Contrast-induced Nephropathy Clinical Trial
Official title:
Red Blood Cell Distribution Width as a Predictor Marker of Contrast Induced Nephropathy in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Contrast Induced Nephropathy is an acute renal insufficiency defined as a 25% or 0.5 mg/dl increase over the baseline of the serum creatinine level 24 h to 72 h after intravascular administration of a contrast agent.
Contrast Induced Nephropathy has been introduced an important complication after coronary
angiography and Percutaneous Coronary Intervention .
The development of Contrast Induced Nephropathy after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention is
associated with poor clinical outcomes including prolonged hospitalization, increased costs,
increased rates of end-stage renal failure, myocardial infarction, repeat revascularization,
and short- and long-term mortality.
Contrast Induced Nephropathy follows decreased renal perfusion and administration of
nephrotoxic medications as the third most common cause of renal insufficiency during
hospitalization.
Patients with acute coronary syndrome have a 3-fold higher risk of developing Contrast
Induced Nephropathy .Therefore ,predicting contrast nephropathy and initiating therapeutic
preventive strategies are very important.
Red Blood Cell Distribution Width is a quantitive marker of the variability on size of
erythrocyte.
It is a routine assay of Complete Blood Count that doesn't require an additional cost, that
is calculated by dividing the standard deviation of the mean cell size by the Mean
Corpuscular Volume of the red cells and multiplying by 100 to convert to a percentage.
Normal range of Red Blood Cell Distribution Width 11-16%. Increased Red Blood Cell
Distribution Width means increased variability in red blood cell size owing to ineffective
erythrocyte production, which is associated with indices of inflammation and
pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 .
On the other hand, suggested mechanisms underlying Contrast Induced Nephropathy include
cytotoxic effects, factors that affect renal hemodynamic, and regional hypoxia.
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