Simplified Diagnostic Algorithm for Evaluation of Neonates With Prenatally Detected Hydronephrosis

Congenital Hydronephrosis Clinical Trial

Official title:

Simplified Diagnostic Algorithm for Evaluation of Neonates With Prenatally Detected Hydronephrosis

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT01330511
• Other study ID #: 10020402
• Status: Completed
• Phase: N/A
• First received: April 1, 2011
• Last updated: April 5, 2011
• Start date: January 2005
• Est. completion date: January 2010

Study information

• Verified date: April 2011
• Source: Rush University Medical Center
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Health authority: United States: Institutional Review Board
• Study type: Observational

Clinical Trial Summary

Patients with congenital hydronephrosis will be identified by inpatient consultations performed by Dr. Assadi for congenital hydronephrosis and by outpatient problem lists with congenital hydronephrosis of Dr. Assadi's existing patients. Given standard evaluation will be evaluated to determine if based on initial ultrasound classification an algorithm can be developed to target evaluation studies for the initial evaluation. With a goal of targeting the few children that have need of additional intervention and minimizing the studies performed on children who will spontaneously resolve.

Description:

Patients with congenital hydronephrosis will be identified by inpatient consultations performed by Dr. Assadi for congenital hydronephrosis and by outpatient problem lists with congenital hydronephrosis of Dr. Assadi's existing patients. Once identified, the patient's grade of hydronephrosis will be recorded from initial ultrasound based on Society of Fetal Urology (SFU) classification. If no initial SFU classification was assigned to the hydronephrosis a pediatric radiologist will review the initial ultrasound images and classify the grade of hydronephrosis based upon SFU criteria. The patients ensuing evaluation of their hydronephrosis that took place will then be recorded and de-identified. Data to be collected will include: Ultrasound evaluations of the abdomen, retroperitoneum, or renal system, Voiding Cysto-Urethrogram (VCUGs), nuclear studies: diuretic enhanced technetium-99m dietylene triamine penta-acetic acid renogram (DTPA) or technetium-99m Mercapto-acetyl-triglycine renogram (MAG3), referral to pediatric urology for pyeloplasty, serum electrolytes, Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine, urinalysis, urinary tract infections, and placement on long-term antibiotic prophylaxis.

The follow up evaluation that took place for each patient will then be compared to our proposed algorithm for congenital hydronephrosis evaluation and treatment. This algorithm will be designed based on clinical experience of expert opinion and literature review of each step in the evaluation and treatment. Primary outcomes will be progressive renal function decline and progression to referral to a pediatric urologist for pyeloplasty. Secondary outcomes will be incidence of urinary tract infections and placement on long term antibiotic prophylaxis for urinary tract infection prophylaxis.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 76
• Est. completion date: January 2010
• Est. primary completion date: January 2010
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: Both
• Age group: N/A to 2 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Inclusion criteria for the study were confirmation of the diagnosis of prenatal hydronephrosis by postnatal renal ultrasound

Exclusion Criteria:

• prior history of UTI

• diagnosis of cystic renal dysplasia with poorly functioning kidney

• previous operation on the urinary tract system

• and other deformities of the external genital organs or anomalies in cardiopulmonary and central nervous system

Study Design

Observational Model: Cohort, Time Perspective: Prospective

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Congenital Hydronephrosis
• Hydronephrosis

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
United States	Rush University Medical Center	Chicago	Illinois

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Rush University Medical Center

Country where clinical trial is conducted

United States, 

References & Publications (25)

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Ardissino G, Daccò V, Testa S, Bonaudo R, Claris-Appiani A, Taioli E, Marra G, Edefonti A, Sereni F; ItalKid Project. Epidemiology of chronic renal failure in children: data from the ItalKid project. Pediatrics. 2003 Apr;111(4 Pt 1):e382-7. — View Citation

Brown T, Mandell J, Lebowitz RL. Neonatal hydronephrosis in the era of sonography. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1987 May;148(5):959-63. — View Citation

Conway JJ, Maizels M. The "well tempered" diuretic renogram: a standard method to examine the asymptomatic neonate with hydronephrosis or hydroureteronephrosis. A report from combined meetings of The Society for Fetal Urology and members of The Pediatric Nuclear Medicine Council--The Society of Nuclear Medicine. J Nucl Med. 1992 Nov;33(11):2047-51. — View Citation

Docimo SG. Re: Optimal timing of initial postnatal ultrasonography in newborns with prenatal hydronephrosis. J Urol. 2003 Apr;169(4):1474; author reply 1474. — View Citation

Estrada CR, Peters CA, Retik AB, Nguyen HT. Vesicoureteral reflux and urinary tract infection in children with a history of prenatal hydronephrosis--should voiding cystourethrography be performed in cases of postnatally persistent grade II hydronephrosis? J Urol. 2009 Feb;181(2):801-6; discussion 806-7. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2008.10.057. Epub 2008 Dec 17. — View Citation

Fernbach SK, Maizels M, Conway JJ. Ultrasound grading of hydronephrosis: introduction to the system used by the Society for Fetal Urology. Pediatr Radiol. 1993;23(6):478-80. — View Citation

