| Eligibility |
Inclusion Criteria:
1. Able and willing to provide written informed consent
2. Women of childbearing potential (those who are not premenarchal, not surgically
sterilized [hysterectomy or bilateral oophorectomy], or not post-menopausal) may
participate in the study if they meet all of the following conditions:
- they are not breast feeding
- they have a negative serum pregnancy test at screening
- they agree to undertake a serum pregnancy test at screening, at 3 months, and
upon exiting the study
- they do not intend to become pregnant during the study
- they are using adequate birth control methods and they agree to continue using
those methods for the duration of the study
Adequate birth control methods are defined as: hormonal-topical, oral, implantable or
injectable contraceptives; mechanical-spermicide in conjunction with a barrier such as
a condom or diaphragm; IUD; or, surgical sterilization of partner. For non-sexually
active females, abstinence may be regarded as an adequate method of birth control;
however, if the subject becomes sexually active during the study, she must agree to
use an adequate birth control method as described above for the remainder of the
study.
NOTE: Women who have had a bilateral tubal ligation are not considered to have been
surgically sterilized and must agree to the conditions as specified above.
Post-menopausal is defined as no menstrual period for at least one year.
3. = 35 and = 85 years of age
4. BMI <40 kg/m2
5. Clinical suspicion of painful OA of the facet joint(s) in 1 to 4 lumbosacral joints
(within 1 - 2 levels) of greater than 3 months duration.
6. Evidence of OA of the facet in the lumbosacral region on MRI or X-ray within 3 months
(e.g., joint space narrowing, the presence of osteophytes and/or subchondral cysts,
articular process hypertrophy, subchondral bone sclerosis, articular and subarticular
erosions).
7. NRS score for "worst pain in the past 24 hrs" = 5, using the first NRS value collected
in the screening period.
8. History of having attempted a regimen of conservative care, including physical therapy
for = 3 months.
9. Positive response to two diagnostic MBB, defined as = 80% reduction in pain, at any
time within 1 hour, assessed at 1 hour, as self-reported by the subject, following
each diagnostic block.
10. White blood count = 4,500 /uL, absolute neutrophil count (ANC) > 1,000 / uL, platelet
count = 75,000 /uL, Hgb = 10 g/dL
11. Normal prothrombin time (PT) and partial thromboplastin time (PTT).
12. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) = 8%
13. Adequate hepatic function (AST/ALT = 1.5 × ULN, total bilirubin = 1.2 × ULN)
14. Adequate renal function (eGFR = 60 mL/min/1.73 m2)
15. Currently insufficient pain relief from acetaminophen, NSAIDs or other non-opioid
analgesic medications.
Exclusion Criteria:
1. Lactation or pregnancy
2. Cardiovascular instability as indicated by any of the following identified at
screening and verified at least once during the initial screening visit: uncontrolled
hypertension (systolic blood pressure =160 mm Hg or diastolic >100 mm Hg),
uncontrolled arrhythmia or unstable angina pectoris.
3. Cognitive impairment, mental illness, neuroses or untreated depression that would
preclude understanding or reliably completing the patient reported outcome measures
4. History within the past 12 months of gastrointestinal bleeding, myocardial infarction,
chronic renal failure, hepatic fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or
hospitalization other than for elective procedures
5. Non-ambulatory, bedridden, or with active fibromyalgia or central pain syndrome
6. Hypoesthesia, paresthesia, or allodynia in either foot or leg
7. Facet OA pain involving more than two levels (i.e., > 4 FJs)
8. Use of > 30 morphine milligram equivalents (MME) per day (see Study Guide)
9. Score = 21 on the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
10. Allergy to any local anesthetic agents
11. Any of the following conditions:
1. Local (spine) or systemic infection
2. Tumor in the spine
3. Acute (< 3 months duration) vertebral fracture
e. Systemic inflammatory disorder f. Radicular syndrome g. Cauda equina syndrome h.
Ankylosing spondylitis i. Any arthritis not considered osteoarthritis, such as
reactive, rheumatoid, psoriatic or enteropathic arthritis j. History of other
autoimmune disease or Crohn's disease
12. Progressive neurological condition such as Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, Lou Gehrig's
disease, etc.
13. Clinical characteristics suggestive of discogenic pain (i.e., chronic low back pain
that subsides in supine position but aggravated after long-time sitting or standing,
radicular pain)
14. Radiologic evidence and radicular pain indicating symptomatic herniated disc
15. Sacroiliac joint pain or symptomatic nerve root impingement (neurogenic claudication)
related to spinal stenosis
16. Evidence of dynamic listhesis, or fixed listhesis >10 mm accompanied by intermittent
claudication or spinal stenosis
17. Corticosteroid injections within 1 month of screening if injected into the lumbar
spine remote from the index facet joints, or within 3 months of screening if injected
into the index facet joints, or radiofrequency ablation treatment at any level in the
lumbar spine within 6 months of screening for similar symptoms
18. Prior surgery at the involved levels, including "failed back syndrome"
19. History of spinal osteonecrosis, osteoporotic fracture, fracture around the index
facet joint(s) within the past 3 years, or pars interarticularis defect
20. Compensable disability or work injury, ongoing or anticipated litigation related to
back injury
21. Sickle cell disease
22. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) >40mm/hr
23. Use of systemic immunosuppressive medications within past 6 months, including chronic
systemic corticosteroids, chemotherapy, or history of organ transplant (kidney, heart,
lung)
24. Concurrent treatment, or treatment in the past 6 months, with any investigational
agent
25. Severe concurrent illness which, in the view of the investigator, would interfere with
this 12-month study
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