Cognitive Impairment Clinical Trial
Official title:
The Effect of Cognitive and Motor Training on Executive Functions, Motor Skills, and Saccadic Eye Movements System in Pediatric Posterior Fossa Tumor Survivors
The purpose of this study is to create a rehabilitation program for children who survived posterior fossa tumors using the latest technology. Supposed that training in Fitlight, Dynavision D2, NeuroTracker will improve executive functions, visual-motor integration, fine and gross motor functions.
The death rates from posterior fossa tumors (PFT) have declined significantly over the past
decades. Children and adolescents who survived this kind of tumor without metastases
demonstrate 5-year survival rates of 90%. Standard treatment for posterior fossa tumors
includes surgical rejection, which can be combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
However, treatment factors can cause the impairment of motor and cognitive functions, which
influence negatively speech, academic achievements, and quality of life. Such an outcome can
be induced by tumor growth process as well. One of the most essential consequences of the
disease is cognitive deficiency in the areas of attention, working memory, and executive
functions.
The cerebellum pathology often causes deficits of motor skills. Considering that motor system
has a hierarchal organization, PFT can cause the impairment of all the system, starting with
gross motor skills and ending in the finest eye movements. The cerebellum has been shown to
control voluntary eye movements, particularly such parameters as accuracy and velocity of
saccades, fixation duration, etc.
Given the effect of probable deficits on a child's daily life, the issue of cognitive and
motor remediation programs is in the spotlight today. There is some evidence that
interventions targeting cognitive functions (e.g. working memory, short-term memory,
attention, planning) and motor skills (gross and fine motor skills, muscle strength, agility)
can be effective in these patients.
However, only few of remediation programs focus on visual-motor co-ordination and saccadic
eye movements system, despite the fact that they provide the basis for higher-level
functions, such as sustained attention, working memory, and planning.
The research conducted in Clinical Rehabilitation Research Center "Russkoe Pole" has revealed
that treatment gains in the areas of motor skills, and specifically saccadic eye movements,
are positively associated with the enhancement of attention and working memory. Given this,
the investigators can suggest that this improvement is connected with the reduction of extra
saccadic movements and consequently the decrease of irrelevant information to be processed.
This mechanism can be generalized to the other executive functions, such as shifting,
inhibition, and planning.
This trial will allow the investigators to determine potential feasibility of rehabilitation
program targeting motor and cognitive functions, as well as the saccadic system, in pediatric
posterior fossa tumor survivors.
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