View clinical trials related to Dependence.
Filter by:The aim of this study; Investigation of the effects on the musculoskeletal system and sleep by determining the nomophobia levels of individuals between the ages of 18-25.
The goal of this observational study is to assess the effect of functional status on bariatric surgical thirty-day outcomes. The main questions it aims to answer are: - Is functional status associated with higher incidence of 30-day unplanned resource utilization? - Is functional status associated with higher incidences of secondary adverse events? Participants will be sampled from the 2015-2019 American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program
Adult Day Care Centers (ADCC) offer important relief and rest services for family caregivers. However, some caregivers report that behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) arise when they prepare dependents for the ADCC, especially when they have dementia. This issue increases stress for caregivers and contributes to a worsening of their mental health and quality of life. The present study evaluates the effectiveness of a behavioral intervention program aimed at reducing the reluctance of the dependent to attend the ADCC. We hope that reducing resistance will have a positive influence on the mental health of caregivers.
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a multifactorial intervention program based on physical activity and diet, memory workshops and review of medication, to modify frailty parameters, muscle strength and physical and cognitive performance in people 65 years or older with a positive screening for frailty. Secondly, to assess changes in falls, hospitalizations, nutritional risk, disability and institutionalization or home-care. Methods: randomized clinical trial with a control group, of one year and a half of follow-up, conducted in eight primary care teams in Barcelona. Individuals to be included are 65 years or older with positive frailty screening, timed get-up-and-go between 10 to 30 seconds, and cognitive Lobo test greater than or equal to 18. 165 patients will be selected in each group (difference to be detected on physical performance (Short physical performance battery (SPPB)): 0.5 units; common Standard Deviation : 1.42, 20% lost to follow-up). Intervention: consists in three different actions on frailty dimensions, applied to each subject in the intervention group, in groups of 15 participants: rehabilitative therapy plus intake of hyperproteic shakes, memory workshop and review of the medication. Evaluations will be blinded and conducted at 0, 3 and 18 months. Analysis of variance for repeated measures to adjust for differences attributable to intervention effect and for potential confounders such as comorbidity, sensory limitations, social risk, other medical or social interventions, among others.
Background: Rimonabant, a CB1 receptor antagonist, blocks effects of cannabinoids and, in dependent animals, elicits cannabinoid withdrawal. No studies have examined rimonabantelicited cannabis withdrawal in humans. Goals: (1) Determine the lowest single dose of oral rimonabant that elicits measurable cannabinoid withdrawal. (2) Characterize cognitive performance, subjective state, physiological condition, and regional brain activation (measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging [fMRI]) during acute and chronic administration of oral delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and during cannabis withdrawal. (3) Characterize the pharmacokinetics of oral THC and metabolites in body fluids and hair and of rimonabant in plasma. Subject Population: Up to 60 completing cannabis users aged 18-45 (up to 24 in Experiment I, 36 in Experiment II) and 18 completing non-drug-using controls (Experiment II). Enrollment target is 82% Caucasian, 14% African American, 4% other; 9% Hispanic; 35% women. Experimental Design and Methods: Experiment I: In this within-subject, randomized, double-blind, dose-escalation study, six participants receive 7 days of THC (40-120 mg/day). On Day 8, five participants receive 20 mg rimonabant; one receives placebo. If withdrawal criteria (greater than or equal to 150% or 2.5-fold increase in selected visual-analog scales) are not met in all five participants receiving rimonabant, separate groups of six are similarly treated with 40, 60 or 80 mg rimonabant, if necessary. The PI and MRP will submit all adverse events and relevant cardiovascular and scientific data to the IRB at the completion of each rimonabant dose panel. When the extramural NIDA DSMB is in place, it will review all data collected to date and develop and implement a monitoring plan, including review on completion of each dose cohort. DSMB recommendations will be reviewed by the Sponsor, Clinical Director and IRB before proceeding to the next dose cohort. In addition, if any subject has an intolerable adverse event (ie, an adverse event leading to study discontinuation) or serious adverse event in response to rimonabant on Day 8, the blind for that subject will be broken, and a report sent to the Sponsor, the extramural NIDA DSMB when in place and the IRB for discussion. Experiment II: In this randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study, 36 participants receive 7 days of THC (40-120 mg/day). On Day 8, 18 participants receive rimonabant dose determined in Experiment I to elicit cannabis withdrawal; 18 participants receive placebo rimonabant to evaluate spontaneous cannabis withdrawal. Cognitive, psychological, physiological and hormonal measures are monitored to determine onset, magnitude, and duration of THC intoxication and withdrawal and to correlate with THC and rimonabant pharmacokinetics. Changes in blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal are determined with five fMRI scans throughout the study. Eighteen non-drug-using controls undergo scanning and cognitive testing at similar intervals. Risks and Benefits: The proposed doses of THC and rimonabant have been well tolerated in other studies. The most common side effects of oral THC are sedation, cognitive impairment, euphoria, poor coordination, tachycardia, and hypotension. Spontaneous withdrawal from cannabis is mild and medically benign. Experience with other drugs suggests that antagonist-elicited cannabis withdrawal may have an earlier onset and greater intensity than spontaneous cannabis withdrawal. There are no clinical benefits to participants. Scientific benefits are greater understanding of cannabis intoxication, tolerance, and withdrawal and of the role of rimonabant in eliciting cannabis withdrawal.
Background: - The therapeutic modalities of cannabis have received more research attention recently with the discovery of its ability to stimulate appetite and to provide pain and nausea relief in patients with AIDS, cancer, and multiple sclerosis, among other diseases. Sativex(Registered Trademark), an experimental drug derived from the marijuana plant, contains tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), both of which affect brain activity. Sativex(Registered Trademark) is being tested to determine how and to what extent it affects brain activity. - Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) uses magnetic waves to study brain activity. Researchers are interested in using fMRI to study how Sativex(Registered Trademark) affects regional brain activity, including thinking abilities and behavior. Objectives: - To study changes in regional brain activity produced by Sativex(Registered Trademark) compared with THC and placebo. - To determine how Sativex(Registered Trademark) is processed by the body. Eligibility: - Individuals between 18 and 45 years of age who are either current users of cannabis (less than daily) or healthy volunteers who do not use cannabis. Design: - The study will involve one training session and five testing sessions on separate days. - At every session, subjects will receive either THC or placebo capsules and either Sativex(Registered Trademark) or placebo spray. - Participants will complete a training session in a mock fMRI scanner to adapt to the fMRI scanning environment. In the training session, participants will practice the tests that will track thinking ability, attention, working memory, and other cognitive tasks. - Participants will have five fMRI scanning sessions with the tests they have practiced previously, and will provide blood, urine, and saliva samples as required by the researchers. Participants will be discharged approximately 12 hours after they arrive for the study sessions....