Diet, Physical Activity, and Sleep Habits

Diet Habit Clinical Trial

— DPAS  

Official title:

Diet, Physical Activity, and Sleep Habits

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT04035421
• Other study ID #: UTK IRB-19-05178-XP
• Status: Completed
• Start date: July 13, 2019
• Est. completion date: August 16, 2021

Study information

• Verified date: August 2021
• Source: The University of Tennessee, Knoxville
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Observational

Clinical Trial Summary

This study aims to observe if consistency in a young adult's schedule is related to health factors and outcomes, such as diet quality, amount of physical activity and sleep, and weight.

Description:

During young adulthood, patterns regarding physical activity,1,2 dietary intake,3 and weight status4 are established that track into later life and can impact health. Social and physical cues also impact patterns-particularly those cues that may influence biological and behavioral rhythms which can influence the Circadian Timing System (CTS).5 Chronotype, the timing of sleep patterns, is closely tied to the CTS as it reflects sleep in relation to the light and dark cycle, with morning-type (MT) having a pattern that should assist with better entrainment (sleep better entrained to the physical cues of light/dark).6 Research has found that chronotype is related to several areas important to health, including diet,6-11 physical activity,12-14 weight regulation.15-18. As a whole, research in this area suggests that MT individuals are more likely to consume a healthier eating pattern, be more physically active, and more successfully manage their weight. However, the research in this area for young adults is limited.

While there has been research regarding chronotype and diet, activity, and weight management, there is a paucity of research on the relationship between social cues and social rhythms, which also influence the CTS, and health related outcomes. Social rhythms, as measured by the Social Rhythm Metric (SRM), are related to chronotype, such that MT is related to a higher SRM.19-21 Due to the relationship between SRM and chronotype, and chronotype and diet, physical activity, and weight management, it would be anticipated that SRM is also related to these health outcomes. Specifically, it would be anticipated that more consistent social rhythms (higher SRM) would be related to a healthier eating pattern, greater physical activity, and weight management. However, this relationship has never been investigated.

Therefore, to better understand how social rhythms, which are triggered by social cues, are related to health, this investigation will be assessing both chronotype and SRM and collecting measures on diet quality, via food records, physical activity and sleep, via accelerometers, and anthropometrics, via BMI. The population of interest for this study is specifically young adults because young adulthood is a time period when health patterns are established for the rest of life. This study aims to observe if consistency in a young adult's schedule is related to health factors and outcomes, such as diet quality, amount of physical activity and sleep, and weight.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 63
• Est. completion date: August 16, 2021
• Est. primary completion date: August 16, 2021
• Accepts healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years to 35 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Between the ages of 18-35 years

• Able to pass the Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire for Everyone (PAR-Q+) indicating that they have no health conditions that limit their ability to engage in physical activity

• Access to an email address and internet each day during their participation

• An town when all measures are collected

• Taking classes and/or working a job when all measures are collected

Exclusion Criteria:

• Pregnant

• Allergy to stainless steel, making the participant unable to wear Body Media Armband

• Dietary restrictions of any kind

• Shift work, here defined as having to work a shift for any period of time between the hours of 12 am and 6 am

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Diet Habit

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
United States	Healthy Eating and Activity Lab, University of Tennessee	Knoxville	Tennessee

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
The University of Tennessee, Knoxville

Country where clinical trial is conducted

United States, 

References & Publications (21)

Arora T, Taheri S. Associations among late chronotype, body mass index and dietary behaviors in young adolescents. Int J Obes (Lond). 2015 Jan;39(1):39-44. doi: 10.1038/ijo.2014.157. Epub 2014 Aug 19. — View Citation

Caspersen CJ, Pereira MA, Curran KM. Changes in physical activity patterns in the United States, by sex and cross-sectional age. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2000 Sep;32(9):1601-9. — View Citation

Culnan E, Kloss JD, Grandner M. A prospective study of weight gain associated with chronotype among college freshmen. Chronobiol Int. 2013 Jun;30(5):682-90. doi: 10.3109/07420528.2013.782311. Epub 2013 May 20. — View Citation

Dunn JE, Liu K, Greenland P, Hilner JE, Jacobs DR Jr. Seven-year tracking of dietary factors in young adults: the CARDIA study. Am J Prev Med. 2000 Jan;18(1):38-45. — View Citation

Fleig D, Randler C. Association between chronotype and diet in adolescents based on food logs. Eat Behav. 2009 Apr;10(2):115-8. doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2009.03.002. Epub 2009 Mar 29. — View Citation

Gontijo CA, Cabral BBM, Balieiro LCT, Teixeira GP, Fahmy WM, Maia YCP, Crispim CA. Time-related eating patterns and chronotype are associated with diet quality in pregnant women. Chronobiol Int. 2019 Jan;36(1):75-84. doi: 10.1080/07420528.2018.1518328. Epub 2018 Sep 13. — View Citation

Harrex HAL, Skeaff SA, Black KE, Davison BK, Haszard JJ, Meredith-Jones K, Quigg R, Saeedi P, Stoner L, Wong JE, Skidmore PML. Sleep timing is associated with diet and physical activity levels in 9-11-year-old children from Dunedin, New Zealand: the PEDALS study. J Sleep Res. 2018 Aug;27(4):e12634. doi: 10.1111/jsr.12634. Epub 2017 Nov 20. — View Citation

