Endometrial Receptivity clinical trials

Endometrial Effects of Sildenafil in Frozen-Thawed Cycles in Women With Thin Endometrium

Management of Thin endometrium in IVF is challenging. Thin endometrium is often defined as <7 mm or < 8 mm on the day of Human Gonadotropin administration(Bu and Sun, 2015; Wu et al., 2014). Its incidence is 1-2.5% in most studies ( AlGhamdi et al.,2008). Endometrial thickness and endometrial vascularity is closely linked to endometrial receptivity.Improving endometrial receptivity is a predictor of the success in IVF. Many medications have been tried to improve endometrial thickness as Aspirin,sildenafil citrate,luteal estradiol and Granulocyte colony stimulating factor. Nitric oxide (NO) is a key signaling molecule involved in the vasodilator response of smooth muscle cells. NO activates the cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)/protein kinase G (PKG) pathway within smooth muscle cells to promote smooth muscle cell relaxation. Sildenafil citrate inhibits phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) maintaining activation of cGMP and PKG and maximizing the effect of existing NO, thus facilitating smooth muscle cell relaxation. The potent vasodilator action of sildenafil has led researchers to evaluate sildenafil as a treatment in assisted reproduction where low uterine blood flow is perceived to be a contributor to implantation failure (Fairouzabadi et al.2013). The investigators aim at this study to investigate the role of sildenafil citrate on endometrial and subendometrial vasculature in women with thin endometrium undergoing Frozen-Thawed IVF cycles.