Financial Stress Clinical Trial
Official title:
Using Counterfactual Strategies to Understand and Promote Physical Activity Behavior in Low-socioeconomic Status Individuals
Verified date | December 2021 |
Source | Texas A&M University |
Contact | n/a |
Is FDA regulated | No |
Health authority | |
Study type | Interventional |
Physical activity (PA) has been suggested to lower one's risk of developing cancer, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. While there are benefits from engaging in PA, many people do not engage in enough daily PA, thus increasing the chance of developing non-communicable diseases (NCD). Some NCDs, such as type 2 diabetes, have been shown to occur at higher rates within under-resourced populations, such as low socioeconomic status (SES) communities. Among low-SES communities, external barriers, such as cost and the surrounding physical environment, have been shown to impact engagement in PA. A multi-level PA intervention could be beneficial to help lower NCD health outcomes within at-risk groups, as well as serve as a means to further understand the barriers impeding a healthy lifestyle. At the individual level, past behavior is suggested to be a significant predictor of future behavior. When faced with a NCD diagnosis, one might think about the past and how things could have turned out differently (i.e., counterfactual thinking). For instance, what if a different action had been taken (e.g., "If only I had taken the stairs more at work")? Counterfactuals can also serve as a way of identifying causal links (e.g., "If only there were more green spaces in my area..."). Counterfactuals (CF) on behaviors that can be acted on can facilitate future behavior change by increasing intentions, motivation, and self-efficacy. In this way, CFs might help with 1) breaking a habitual sedentary cycle and 2) identify causal pathways of barriers impacting PA engagement. While preliminary data in the investigators lab suggests that CF strategies are relevant for heightening contemplation to change behaviors and intentions to change behaviors its impact on motivation and self-efficacy remains unknown. Additionally, these preliminary studies were conducted using small, undergraduate student sample, thus generalizability to low-SES individuals living in the surrounding community is unknown. For the proposed study, participants will use CFs to target barriers in different domains and levels of influence impeding PA. This identification effort will be used to work towards increasing PA behavior (collected by wearable fitness trackers). CFs will also be used to work towards increasing psychological domains relevant to behavior change over the span of 14 weeks.
Status | Completed |
Enrollment | 40 |
Est. completion date | December 19, 2022 |
Est. primary completion date | December 19, 2022 |
Accepts healthy volunteers | Accepts Healthy Volunteers |
Gender | All |
Age group | 18 Years and older |
Eligibility | Inclusion Criteria: - 18 years old or older - access to the internet - has a smartphone capable of syncing with a Fitbit Inspire 2 via Bluetooth - and must report low SES by indicating a response of 7 or higher on the Subjective SES Ladder Exclusion Criteria: - Having any physical or cognitive impairment that would impact one's ability to engage in low to moderate levels of exercise - Must not currently be participating or plan to participate in similar studies or programs. |
Country | Name | City | State |
---|---|---|---|
United States | Texas A&M University | College Station | Texas |
Lead Sponsor | Collaborator |
---|---|
Texas A&M University | U.S. National Science Foundation |
United States,
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* Note: There are 19 references in all — Click here to view all references
Type | Measure | Description | Time frame | Safety issue |
---|---|---|---|---|
Primary | Change in Fitbit Active Zone Minutes | As per the description by Fitbit, "...earn Active Zone Minutes for time spent in the fat burn, cardio, or peak heart-rate zones. To help you maximize your time, you earn 2 Active Zone Minutes for each minute you're in the cardio or peak zones. Heart-rate zones are personalized based on your fitness level and age." The tracker will record when the participant enters each personalized target heart rate zone. The Fitbit device automatically adds up the Active Zone Minutes per day and per week. The device registers 1 zone minute per minute spent in the Fat Burn zone, and 2 zone minutes per minute spent in Cardio or Peak zones. | Weekly (14 weeks); collected every day via the Fitbit device for the 14-week duration of the study. Will assess weekly change over the course of the 14 week period. | |
Secondary | Contemplation Ladder | A measure assessing where an individual is in their readiness to changing a specific behavior (Biener & Abrams, 1991).
To assess an individual's contemplation to change their exercise behavior, a Contemplation to Change Ladder (Biener & Abrams, 1991) will be used. This ladder displays response options on a ladder graphic, with rungs starting at 0 and ending at 10; each rung increases by one point value as you go up the ladder. Anchors with text descriptions are located at points 0 (No thought of changing my exercise habits), 2 (Think I need to consider changing my exercise habits someday), 5 (Think I should change my exercise habits but not quite ready), 8 (Starting to think about how to change my exercise habits ), and 10 (Taking action to change my exercise habits). The higher a participant selects a rung on the ladder, the higher the contemplation to change their exercise behavior. |
Weekly (14 weeks); occurring once a week for study weeks 1 through 14. | |
Secondary | Physical Activity Self-Efficacy | A measure assessing an individual's self-efficacy in ability to engage in exercise (Rodgers & Sullivan, 2001).
The self-efficacy measure contains ten items that participants respond to using a 10-point Likert scale, with anchors at 1 (no confidence) and 10 (complete confidence). Higher scores indicate greater confidence to engage in exercise. |
Weekly (14 weeks); occurring once a week for study weeks 1 through 14. | |
Secondary | Physical Activity Motivation | A measure assessing an individual's intrinsic and extrinsic motivational level to engage in physical activity/exercise (Attig & Franke, 2019).
The motivation measure contains four intrinsic motivation (e.g., I am physically active/exercise because this activity is fun.) and four extrinsic motivation (e.g., I am physically active/exercise because I feel that I have to do it.) items. Participants respond using a 6-point Likert scale from 1 (completely disagree) to 6 (completely agree). Higher scores for intrinsic motivation items represent higher intrinsic motivation to exercise and higher scores for extrinsic motivation items represent higher extrinsic motivation to exercise. |
Weekly (14 weeks); occurring once a week for study weeks 1 through 14. | |
Secondary | Physical Activity Intentions | A measure assessing an individual's intentions to engage in physical activity over the next week (Fishbein & Ajzen, 2010).
The intention measure contains three items. Participants respond using a 7-point Likert scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 7 (strongly agree). Higher scores indicate greater intention to engage in physical activity over the next week. |
Weekly (14 weeks); occurring once a week for study weeks 1 through 14. |
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