| Eligibility |
Inclusion Criteria:
- All subjects:
1. Subject's written informed consent obtained prior to any study-related procedure;
2. Ability to understand the study procedures and the risks involved, and ability to
be rained to use the inhalers correctly and to generate sufficient peak
inspiratory flow (PIF; at least 40 L/min) using the In- Check DIAL set as per
NEXThaler® inhaler resistance;
3. 12-Lead digitised electrocardiogram (ECG) in triplicate considered as normal (40
beats per minute [bpm] = heart rate [HR] = 110 bpm, 120 ms = PR interval [PR] =
210 ms, QRS interval [QRS] = 120 ms, QT Interval corrected using Fridericia's
formula [QTcF] = 450 ms for males and QTcF = 470 ms for females) at screening
visit. The mean value must be within the defined range;
4. Male and female subjects aged 40 to 80 years inclusive;
5. Subjects must weigh at least 45 kg for females and 50 kg for males to participate
in the study, and must have a body mass index within the range of 18 to 35 kg/m2
inclusive;
6. Non- or ex-smokers who smoked < 5 pack-years (pack-years = the number of
cigarette packs per day times the number of years) and stopped smoking > 1 year
prior to screening;
7. Female subjects: a. Women of childbearing potential (WOCBP) fulfilling one of the
following criteria: i. WOCBP with fertile male partners: they and/or their
partner must be willing to use at least an acceptable effective birth control
method from the signature of the informed consent and until study
discontinuation; or ii. WOCBP with non-fertile male partners (contraception is
not required in this case); b. Female subjects of non-childbearing potential
defined as physiologically incapable of becoming pregnant (i.e. post-menopausal
or permanently sterile. Tubal ligation or partial surgical interventions are not
acceptable.
8. Vital signs within normal limits at screening: diastolic blood pressure (DBP)
40-89 mmHg and systolic blood pressure (SBP) 90-139 mmHg, extremes included (two
measures performed after at least 5 minutes of resting).
9. Body temperature < 37.5°C at screening and prior to study treatment
administration;
10. Lung function measurements within normal limits at screening: forced expiratory
volume within the first second (FEV1) > 80% predicted and FEV1/forced vital
capacity (FVC) ratio > 0.70;
Healthy subjects only:
11. Good mental and physical status, determined on the basis of the medical history
and a general clinical examination, at screening and prior to study treatment
administration;
12. Matched to at least one liver impaired subject enrolled in the study with respect
to race, gender, age (±10 years) and body weight (±15%)
Liver impaired subjects only:
13. Documented chronic stable liver disease based on the Child-Pugh score and
classification (Child-Pugh Class A [mild], B [moderate] or C [severe]) at
screening and on Day -1:
14. Liver impairment must be caused by hepatic primary disease, not a complication of
other underlying diseases.
Exclusion Criteria:
- All subjects:
1. For females only: pregnant or lactating women, where pregnancy is defined as the
state of a female after conception and until termination of the gestation,
confirmed by a positive serum human chorionic gonadotropin laboratory test. Serum
pregnancy test to be performed at screening and urine pregnancy test to be
performed prior to study treatment administration;
2. Subjects with history of breathing problems (i.e. history of asthma including
childhood asthma);
3. Positive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) 1 or HIV2 serology at screening;
4. Subject has pre-planned surgery or procedures that would interfere with the
conduct of the study;
5. Documented coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) diagnosis within the last 8 weeks,
or complications from this disease, which has not resolved within 14 days prior
to screening or prior to study treatment administration;
6. Blood donation or blood loss (= 450 mL) less than 2 months prior to screening or
prior to study treatment administration;
7. Abnormal haemoglobin level defined as < 13 g/dL for males and < 11 g/dL for
females at screening;
8. Documented history of drug abuse within 12 months prior to screening or a
positive urine drug screen evaluated at screening or prior to study treatment
administration;
9. Intake of non-permitted concomitant medications in the predefined period prior to
screening or prior to study treatment administration, or the subject is expected
to take non-permitted concomitant medications during the study
10. Unsuitable veins for repeated venepuncture;
11. Participation in another clinical study where an investigational treatment was
received, and last investigations were performed less than 8 weeks prior to
screening;
12. Presence of any current infection, or previous infection that resolved less than
7 days prior to screening or to study treatment administration;
13. Known intolerance and/or hypersensitivity to any of the excipients contained in
the formulation used in the study;
14. Heavy caffeine drinker (average of > 5 cups or glasses per day of caffeinated
beverages e.g. coffee, tea, cola, calculated by number of standard espresso
portions);
15. Positive urine test for cotinine at screening or prior to study treatment
administration;
16. Contra-indications/warnings/precaution for use: contra-indications to the
investigational medicinal product constitute an exclusion criterion. For
warnings/precaution for use, eligibility will be judged by the Investigator;
17. The use of any kind of smoking electronic devices within 6 months before
screening and before study treatment administration;
18. Clinically relevant and/or uncontrolled cardiovascular, renal, gastrointestinal,
haematological, endocrine, metabolic, respiratory, neurologic, neoplastic or
psychiatric disorder that, based on the Investigator's judgment, may interfere
with successful completion of this study.
Healthy subjects only:
19. Any hepatic disorder that, based on the Investigator's medical judgment, may
interfere with successful completion of this study;
20. Positive results from the hepatitis serology which indicate acute or chronic
hepatitis B or hepatitis C (e.g. positive hepatitis B surface antigen [HBsAg],
hepatitis B core antibody [immunoglobulin M antibody to hepatitis B core antigen;
IgM anti-HBc], hepatitis C virus [HCV] antibody); Note: Subjects with an isolated
antibody to HBsAg (anti-HBs) positive result, immune due to a medical history of
vaccination, are permitted;
21. Abnormal liver enzymes at screening or prior to study treatment administration
(alanine aminotransferase [ALT], aspartate aminotransferase [AST], gamma-glutamyl
transpeptidase, alkaline phosphatase or total bilirubin; ALT or AST > 1.5 times
the upper limit of normal [ULN], bilirubin > 1.5 times the ULN);
22. Documented history of alcohol abuse within 12 months prior to screening or a
positive alcohol breath test at screening or prior to study treatment
administration;
23. Clinically relevant abnormal laboratory values at screening suggesting an unknown
disease and requiring further clinical investigation or which may impact the
safety of the subject or the evaluation of the result of the study according to
the Investigator's judgment;
Liver impaired subjects only:
24. Impaired renal function (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] < 60
mL/min/1.73 m2) due to primary or secondary renal disease (e.g. hepatorenal
syndrome);
25. Documented history of alcohol abuse within at least 3 months prior to screening
or a positive alcohol breath test at screening or prior to study treatment
administration;
26. Severe complications of liver disease within the preceding 3 months prior to
enrolment (e.g. Grade 3-4 encephalopathy, severe ascites, severe haemostatic
impairment, gastrointestinal haemorrhage, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis or
emergency room visit/hospitalisation due to liver disease);
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