The Use of Methadone in Newborn Infants

Critically Ill Clinical Trial

— Methadone  

Official title:

Optimizing the Use of Methadone in Newborn Infants

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT01327079
• Other study ID #: 4781
• Secondary ID: IV Methadone
• Status: Completed
• Phase: Phase 1/Phase 2
• Start date: December 2010
• Est. completion date: December 2017

Study information

• Verified date: July 2018
• Source: Children's Research Institute
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

This proposed investigation will test the following hypotheses: 1) Enzymatic activity of CYP2B6 characterized by the formation clearance of methadone to EDDP (CLf,EDDP), is directly related to both gestational and postnatal age; 2) variations in the CYP2B6 gene (SNPs) are associated with variable activity of the CYP2B6 enzyme (as measured by the formation clearance, CLf,EDDP), and 3) the elimination rate of methadone and its major metabolite EDDP in neonates is dependent on the glomerular filtration rate and therefore on the stage of development (defined by both gestational and postnatal age). The investigators propose to develop a PK model for methadone dosing in neonates that takes into account both developmental stage and genetic variability. The long-term goal of the proposed investigations is to improve dosing of methadone in neonates exposed to opioids in utero or post-natally, leading to improved control of their withdrawal syndrome and decreased adverse drug reactions associated with the current use of methadone in these vulnerable patients. More immediately, the investigators will develop a PK model for methadone dosing based on relevant developmental and genetic characteristics. The acquired knowledge based on the proposed study will lead to a more efficacious treatment of pain or opiate withdrawal syndrome in newborn infants with a decreased chance of adverse drug reactions.

Description:

The investigators will identify and recruit from the NICU of CNMC 60 preterm neonates uniformly distributed with respect to gestational age and encompassing GA's of from 22 to less than 43 weeks.

• Stratified Selection by Gestational Age (GA): The study neonates will be selected to achieve balance in the following GA strata: (22-24 wks, 25-26 wks, 27-28 wks, 29-30 wks, 31-32 wks, 33-37 wks; 38-43 wks). Stratification will be done to ensure broad representation by GA. As described below, analyses will treat GA as a continuous variable.

• Randomization will assign a newborn infant to group 1 (n=30) or group 2 (n=30).

• Study medications: Methadone and inulin administration Blood and urine will be collected for the purposes of this research project. Blood will be drawn from the indwelling arterial catheter that already is in place for clinical purposes. The amount of blood obtained for all study related determinations will be minimized and kept at less than 3 mL/kg of blood per 48 hour period. The study will last 60 hours for group 1 and 72 hours for group.

• DNA study 0.3ml whole blood will be collected from each subject

• PK study Blood samples (0.2 mL per sample) will be taken in 30 newborn infants at t=0, 1, 4, 12, 36, 60 h (group 1) after the administration of one dose of methadone, and in 30 newborn infants at t=0, 2, 8, 24, 48, 72 hr (group 2) after the administration of methadone. A total of 1.5 ml of blood will be collected from each subject

• Urine Collection Urine samples will be collected from each infant's diaper (wood pulp based study diapers) every 3-4 hours over the first 24 hour period or alternatively, from an indwelling urinary catheter placed based on clinical indications unrelated to the study protocol.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 60
• Est. completion date: December 2017
• Est. primary completion date: December 2017
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 22 Weeks to 43 Weeks

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Newborn infants of both genders and all races who have:

• a postnatal age of less than 3 months

• an indwelling (peripheral or umbilical) arterial line, and

• already treated with an opioid (morphine or fentanyl) for clinical reasons

Exclusion Criteria:

• Neonates with severe asphyxia grade III or IV intraventricular hemorrhage,

• Neonates with major congenital malformations or facial malformations (e.g., cleft lip and palate), neurological disorders

• Neonates receiving continuous or intermittent neuromuscular blockers neonates will be excluded who have:

• clinical or biochemical evidence of hepatic and renal failure (including systemic hypoperfusion

• received drugs that are CYP2B6 substrates

• been exposed in utero to methadone, despite the fact that they indeed receive a CYP2B6 substrate through their mother, will not be excluded but will be analyzed as a subgroup

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Critical Illness
• Critically Ill
• Premature Birth
• Premature Birth of Newborn

Intervention

Drug:
• Methadone
If the infant has been treated with morphine than substitute for that one study dose 0.1 mg morphine with 0.1 mg methadone, whereas if the infant has been treated with fentanyl substitute for that one study dose 1 µg fentanyl with 0.1 mg methadone. Administration of inulin: Inulin will be administered as a glucose 10%-inulin solution containing 25 gr. inulin/L, at an infusion rate of 0.6 mL/kg/h. After 24 h, the inulin clearance will be calculated.
• Methadone
If the infant has been treated with morphine than substitute for that one study dose 0.1 mg morphine with 0.1 mg methadone, whereas if the infant has been treated with fentanyl substitute for that one study dose 1 µg fentanyl with 0.1 mg methadone. Administration of inulin: Inulin will be administered as a glucose 10%-inulin solution containing 25 gr. inulin/L, at an infusion rate of 0.6 mL/kg/h. After 24 h, the inulin clearance will be calculated.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
United States	Childrens Research Institute	Washington	District of Columbia
United States	Childrens's Research Institute	Washington	District of Columbia

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
John van den Anker

Country where clinical trial is conducted

United States, 

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Methadone PK and EDDP	Primary outcome: Plasma and urine levels of methadone and EDDP (2-ethylidene- 1,5-dimethyl-3,3-diphenylpyrrolidine, the main metabolite of methadone). Secondary endpoints: CYP2DB6 genetic variability.	36 months
Secondary	DNA	Secondary endpoints: CYP2DB6 genetic variability.	36 months