Kogevinas M, Espinosa A, Castelló A, Gómez-Acebo I, Guevara M, Martin V, Amiano P, Alguacil J, Peiro R, Moreno V, Costas L, Fernández-Tardón G, Jimenez JJ, Marcos-Gragera R, Perez-Gomez B, Llorca J, Moreno-Iribas C, Fernández-Villa T, Oribe M, Aragones N, Papantoniou K, Pollán M, Castano-Vinyals G, Romaguera D. Effect of mistimed eating patterns on breast and prostate cancer risk (MCC-Spain Study). Int J Cancer. 2018 Nov 15;143(10):2380-2389. doi: 10.1002/ijc.31649. Epub 2018 Jul 17. — View Citation

Martin JS, Hébert M, Ledoux E, Gaudreault M, Laberge L. Relationship of chronotype to sleep, light exposure, and work-related fatigue in student workers. Chronobiol Int. 2012 Apr;29(3):295-304. doi: 10.3109/07420528.2011.653656. — View Citation

Maukonen M, Kanerva N, Partonen T, Männistö S. Chronotype and energy intake timing in relation to changes in anthropometrics: a 7-year follow-up study in adults. Chronobiol Int. 2019 Jan;36(1):27-41. doi: 10.1080/07420528.2018.1515772. Epub 2018 Sep 13. — View Citation

Mongrain V, Carrier J, Dumont M. Chronotype and sex effects on sleep architecture and quantitative sleep EEG in healthy young adults. Sleep. 2005 Jul;28(7):819-27. — View Citation

Monk TH, Buysse DJ, Potts JM, DeGrazia JM, Kupfer DJ. Morningness-eveningness and lifestyle regularity. Chronobiol Int. 2004 May;21(3):435-43. — View Citation

Monk TH, Flaherty JF, Frank E, Hoskinson K, Kupfer DJ. The Social Rhythm Metric. An instrument to quantify the daily rhythms of life. J Nerv Ment Dis. 1990 Feb;178(2):120-6. — View Citation

Nelson MC, Story M, Larson NI, Neumark-Sztainer D, Lytle LA. Emerging adulthood and college-aged youth: an overlooked age for weight-related behavior change. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2008 Oct;16(10):2205-11. doi: 10.1038/oby.2008.365. — View Citation

Olds TS, Maher CA, Matricciani L. Sleep duration or bedtime? Exploring the relationship between sleep habits and weight status and activity patterns. Sleep. 2011 Oct 1;34(10):1299-307. doi: 10.5665/SLEEP.1266. — View Citation

Ross KM, Graham Thomas J, Wing RR. Successful weight loss maintenance associated with morning chronotype and better sleep quality. J Behav Med. 2016 Jun;39(3):465-71. doi: 10.1007/s10865-015-9704-8. Epub 2015 Dec 10. — View Citation

Roßbach S, Diederichs T, Nöthlings U, Buyken AE, Alexy U. Relevance of chronotype for eating patterns in adolescents. Chronobiol Int. 2018 Mar;35(3):336-347. doi: 10.1080/07420528.2017.1406493. Epub 2017 Dec 12. — View Citation

Ruiz-Lozano T, Vidal J, de Hollanda A, Scheer FAJL, Garaulet M, Izquierdo-Pulido M. Timing of food intake is associated with weight loss evolution in severe obese patients after bariatric surgery. Clin Nutr. 2016 Dec;35(6):1308-1314. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2016.02.007. Epub 2016 Feb 16. — View Citation

Serdula MK, Ivery D, Coates RJ, Freedman DS, Williamson DF, Byers T. Do obese children become obese adults? A review of the literature. Prev Med. 1993 Mar;22(2):167-77. Review. — View Citation

Shechter A, St-Onge MP. Delayed sleep timing is associated with low levels of free-living physical activity in normal sleeping adults. Sleep Med. 2014 Dec;15(12):1586-9. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2014.07.010. Epub 2014 Sep 2. — View Citation

Wright KP Jr, McHill AW, Birks BR, Griffin BR, Rusterholz T, Chinoy ED. Entrainment of the human circadian clock to the natural light-dark cycle. Curr Biol. 2013 Aug 19;23(16):1554-8. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2013.06.039. Epub 2013 Aug 1. — View Citation

* Note: There are 21 references in all — Click here to view all references

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Diet Quality 1	Healthy Eating Index Score calculated using a three-day food record	Through study completion, 1 week
Primary	Diet Quality 2	Total energy intake will be assessed using a three-day food record	Through study completion, 1 week
Primary	Physical Activity 1	Minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity will be assessed using SenseWear Armbands	Through study completion, 1 week
Primary	Physical Activity 2	Energy expenditure from moderate to vigorous physical activity will be assessed using SenseWear Armbands	Through study completion, 1 week
Primary	Sleep 1	Length of sleep will be assessed using SenseWear Armbands	Through study completion, 1 week
Primary	Sleep 2	Sleep efficiency will be assessed using SenseWear Armbands	Through study completion, 1 week
Secondary	Body Mass Index (BMI)	BMI will be calculated using height and weight measurements	Baseline appointment
Secondary	Body Composition	Body fat percentage will be assessed using the Body Composition Analyzer TBF-300 (TANITA Corporation, Tokyo, Japan)	Baseline appointment
Secondary	Chronotype	Chronotype will be assessed using the Composite Score for Morningness	Baseline appointment