View clinical trials related to Cleft Palate.
Filter by:The purpose of this study is to asses if taking 4 mg of folic acid per day at preconception and during the first three months of pregnancy decreases the risk of having a child with cleft lip and palate compared to 0.4 mg folic acid for women who have an oral cleft or have had previously child with an oral cleft.
This study examines the analgesic efficacy of codeine phosphate. It is compared to placebo in infants receiving morphine after surgery. Codeine may be effective enough to make morphine unnecessary.
This proposal describes a population-based case-control study of all Norwegian infants born with cleft lip or palate over a five-year period. The study will be jointly supported by the U.S. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), and the Norwegian National Institute of Public Health (SIFF) and Medical Birth Registry of Norway (MBR). Cases will be identified through the two surgery clinics that treat all clefts in Norway. Controls will be randomly selected from all live births through the MBR. Mothers will complete two selfadministered questionnaires; one regarding exposures before and during pregnancy, the other their diet during their early months of pregnancy. Biological specimens for DNA testing (blood samples, buccal swabs) will be collected from cases, controls and mothers in order to describe possible gene-environment interactions. With 750 cases and 1100 controls, this will be one of the largest and most complete field studies of facial clefting yet conducted.
The primary objective of this clinical trial is to assess the influence of orthognathic surgery on facial soft tissue, such as changes (volume, linear, angular) of facial hard and soft tissue, in three dimensions, so enabling the setup of 3D normative value tables.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether supplementation with an oil-based cholesterol suspension will correct the biochemical abnormalities in cholesterol and its precursors in individuals with the Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome.
This 10-week study will evaluate and compare behavior changes in children with Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS) who are taking cholesterol supplementation versus those who are not on cholesterol supplementation. SLOS is a genetic disorder that affects the development of children both before and after birth. An enzyme deficiency in these children results in low levels of cholesterol, which can cause a variety of birth defects and behavioral problems. Typical abnormal physical features of patients include a small head, drooping eyelids, small upturned nose, small chin, cleft palate, heart defects, and extra fingers or toes. Children between 5 and 17 with mild SLOS who do not have a history of egg allergy or intolerance may be eligible for this study. Candidates are screened with a questionnaire about the patient's age, genotype (if known), sterol levels, symptoms, current treatment and medical history. Children participate in two 2-week study phases. Between the study phases the children will take 150 mg/kg daily of a cholesterol preparation typically used to supplement cholesterol in patients in SLOS studies at NIH. In the study phases, the participants are randomly assigned to take either egg yolk or an egg yolk substitute, such as Egg Beaters, that does not contain cholesterol. The study is done at the participant's home, and the cholesterol supplementation and egg/egg substitute are sent to the home each day with instructions on how to take them. The caretakers can stop the study phases after four days if behavior problems occur. The children's caretakers fill out a standard behavioral questionnaire, the Aberrant Behavior Checklist. The questionnaire is designed to assess the effects of treatment in mentally impaired persons.
Cleft lip and palate are a significant component of morbid human birth defects in the developing world. By supplementing a high-risk group of women with folic acid (4.0 mg versus 0.4 mg) from preconception and continuing throughout the first 3 months of pregnancy in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil, this study aims to reduce the recurrence of cleft lip and palate.
Cleft lip and palate are a significant component of morbid human birth defects in the developing world. This study measures the impact of having a child born with a cleft lip on subsequent maternal/infant family health, and whether frequent pediatric care compared to standard pediatric care will reduce neonatal mortality in children born with cleft lip and palate.
Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome (SLOS) is a genetic condition that causes mental retardation and other birth defects. This study will evaluate a new prenatal screening test for SLOS.
This study will evaluate the safety and effectiveness of simvastatin in treating children with Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS). Patients with this inherited disease are deficient in an enzyme that converts a substance called 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC) to cholesterol. Cholesterol synthesis is impaired, causing birth defects and mental retardation. This study will examine whether simvastatin can increase the amount of the deficient enzyme, thereby lowering 7-DHC and increasing cholesterol. It will examine the safety of simvastatin in affected children and its effects on their behavioral problems. Children between 4 and 18 years of age with mild to typical SLOS may be eligible for this study. Participants will be evaluated at the NIH Clinical Center in Bethesda, MD, and at the Kennedy Krieger Institute in Baltimore, MD, upon admission to the study and again at 6, 12, 20, and 26 months. The visits will last 3 to 4 days, and will include a medical history and physical examination, photographs to document medical findings, and other procedures detailed below. In addition, blood samples will be collected at 1, 3, 9, 14, 15, 17, and 23 months. Parents will complete several questionnaires during the study. Procedures include the following: - Simvastatin and cholesterol supplementation therapy. Patients take cholesterol supplements (50 milligrams per kilogram per day) plus simvastatin (0.5 mg/kg/day for 6 weeks and then 1 mg/kg/day) for 12 months, and cholesterol supplements plus a placebo for 12 months. - Blood draws to check liver, muscle, and kidney function, hormone levels, vitamin D levels, blood counts, cholesterol and 7-DHC levels, and lipoprotein levels. Some extra blood is drawn for research purposes. - Urine collection. Urine is collected using a toilet hat. For children who are not toilet trained, urine is collected in a bag taped to the skin with an adhesive. - Electroretinogram (ERG) to measure the function of the retina, the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye. ERG is done under sedation. After adapting the child's eyes to the dark, an electrode is taped to the child's forehead, the surface of one eye is numbed with eye drops, and a contact lens is placed on the eye. The child looks inside a globe that emits a series of light flashes. The contact lens senses electrical signals generated by the retina when the light flashes. After the ERG, the patient has a full eye exam, including pupil dilation and photographs of the eye. - Lumbar puncture (spinal tap) to collect a sample of cerebral spinal fluid (CSF). This procedure, done while the patient is sedated for the ERG, shows whether simvastatin affects brain cholesterol and chemical levels. Under local anesthetic, a needle is inserted in the space between the bones in the lower back where the CSF circulates below the spinal cord. A small amount of fluid is collected through the needle. - CRH stimulation test to detect hormone-related problems in cholesterol synthesis. The patient is given CRH, a hormone involved in cholesterol synthesis, through a plastic tube placed in a vein. Blood samples are collected through the same catheter to measure levels of other hormones involved in cholesterol production. - Electroencephalogram (EEG) to look at the electrical activity (brain waves) of the child's brain. - Activity monitoring. An activity monitor, which looks like and is worn like a watch, is used to record the child's level of activity for a 48-hour period. - Urine pregnancy test at every visit for female patients over age 10. - Skin swab for sterol (solid alcohol, such as cholesterol) analysis. An alcohol pad is rubbed lightly against the child's arm or thigh to collect skin cells. - Stool collection. A small stool sample is collected from the child's diaper or, for children who are toilet trained, from a toilet "hat" like that used to collect urine.