)

Lead Sponsor Collaborator
Stanford University Harvard Pilgrim Health Care

Country where clinical trial is conducted

United States, 

Outcome

Type Measure Description Time frame Safety issue
Primary Perceived message effectiveness Participants will rate the extent to which the label makes them want to choose items with the label on a 5-point scale ranging from low (1) to high (5). They will also rate the extent to which the label makes eating items with the label seem appealing to them on a 5-point scale ranging from low (1) to high (5). These items are adapted from the 3-item UNC Perceived Message Effectiveness scale. Investigators will average responses to these two items to create a perceived message effectiveness score, which will also range from low (1) to high (5). Higher scores therefore indicate higher perceived message effectiveness. The survey will take up to 20 minutes
Secondary Attention Participants will rate the extent to which the label captures their attention on a 5-point response scale ranging from low (1) to high (5). Higher scores indicate more attention-grabbing labels (a better outcome). The survey will take up to 20 minutes
Secondary Thinking about environmental effects Participants will rate the extent to which the label makes them think about the environmental impacts of their food choices on a 5-point response scale ranging from low (1) to high (5). Higher scores indicate labels elicit more thinking about environmental effects (a better outcome). The survey will take up to 20 minutes
Secondary Anticipated social interactions Participants will rate how likely they are to talk about the label with others in the next week on a 5-point response scale ranging from low (1) to high (5). Higher scores indicate labels elicit more anticipated social interactions (a better outcome). The survey will take up to 20 minutes
Secondary Believability Participants will rate how believable the label is on a 5-point response scale ranging from low (1) to high (5). Higher scores indicate labels are more believable (a better outcome). The survey will take up to 20 minutes
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