View clinical trials related to Cross Infection.
Filter by:The search for preventive measure with daily bathing with chlorhexidine in the critical care patient will result in a reduction in patient colonization with multidrug resistant pathogens. Thus, preventing healthcare associated infections. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of daily bathing with chlorhexidine in patient colonization, environment and healthcare workers in the medical intensive care unit (MICU). The study will be conducted at the University Hospital "Dr. José Eleuterio González", a 450-bed teaching hospital in Monterrey, northeast Mexico. This is a prospective, experimental, randomized, open-label, double blind study comparing chlorhexidine versus placebo. Any patient 18 years or older admitted to the MICU or with less than 48 hours of patient-days will be included. Patients who present burns with more than 20% body surface, pregnant patients and patients with allergy history to chlorhexidine. Samples will be obtained from the patient, patient environment and healthcare personnel. Sampling of the environment (bed rail, mechanical ventilator, table adjacent to the bed, etc.) and patient's anogenital and pharyngeal region will be collected with "swabbing" technique using cotton swabs and cultured according to Public Health England. Patient skin sampling will be obtained from anorectal region, pharynx, axillary and inguinal fold collected with Williamson-Kligman technique. Colonies will then be further selected and properly cultivated according to their characteristics. Antibiotic susceptibility, clonal relationship, biofilm index and antibiotic susceptibility to chlorhexidine will be determined. Demographics and clinical data will be collected from admission, throughout hospitalization and discharge.
This research will test a new ultra-rapid technology (called ID/AST Accelerate system) that uses a digital microscope to identify bacteria based on their growth patterns. This method does not have to wait for bacteria to grow in a lab. The new method can identify the type of bacteria within 2 hours of receiving a specimen. The new method also shows the effect of selected antibiotics on the bacteria including multidrug resistant bacteria so that doctors know within 6 hours from specimen collection which antibiotic kills the bacteria. To check the accuracy, speed and impact of the new method on antibiotic prescribing, investigators are proposing a study with two parts; The first part will test the accuracy and speed of the results obtained by the new method. The second part will test if having the results from the new method early would change the antibiotics prescribed to a patient in a simulation experiment. An independent infectious disease physician will be shown the results from the new method and asked if the results were accurate, would it change the antibiotic treatment for the patient.
The study is a first step in establishing the safety and efficacy of the CytaCoat technology when applied to a medical device such as a nasal prong and the clinical data generated will serve as a basis for continuous studies in clinically significant settings such as the neonatal care units.
This study examines the impact of UV-C light disinfection as an adjunct to routine daily and discharge patient room cleaning on patient infection and colonization with hospital associated bacteria. Patient rooms are counted as enrolled since consent was waived and the number of participants is unknown. Total of 83 rooms.
This 4-year cluster randomized controlled trial aims to determine whether implementation of Evidence-based Practice for Improving Quality (EPIQ) method can reduce hospital-acquired infection in Chinese Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs).
It is advocated that prolonged infusion of beta-lactamic antibiotics provides better bactericidal effect. The aim of the present study is to randomize patients a to extended cefepime infusion regimen (lasting four hours) or to a usual infusion regimen (not lasting more than thirty minutes) and evaluate the clinical efficacy of this theoretical pharmacokinetic advantage.
Nosocomial infections are infections that occur from the time of 'entry in the hospital up to 48h after discharge. In most developed countries, the incidence of nosocomial infections in children is between 5% and 44% with the predominance of respiratory infections and gastrointestinal infections. Nosocomial infections prolong the time of hospital stay, reduce the effectiveness of treatment, significantly increasing hospital costs. Current measures for prevention of nosocomial infections in pediatrics, such as vaccinations and compliance with sanitary regulations, are not fully effective. Therefore it is necessary a deepening of the possible methods of prevention, between which has been already tested the use of probiotics such as Lactobacillus GG. A recent RCCT, which provided for the administration of LGG against placebo, noted a significant reduction in the risk of gastrointestinal infections and respiratory infections in hospitalized children treated with LGG, compared with patients who received placebo. There are also evidence which demonstrate a potential role zinc in reducing the incidence of respiratory infections is that bowel. We thought, therefore, to perform a multicenter randomized controlled trial with the aim to evaluate the role of a complex containing LGG, vitamins and zinc in the prevention of nosocomial gastrointestinal and respiratory tract infections in pediatric wards.
If patients acquire a new infection whilst in hospital this can cause significant morbidity, prolonged hospitalisation and even death. Indeed, there is much public concern about infections such as MRSA. Patients who require intensive care are probably at the greatest risk. Appropriate hand hygiene by healthcare workers can reduce infection rates and is a key goal of many patient safety initiatives. Worldwide, hand hygiene compliance has been estimated at only 38.7% despite the intervention being simple and cheap. Reasons for poor compliance include lack of time, skin irritation, lack of facilities, intensity of workload and forgetfulness. Furthermore, since cross infection may not be apparent for some days, staff may not associate their (lack of) actions with having caused harm. Measuring compliance levels enables staff to understand whether they could improve. Direct observation of staff is labour intensive and is not continuous or universal. We will monitor hand hygiene compliance with a newly developed electronic system (MedSense, General Sensing Inc.). We will use the data to provide feedback to the staff in several ways. We hypothesise that comprehensive personalised feedback will reduce healthcare associated infections. We will undertake the study in three intensive care units.
This study involves sampling bone marrow transplant patients, hospital workers and the patient room for microbes using swabs and other techniques. We send these samples to the laboratory, where they will use state-of-the art technology to identify and relate the microbes to each other. This study also involves putting copper, nickel, or titanium into some hospital rooms, and seeing whether these metals influences the growth of microbes. Some equipment in the hospital room, such as faucets and soap dispensers will be replaced by sensor-based (e.g. touchless) controls.
Ministry of Health through the National Medical Stores has supplied alcohol-based handgels to the different health facilities in Uganda for the health care providers to use during clinical care. However, constant stock-outs and or limited supplies remains the main constraint faced by the hospitals. Thus the handgels are generally used by a few of the senior health care providers. The promotion of bedside, antiseptic handrubs largely contributes to the increase in compliance and sustained improvement of hand hygiene compliance reduces Health care acquired infections (HCAIs), but it is not yet established how cost- effective the intervention is in a a rural Ugandan hospital where funds are severely rationed and, which serves over 4 million people in over 15 districts in Uganda. An evaluation of an intervention's cost-effectiveness is a crucial factor in whether the government will be prepared to fund the intervention and sustain it. This WardGel study thus aims to assess the cost-benefit of providing hand gel for all health care workers in Mbale Regional Referral Hospital.