View clinical trials related to Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe.
Filter by:Epilepsy is frequently associated with cognitive and attentional disorders. Several studies have pointed out that there are modifications of brain activity in resting state during peri-ictal period in EEG and functional MRI. However, to date, no study has assessed the changes in attentional control after a seizure. The investigators hypothesize that a localized discharge is associated with a disorganization of the networks engaged in attentional control. In this regard, the investigators propose a prospective longitudinal study assessing the changes in attentional control after a focal seizure.
This is a study of AMT-260 in Adults with Unilateral Refractory Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (MTLE). It is designed to investigate the Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy of AMT-260 in Adults with MTLE Administered via Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)-guided Convection-enhanced Delivery (CED).
Participants with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) enrolled in this study will receive focused ultrasound (FUS) treatment with the NaviFUS System, guided by the neuronavigation system to evaluate the safety and efficacy of using NaviFUS System. During the treatment, the FUS will electronically scan and target to the assigned zones on one or both of the hippocampi. The study consists of a 60-day screening period for baseline observation prior to treatment, a FUS treatment period of 2 weeks for Cohort 1 or 3 weeks for Cohort 2 with 2 FUS treatments per week using the NaviFUS System, and a safety follow-up period of 81 days.
Out of 30,000 new cases per year in France, 30% of epileptic patients are drug-resistant. Neurosurgery, which consists in resecting the epileptogenic zone, is the only chance of cure. In the case of temporal epilepsy of the language-dominant hemisphere (TLE), this procedure presents a high risk of increasing cognitive difficulties and may even be contraindicated for this reason alone. The difficulties found are impairments in lexical access (anomia) and verbal memory and affect more than 60% of patients . Preoperative cognitive rehabilitation could influence brain plasticity mechanisms but there are currently no recommendations on this topic. In this context, the investigators have developed a speech rehabilitation procedure specific to the needs of ELTPR patients. They rely on cognitive hypotheses explaining the disorders but also on models of rehabilitation-induced neural plasticity likely to improve cognitive reserve before surgery. The investigators hypothesize that preoperative cognitive language rehabilitation in ELTPR patients may decrease surgical risk and improve postoperative language prognosis. The primary objective is to demonstrate the protective efficacy of preoperative speech rehabilitation on language performance postoperatively.
In this study, participants will receive unilateral Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) for treatment of epilepsy, with network-based stimulation targets specifically defined using a stereo-electro-encephalographic evaluation and chronic recordings using the Medtronic Percept™ primary cell (PC) Neurostimulator DBS System with BrainSense™ Technology. The hypothesis is that, compared to no stimulation or to standard duty cycle high frequency stimulation, epilepsy neuromodulation using low frequency stimulation and informed by network architecture in patients with epilepsy that arises in a hippocampus that also subserves memory - epilepsy in a precious hippocampus (EPH) - will result in a significant decrease in seizure frequency and severity, paralleled by a decrease in EEG spike counts and improved memory function.
Anterior temporal epilepsy is the most frequent form of focal epilepsy (more than 50% of focal epilepsies). The epilepsy is drug-resistant when epileptic seizures persist despite antiepileptic treatment (25% of cases). In this case, it is possible to offer a surgical solution to the patient: an anterior temporal lobectomy. This surgery consists of removing the entire portion of the temporal lobe responsible for epilepsy (epileptogenic zone), that is to say a major part of the temporal pole, the hippocampus and the ventral anterior temporal lobe (vATL). The goal of the surgery is to lead to a disappearance of the seizures while preserving the functions of the patient. This is why a pre-surgical assessment is systematically carried out in order to locate the epileptic focus and to predict the risks of neurological and cognitive deficits. The vATL is of particular interest because it is a highly functional region, involved in naming, semantic processing and face recognition. A resection of this region by anterior lobectomy can therefore impact these functions and lead to cognitive deficits (for example, up to 65% decline in naming), which can be disabling in the lives of patients, even if they are free from seizures. One of the major challenges of epilepsy surgery is therefore to predict the postoperative neuropsychological outcome. The prediction of the neuropsychological outcome of the post-surgery patient is largely based on the mapping of functional regions preoperatively, carried out by functional MRI (fMRI), or by electrical stimulation carried out during intracerebral exploration by StereoElectroEncephalography (SEEG). However, current techniques have drawbacks. Electrical stimulations are based on an invasive exploration (SEEG), are time-consuming and sometimes difficult to interpret. The fMRI sequences used in clinical routine do not make it possible to visualize the entire vATL region because of artifacts related to the auditory canal. Thus, the signal is strongly diminished in this region, rendering a large area of the vATL invisible. This results in insufficient visualization of activated vATL regions when performing tasks such as naming, semantic processing, and face recognition. Important functional regions can therefore be removed during surgery and negatively impact the patient's neuropsychological outcome. In the CARTA study, original methods are associated in order to increase the signal-to-noise ratio in vATL. On the one hand, the Multi-Band sequence, an innovative fMRI sequence, will be used. On the other hand, a particular method of presentation of visual stimuli will be used, called fast periodic visual stimulation (FPVS: Fast Periodic Visual Stimulation), during which the stimuli are presented periodically (fixed frequency). Individually, these methods improve vATL (signal enhancement) exploration. The investigators assume that the combination of the two methods may have a potentiating effect, compared to the standard SMS (Simultaneous Multi-Slice) sequence. fMRI exploration will not influence the surgical management of the patient included in the study because it is the beginning of the development of this technique, but could be used, in the longer term, to guide the surgeries of epileptic patients. Thus, the goal of this study is to precisely map the vATL, using innovative methods in fMRI. This mapping will make it possible to study the cerebral functions of the vATL involved in naming, semantic processing and face recognition, and ultimately improve the postoperative neuropsychological prognosis of epileptic patients.
This study investigates whether the sense of agency is sensitive to self-regulation by means of EEG-based neurofeedback. During neurofeedback, the brain activity in response to a motor task is recorded in real-time and displayed back to the participants. The participants can therefore use this information to adapt their performance on the motor task.
Nearly 100 million Americans are affected by neurological disorders with an overall cost above $765 billion for the more prevalent conditions. Given this significant burden, effective treatments to prevent dementia and new disease modifying therapies are urgently needed. Regeneration of lost neurons with new ones (i.e., neurogenesis) is compromised at early stages of dementia and in part correlates with cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease. Boosting the neurogenesis delays the cognitive impairment in animal models of dementia and has been proven beneficial in improving the memory in rodent studies. Aerobic exercise is the most potent known stimulator of neurogenesis in animal models. A crucial next step is to translate endogenous regenerative strategies to people. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the feasibility and investigate the effects of an exercise program on neurogenesis and cognitive improvement in epilepsy patients.
This clinical trial is designed to test whether a single stereotactic intracerebral administration of inhibitory nerve cells into subjects with drug-resistant mesial temporal lobe epilepsy is safe (frequency of adverse events) and effective (seizure frequency).
Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a chronically neurological disease characterized by progressive seizures. TLE is the most frequent subtype of refractory focal epilepsy in adults. Epilepsy surgery has proven to be very efficient in TLE and superior to medical therapy in two randomized controlled trials. According to the previous experience, the investigators use functional anterior temporal lobectomy (FATL) via minicraniotomy for TLE. To date, this minimally invasive open surgery has been not reported. The investigators here present a protocol of a prospective trail which for the first time evaluates the outcomes of this new surgical therapy for TLE.