View clinical trials related to Diarrhea.
Filter by:This study will use a noninferiority design to examine whether the administration of L rhamnosus ATCC 53103 & L reuteri DSM 29063 (Flostrum Baby) is no worse than (or as good as) the administration of a recommended probiotic L rhamnosus ATCC 53103 (commercially available as Dicoflor, hereafter a reference product) for the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children,
Chronic diarrhea is a common condition and a key symptom in many disorders. It is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and one of the most common reasons for referral to a gastroenterology clinic.The prevalence varies depending on population and the definition of diarrhea used. It affects approximately 5% of the population at any given point in time, although the exact prevalence is unknown. Diarrhea is associated with 4 pathophysiological mechanisms: osmotic, secretory, exudative and altered motility. It is more useful to classify patients presenting with symptoms of diarrhea according to ''functional'' or ''organic'' characteristics. It is usually difficult to make a reliable differentiation between organic and functional causes in patients with chronic diarrhea based only on history and physical examination . The standard evaluation of patients with chronic diarrhea that begins with a detailed history, a careful physical examination and then basic diagnostic tests is critical for optimal treatment and prevention. Initially, thought needs to exclude several other possibilities as (a) fecal incontinence masquerading as diarrhea, (b) iatrogenic diarrhea due to drugs, surgery, or therapeutic radiation, (c) chronic infections, and (d) irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D). The detection of a broad array of potentially offending agents has traditionally required a combination of microbiologic approaches, including bacterial culture, antigen detection, microscopy, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The new multiplex PCR-based panels have several advantages over conventional methods including (i) reduced sample volume requirements, (ii) broad coverage without the need to select specific tests, (iii) enhanced ability to detect coinfections (iv) increased sensitivity and specificity as high as 97-100% and (v) higher throughput.The food and drug administration (FDA) cleared and recommended the use of FilmArray GI panel (BioFire Diagnostics), which targets 22 analytes (bacteria with bacterial toxin, viruses, and parasites)
This study is a randomized, placebo-controlled, single-masked (blinded), post-marketing clinical study of a drug Lactobacillus Reuteri NCIMB 30351 drops in functional disorders of gastrointestinal tract and skin symptoms of food allergies in children between the ages of one and four months inclusive. The aim of the study is to assess clinical effects of probiotics Lactobacillus Reuteri NCIMB 30351 drops on the symptoms of infantile colic, constipation, diarrhea, gastroesophageal reflux, atopic dermatitis/eczema in full-term newborns during the first months of life, laboratory parameters of microbiome will also be assessed. A prospective study comparing two treatment groups: Group 1 (treatment group) - 60 infants. Group 2 (control group) - 30 infants, placebo. The study drug will be taken in 1 time per day within 25 days. Allowed symptomatic therapy includes defoamers (simethicone-based preparations), carminative preparations (dill water (fennel)), etc.
The goal of this pilot study is to assess the feasibility of randomizing hospitalized patients that are colonized with C. difficile and started on systemic antibiotics to either a probiotic, oral vancomycin, or placebo in a parallel-group 1:1:1 design. The ultimate goal is to conduct an appropriately-powered RCT to determine the optimal method for reducing C difficile infection in colonized patients.
Acute diarrhea and acute colitis of infectious origin are common reasons for consultation at the emergency department. The current etiological diagnostic approach is limited to the determination of markers of inflammation, such as CRP and blood leukocytes, which lack specificity and sensitivity for bacterial infection. The stool culture can detect bacterial pathogens in the stool with a result at least 48 hours later and a positivity rate <50%. This study will describe the procalcitonin (PCT) concentrations (a biomarker of bacterial infection) in this population to evaluate its usefulness depending on the viral or bacterial etiology identified by stool multiplex gastro-intestinal PCR panel (GI panel) and stool culture. The investigators hypothesize that PCT levels will be higher if the GI panel or the stool culture identifies a bacteria or a parasite, as it is the case in respiratory tract infections. If there is a detection of a virus by the GI panel or both the stool culture and the GI panel are negative, the investigators expect that PCT values will be lower or negative. the investigators will include the patients admitted to the ED with a suspicion of infectious diarrhea or acute colitis in order to have a large representative panel of infectious diarrhea etiologies. Only the patients having a blood sample prescribed as the routine care will be included. The blood sample is useful for dosing CRP and whole blood cell count (WBC), which are part of current biologic analyses performed in this context. After getting the patient's consent, the investigator will add the PCT dosage in blood sampling and will ask the patient to provide a stool sample, in order to have a stool culture and to perform an extended investigation for the pathogens through multiplex PCR technology (Filmarray ®GI panel). The physician will be asked if all these results (the ones ordered currently together with the dosage of PCT and the GI panel) will change his/her decision to start an antibiotic. Patients will receive a phone call at day 15 after their initial admission in the emergency department and will be asked if he/she has consulted a new physician or if a new treatment by antibiotics was started. Data collection procedures: Data from the medical file will be collected by the investigators and the emergency department clinical research assistant. All the data will be pseudonymized. The collection will be done at the day of admission in the emergency department and after the phone interview at Day15.
This study seeks to correlate microbiome sequencing data with information provided by patients and their medical records.
To investigate the use of antibiotic prophylaxis in patients undergoing TURP and TURB. The investigators set up a prospective, randomized controlled trial in which (after exclusion of risk factors) patients will be randomized in receiving levofloxacin (Tavanic) orally or no antibiotics. The exclusion criteria for TURP are a pre-operative transurethral catheter or > 100 urinary white blood cells in the pre-operative urine sample. The exclusion criteria for TURB are a pre-op catheter or clinical signs of infection.
Acute diarrhea in children is a public health problem. It is estimated that children under 3 years are subject to 1 or 2 episodes of diarrhea per year in Europe. These diarrheal episodes are frequent, expensive and responsible for many consultations and hospitalizations in developed countries. The origin of diarrhea in children is viral in about 70% of cases. The diagnosis of a viral infection is often considered without microbiological evidence. However, microbiological evidence is recommended for certain categories of patients. The involvement of bacteria or parasites in the child's diarrhea does not seem negligible. The main objective of this study is to estimate the prevalence of infectious diarrhea among summer diarrhea in children leading to pediatric emergency room visits. Secondarily, we will describe the pathogens responsible for childhood diarrhea during the summer period, describe common factors that can serve as guidance on the etiology of diarrhea, and describe common factors that can be used as tools. preventive to the transmission of these pathogens.
This study is intended to evaluate: 1. Any changes in the gut microbiome from baseline compared to end of study in both healthy (HIV-negative) subjects and HIV+ patients with or without chronic diarrhea, following one month of treatment with crofelemer (Mytesi), delayed release 125 mg tablets twice daily (BID) following one month of treatment. 2. The safety and tolerability of crofelemer, (Mytesi) delayed release 125 mg tablets BID in healthy (HIV-negative) volunteers and HIV+ patients following one month of treatment.
The investigators propose to investigate Microbiota Transfer Therapy (MTT) for treating children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and gastrointestinal problems (primarily constipation and/or diarrhea). MTT involves a combination of 10 days of oral vancomycin (an antibiotic to kill pathogenic bacteria), followed by a bowel cleanse, followed by 12 weeks of Fecal Microbiota (FM).