View clinical trials related to Compulsive Behavior.
Filter by:Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a common psychiatric illness that affects up to 2-3% of the population. People with OCD experience anxiety-provoking, intrusive thoughts, known as obsessions, and feel compelled to perform repetitive behaviors, or compulsions. The only medications proven effective for OCD are serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs), but even with SRI treatment, most patients continue to experience significant OCD symptoms, impaired functioning, and diminished quality of life. Recent evidence suggest that a different neurotransmitter, glutamate, may contribute to the symptoms in OCD. Medications that target glutamate hold promise for ameliorating symptoms for those patients continuing to suffer from OCD. In this study the investigators are recruiting patients to receive the drug memantine, which is thought to modulate the neurotransmitter glutamate, added to whatever other OCD medications they are taking. Open label memantine will be titrated in 5mg increments weekly to target dose of 10mg po bid for up to 6 weeks. Memantine will be continued to 12 weeks in those with treatment response,13 either previous response to ketamine (≥ 35% Y-BOCS reduction 1 week after IV ketamine) or current response to memantine (≥ 35% Y-BOCS reduction from pre- to post-6 weeks of memantine).
Although cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is the most effective intervention for pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), many people do receive CBT initially. Given this, alternative ways of providing CBT need to be identified and tested. With this in mind, the proposed study examines the efficacy of a videophone based cognitive-behavioral intervention for youth with OCD. A total of 30 youth will be randomly assigned to either videophone administered CBT or an abbreviated wait-list control arm. Comprehensive assessments will be conducted by trained clinicians at relevant time-points to assess symptom severity and impairment.
Memantine is a glutamate receptor antagonist that has been reported to reduce Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) symptoms in case studies of treatment-resistant individuals. The investigators hypothesized that memantine is an effective augmenting agent to standard intensive residential treatment of severe OCD. An intent-to-treat, single-blinded, naturalistic case-control design is employed. The sample includes subjects receiving standard treatment at the McLean/ MGH Intensive Residential Treatment (IRT) program, half of whom also receive memantine augmentation. Admission, monthly and discharge measures of OCD, depression and psychosocial functioning are collected by raters blinded to augmentation status. Matched controls are selected based upon gender, initial OCD severity, psychosocial functioning, and timing of admission. Descriptive and comparative analyses are conducted via SPSS, statistical significance is defined at p<0.05, clinically significant response is defined by a 25% reduction, and 'marked response' is defined by a 50% improvement in Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive severity (Y-BOCS) scores, using a last-observation-carried-forward approach. The Clinical Global Improvement (CGI) scale captures global clinical change.
Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) has proven efficacy for treatment of pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Yet, CBT does not help all children and those who benefit often remain symptomatic upon treatment completion. Recent clinical trials in adults with other anxiety disorders (acrophobia and social phobia) provided support for using a medication called D-Cycloserine (DCS) to enahnce the outcome of exposure-based psychotherapy. Given this, DCS may augment CBT in youth with OCD, an anxiety disorder that is conceptually similar to acrophobia. With this in mind, the investigators are conducting a randomized, double-blind placebo controlled pilot study of DCS to determine whether it had any short-term clinical benefits on CBT in youth with OCD. Forty children and adolescents (ages 8-17) with a primary diagnosis of OCD will be screened and, should they meet relevant criteria, randomly assigned to one of two treatment conditions: (1) CBT plus DCS, or (2) CBT plus placebo. All patients will receive 10 sessions of CBT A rater will assess participants at 3 separate time points.
Objective: Although atypical antipsychotic drugs (AAPDs) have been found effective in the augmentation of serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) for treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in short terms trials, there are few data on the effectiveness and safety of these agents in clinical settings over the long term. Method: Subjects (n=46) who responded to selective SRIs (SSRIs) in an initial 12-week trial were continued on SRI-monotherapy plus cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for one year. Subjects (n=44) who failed to respond to SSRIs were randomly assigned to one of 3 AAPDs such as risperidone and were consecutively treated using SSRI+AAPD combined with CBT for a year.
Our study's purpose is to show the efficacy of the transcranial magnetic stimulation (a non invasive method of cerebral modulation) in patients suffering from chronic obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). This new method will be applied in 20 patients during 4 weeks (5 sessions each week), and its effects on OCD symptoms will be compared to those of a "sham" (=placebo) stimulation applied with the same process in 20 other patients, randomly assigned to the comparison group. The maintenance of the therapeutic effects will be explored during 8 weeks following the end of the treatment. In addition to classical scales used to measure the treatment effects, all patients will be examined using a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) before and after treatment to explore the cerebral effects of rTMS
Given that 5-HT3 receptors are indirect inhibitors of cortico-mesolimbic DA release, the 5-HT3 receptor antagonist ondansetron augmentation might potentially have efficacy in the treatment of resistant Obsessive Comulsive Disorder (OCD) patients on combined SRIs and antipsychotics.
OCD patients are assessed before and after treatment using diagnostic tools, rating scales neuropsychological assessment and functional and structural MR-scans.
Obsessive-compulsive (OC) symptoms are often present among youth with Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS). They are also associated with considerable problems in the daily functioning of the child and his/her family. Although medication and behavioral treatments exist that target OC symptoms among youth without PWS, these treatments have not been thoroughly adapted for this population nor scientifically tested. Although medication has been helpful in addressing OC symptoms in several published case reports, the associated efficacy is modest and the potential for side effects is a realistic concern. Given that behavioral treatment for OC symptoms has superior efficacy to pharmacotherapy in youth without PWS without the accompanying risk for adverse side effects, it follows that an adapted version of behavioral therapy may hold promise in treating clinically problematic OC symptoms in youth with PWS. Thus, the purpose of the proposed grant is to develop and pilot-test a behavioral treatment for OC symptoms for use in youth with PWS. This study will allow us to develop and test a treatment protocol aimed at reducing OC symptoms that are clinically problematic and negatively impact functioning and quality of life in the child and his/her family.
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a common psychiatric illness that affects up to 2-3% of the population. People with OCD experience anxiety-provoking, intrusive thoughts, known as obsessions, and feel compelled to perform repetitive behaviors, or compulsions. The only medications proven effective for OCD are serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs), but even with SRI treatment, most patients continue to experience significant OCD symptoms, impaired functioning, and diminished quality of life. Recent evidence suggest that a different neurotransmitter, glutamate, may contribute to the symptoms in OCD. Medications that target glutamate hold promise for ameliorating symptoms for those patients continuing to suffer from OCD. In this study we are recruiting patients to receive the drug NPL-2003, which is thought to modulate the neurotransmitter glutamate, added to whatever other OCD medications they are taking in a 12-week open label study.