View clinical trials related to Encephalitis.
Filter by:This study evaluates the immunogenicity and safety of a purified inactivated JE vaccine compared to a commercialized JE vaccine. In this phase III, randomized, blind trial, infants at 6-23 months of age were randomly assigned to three groups to receive experimental vaccine or control vaccine with two different vaccination schedule respectively.
Blood flow through the brain is reduced after brain damage. Secondary brain ischemia caused by hypoxia and hypotension, further increase the susceptibility of the ischemically compromised brain to secondary impairment during this period. In order to determine whether and to what extent blockage of the stellate ganglion (BSG) affects the blood flow to the injured brain, the investigators will measure the variables of brain blood flow before and after BSG using computed tomography angiography (CTA), trans-cranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD), intracranial pressure (ICP) and perfusion computed tomography (PCT) of the brain. At the same time, the investigators would like to evaluate whether and to what extent BSG affects the aseptic inflammatory brain injury response and the biochemical indicators of brain damage in patients with moderate and severe brain injury.
Background: Patients with suspected brain infections pose major challenges to low and middle income countries, including their disproportionately high burden, diverse causes with inadequate surveillance, requirement for invasive and expensive tests, and the difficulty of management without a clear diagnosis. This is all compounded by resource and system constraints. Few studies have attempted to improve the care of these people in resource-limited settings. Aim: This study sets out to improve the diagnosis and early management of people with suspected acute (<28 days of symptoms) brain infections in low and middle income countries, using a coordinated thematic approach. Outcomes: The primary outcome will be proportion of people with suspected acute brain infection receiving a diagnosis. Secondary outcomes will include mortality, length of stay in hospital, quality of life, degree of disability, and proportion having a lumbar puncture test. Participants: Children and adults with features consistent with an acute brain infection, including meningitis and encephalitis, will be recruited at a variety of hospitals in Brazil, India and Malawi. Study procedures: An assessment of current practice and capabilities at each hospital, including patient and sample journey observations and interviews with healthcare staff, will identify barriers to optimal care. Using this, a sustainable pragmatic multi-component intervention will be produced, with components modifiable to each hospital's needs. Outcomes will be reassessed post-intervention.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of IGIV 10% in patients with autoimmune encephalitis
Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) leads to alterations in brain structure and function by spinal nerve damage, secondary inflammatory responses, and by the consequences of living with paralysis and neuropathic pain. Physical inactivity due to lower body paralysis rapidly leads to loss of muscle, and risk of heart disease. The leading cause of death after a spinal cord injury is cardiovascular disease, and just a year after injury, those with SCI have a peak exercise capacity half that of the unfit general population. The good news is that aerobic exercise reduces the risk of chronic metabolic and cardiorespiratory diseases, reduces inflammation and pain, and increases mood and quality of life. Exercise can also reduce brain inflammation, enhance endogenous analgesia, and increases the size of the hippocampus. The issue is that muscle paralysis in SCI restricts the ability to achieve the levels of exercise that is necessary for broad analgesic, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective benefits. Arm exercise can have some effects on heart and lung capacity, but the small muscle mass is insufficient to produce more than modest aerobic work. With functional electrical stimulation (FES), leg muscles that are paralyzed can be made to contract, thereby allowing more of the body to be exercised. The full rowing stroke is produced by both the (stimulated) legs and arms, increasing the active muscle mass and resulting in an aerobic work-out that is intensive enough to improve heart, lung, and - maybe - brain function. In this clinical trial of sub-acute spinal cord injured subjects, the investigators will study how 12 weeks of FES-RT, in comparisons to 12 weeks of wait-list, changes pain, brain structure, endogenous opioid function and brain inflammation. The investigators will measure changes using positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. The investigators hypothesize a decrease in pain interference, an increase in hippocampal volume, increased endogenous opioid transmission in the periaqueductal gray, and decreased hippocampus neuroinflammation.
To assess safety and tolerability as well as immune responses to the MVA-BN-WEV vaccine in the 3 treatment groups receiving different doses.
Autoimmune encephalitis involve autoantibodies targeting central nervous system, and particularly the synapse or its structure like for LGI1 protein. Anti-LGI1 encephalitis is revealed by an inflammation of the limbic system, with mainly temporal lobe, faciobrachial dystonic or generalized seizures, and cognitive disorders. This disease is rare and its clinical, EEG and radiological characterisation is not sufficiently established. The investigators will evaluate these three aspects for the anti-LGI1 cohort of patients of the National Reference Center of autoimmune encephalitis.
Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) are characterized by subacute onset of memory deficits, altered mental status or psychiatric symptoms, frequently associated with seizures, inflammatory cerebrospinal fluid and in cases with prominent limbic involvement, typical magnetic resonance imaging. Several autoantibodies (Ab) may be detected in AE, although its detection is not mandatory to establish a diagnosis. These Ab mainly recognize different synaptic and cell-surface proteins in the central nervous system, and are thought to be pathogenic as they alter the normal location or function of its antigens. The primary trigger of the immune response is unknown for most of AE. In addition to acquired susceptibility, genetic predisposition may also be important in the pathogenesis of AE. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) is the genetic factor most frequently associated with autoimmune diseases, due to its genetic complexity and key role in the adaptive immune response. The aim of the study is to describe HLA profile in three groups of autoimmune encephalitis and related disorders: anti-LGI1, anti-CASPR2 and anti-GAD neurological diseases.
acute viral encephalitis is used to describe restricted CNS involvement (namely, involvement of the brain, sparing the meninges)
This study will analyze gene expression and other laboratory data from biological samples collected from participants with suspected respiratory, urinary, intra-abdominal, and/or skin & soft tissue infections; or suspected sepsis of any cause.