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Herndon CD, McKenna PH, Kolon TF, Gonzales ET, Baker LA, Docimo SG. A multicenter outcomes analysis of patients with neonatal reflux presenting with prenatal hydronephrosis. J Urol. 1999 Sep;162(3 Pt 2):1203-8. — View Citation

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Ismaili K, Avni FE, Piepsz A, Wissing KM, Cochat P, Aubert D, Hall M. Current management of infants with fetal renal pelvis dilation: a survey by French-speaking pediatric nephrologists and urologists. Pediatr Nephrol. 2004 Sep;19(9):966-71. Epub 2004 Jul 6. — View Citation

Keays MA, Guerra LA, Mihill J, Raju G, Al-Asheeri N, Geier P, Gaboury I, Matzinger M, Pike J, Leonard MP. Reliability assessment of Society for Fetal Urology ultrasound grading system for hydronephrosis. J Urol. 2008 Oct;180(4 Suppl):1680-2; discussion1682-3. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2008.03.107. Epub 2008 Aug 16. — View Citation

Lee JH, Choi HS, Kim JK, Won HS, Kim KS, Moon DH, Cho KS, Park YS. Nonrefluxing neonatal hydronephrosis and the risk of urinary tract infection. J Urol. 2008 Apr;179(4):1524-8. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2007.11.090. Epub 2008 Mar 4. — View Citation

Maizels M, Alpert SA, Houston JT, Sabbagha RE, Parilla BV, MacGregor SN. Fetal bladder sagittal length: a simple monitor to assess normal and enlarged fetal bladder size, and forecast clinical outcome. J Urol. 2004 Nov;172(5 Pt 1):1995-9. — View Citation

Maizels M, Reisman ME, Flom LS, Nelson J, Fernbach S, Firlit CF, Conway JJ. Grading nephroureteral dilatation detected in the first year of life: correlation with obstruction. J Urol. 1992 Aug;148(2 Pt 2):609-14; discussion 615-6. — View Citation

Mong Hiep TT, Ismaili K, Collart F, Van Damme-Lombaerts R, Godefroid N, Ghuysen MS, Van Hoeck K, Raes A, Janssen F, Robert A. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of children with stage 3-5 chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol. 2010 May;25(5):935-40. doi: 10.1007/s00467-009-1424-2. Epub 2010 Feb 11. — View Citation

Moorthy I, Joshi N, Cook JV, Warren M. Antenatal hydronephrosis: negative predictive value of normal postnatal ultrasound--a 5-year study. Clin Radiol. 2003 Dec;58(12):964-70. — View Citation

Palmer LS, Maizels M, Cartwright PC, Fernbach SK, Conway JJ. Surgery versus observation for managing obstructive grade 3 to 4 unilateral hydronephrosis: a report from the Society for Fetal Urology. J Urol. 1998 Jan;159(1):222-8. — View Citation

Peters CA, Skoog SJ, Arant BS Jr, Copp HL, Elder JS, Hudson RG, Khoury AE, Lorenzo AJ, Pohl HG, Shapiro E, Snodgrass WT, Diaz M. Summary of the AUA Guideline on Management of Primary Vesicoureteral Reflux in Children. J Urol. 2010 Sep;184(3):1134-44. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2010.05.065. Epub 2010 Jul 21. Review. — View Citation

Sidhu G, Beyene J, Rosenblum ND. Outcome of isolated antenatal hydronephrosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Pediatr Nephrol. 2006 Feb;21(2):218-24. Epub 2005 Dec 17. Review. — View Citation

Smith JM, Stablein DM, Munoz R, Hebert D, McDonald RA. Contributions of the Transplant Registry: The 2006 Annual Report of the North American Pediatric Renal Trials and Collaborative Studies (NAPRTCS). Pediatr Transplant. 2007 Jun;11(4):366-73. — View Citation

Warady BA, Chadha V. Chronic kidney disease in children: the global perspective. Pediatr Nephrol. 2007 Dec;22(12):1999-2009. Epub 2007 Feb 20. — View Citation

Wiener JS, O'Hara SM. Optimal timing of initial postnatal ultrasonography in newborns with prenatal hydronephrosis. J Urol. 2002 Oct;168(4 Pt 2):1826-9; discussion 1829. — View Citation

Yang Y, Hou Y, Niu ZB, Wang CL. Long-term follow-up and management of prenatally detected, isolated hydronephrosis. J Pediatr Surg. 2010 Aug;45(8):1701-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2010.03.030. — View Citation

Yerkes EB, Adams MC, Pope JC 4th, Brock JW 3rd. Does every patient with prenatal hydronephrosis need voiding cystourethrography? J Urol. 1999 Sep;162(3 Pt 2):1218-20. — View Citation

* Note: There are 25 references in all — Click here to view all references

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	surgical intervention required	Primary outcome will be progressive renal function decline and progression to referral to a pediatric urologist for pyeloplasty.	Follow for minimum 1 year, approximately 2 years goal	No