EdemaWear to Reduce Edema in Hospitalized Patients With CVI:

Chronic Venous Insufficiency Clinical Trial

Official title:

EdemaWear to Reduce Edema in Hospitalized Patients With Chronic Venous Insufficiency: A Pilot Study

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Terminated

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT03904602
• Other study ID #: 2018 JIE
• Status: Terminated
• Phase: N/A
• Start date: August 19, 2019
• Est. completion date: September 15, 2019

Study information

• Verified date: March 2023
• Source: Massachusetts General Hospital
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

The purpose of this pilot study is to evaluate the effectiveness of EdemaWear® fuzzy wale longitudinal compression stockings on reducing lower extremity edema in hospitalized adult patients with a history of CVI who are at high risk of consequent venous leg ulcers (VLU) and patient experience with continuously wearing Edema Wear for up to five days

Description:

Hospitalized patients with chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) are at high risk of venous leg ulcers (VLU) due to lower leg edema and skin changes. Since VLU are associated with prolonged morbidity and appreciable financial burden to the patient and society, prevention of VLU by reduction of lower leg edema is paramount. Although the mainstay of VLU prevention is compression, there is a gap in the acute care toolbox to manage the symptom of CVI edema. Currently, ACE bandages are the single most common 'compression wraps' stocked on inpatient units. The disadvantages of ace wraps, which are long-stretch bandages, are two-fold: 1) lower working pressure impeding venous return to the heart, and 2) higher resting pressure that may cause a tourniquet effect and consequent tissue ischemia. A newer moderately-priced mild compression product (15-20 mmHg), EdemaWear® longitudinal elastic compression stockinet, offers an alternative for hospitalized patients. There is limited evidence about the effectiveness of EdemaWear® (that is, modest reduction of lower leg edema) derived from one case series and two comparative evaluations involving only patients in out-patient clinics. This pilot study will expand the evidence related to the effectiveness of EdemaWear® in reducing lower leg edema to include hospitalized patients with CVI. .

The proposed pilot interventional study which involves a single-group repeated measures design with mixed methods has three aims:

1. evaluate the effectiveness of EdemaWear fuzzy wale elastic compression stockinet in reducing lower extremity edema in hospitalized adult patients with chronic venous insufficiency as measured by the difference in the volume of each lower extremity from Day 1 and Day 5 of data collection or the day of discharge if it occurs in less than five days

2. determine through interviews the experience of patients continuously wearing EdemaWear compression garment for up to five days or hospital discharge if it occurs in less than five days

3. qualitatively describe nurses' perceptions of their patients experience with continuously wearing EdemaWear compression garment for up to five days or hospital discharge if it occurs in less than five days

The procedure:

• Initial data collection related to demographic variables (age, gender, race, ethnic background), primary diagnosis, comorbid conditions (Charlson Comorbidity Index), CEAP classification of chronic venous disease, medication / treatment regimen, degree of lower extremity edema, volume of lower leg peripheral pulses, ankle-brachial indexes

• Daily data collection related to changes in health status and treatment

• Daily measurement of the girth of both lower extremities at 10 cm intervals from mid-foot, up the legs, to just below the knees.

• Daily interviews of patient and nursing staff related to experience of continuously wearing EdemaWear for up to five days or hospital discharge if it occurs in less than five days

Data analysis:

• Descriptive statistics will be performed on demographic and physiological variables, including number / percent for nominal variables and mean (+SD) for continuous variables. Data will be analyzed to decide whether they meet the assumptions of the planned analyses. Repeated measures ANOVA will be used to determine whether there are significant differences in the volume of the lower legs treated with EdemaWear® across the five time periods. The alpha level will be set at p < .05.

Qualitative data from daily interviews of patients and nursing staff will be analyzed by

• the PI and Co-Is of this study. Content analysis will be used to analyze the data. The unit of analysis will be phrases or sentences contained in responses to questions in the Interview Guides. Content Analysis is a qualitative research method that is used to isolate and interpret themes, issues, and repeated patterns. They refine understanding as new insights about the data emerge. The strategies for analysis outlined by Downe - Wamboldt will be followed.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Terminated
• Enrollment: 3
• Est. completion date: September 15, 2019
• Est. primary completion date: September 15, 2019
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years and older

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• history of CVI (Clinical classification 1-5), with > 2+ edema of the lower legs,

• > 2+ peripheral pulses (popliteal, dorsalis pedis [DP], and posterior tibial [PT]) or audible biphasic / triphasic Doppler signal, if pulses not palpable.

Exclusion Criteria:

• open venous stasis ulcer(s) or other wounds on lower legs

• lymphedema or risk factors for lymphedema

• acute heart failure with active management

• known deep vein thrombosis (DVT) with subtherapeutic anticoagulation

• peripheral arterial disease (PAD) with reduced / absent pulses

• known or suspected inferior vena caval (IVC) compression

• circumference of lower leg < 45 cm or > 115 cm (size limits of small and extra-large EdemaWear®)

• severely altered mental status or lacking capacity to consent.

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Chronic Venous Insufficiency
• Venous Insufficiency

Intervention

Device:
• Edema Wear fuzzy wale compression garment
net-like compression structure of Lycra spandex elastic yarn with longitudinal fuzzy wales (similar to corduroy fabric)

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
United States	Massachusetts General Hospital	Boston	Massachusetts

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Massachusetts General Hospital

Country where clinical trial is conducted

United States, 

References & Publications (13)

Aboyans V, Criqui MH, Abraham P, Allison MA, Creager MA, Diehm C, Fowkes FG, Hiatt WR, Jonsson B, Lacroix P, Marin B, McDermott MM, Norgren L, Pande RL, Preux PM, Stoffers HE, Treat-Jacobson D; American Heart Association Council on Peripheral Vascular Disease; Council on Epidemiology and Prevention; Council on Clinical Cardiology; Council on Cardiovascular Nursing; Council on Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention, and Council on Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia. Measurement and interpretation of the ankle-brachial index: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2012 Dec 11;126(24):2890-909. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0b013e318276fbcb. Epub 2012 Nov 16. No abstract available. Erratum In: Circulation. 2013 Jan 1;127(1):e264. — View Citation

Bailey MA, Griffin KJ, Scott DJ. Clinical assessment of patients with peripheral arterial disease. Semin Intervent Radiol. 2014 Dec;31(4):292-9. doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1393964. — View Citation

Brodovicz KG, McNaughton K, Uemura N, Meininger G, Girman CJ, Yale SH. Reliability and feasibility of methods to quantitatively assess peripheral edema. Clin Med Res. 2009 Jun;7(1-2):21-31. doi: 10.3121/cmr.2009.819. Epub 2009 Feb 26. — View Citation

Casley-Smith JR. Measuring and representing peripheral oedema and its alterations. Lymphology. 1994 Jun;27(2):56-70. — View Citation

Charlson ME, Pompei P, Ales KL, MacKenzie CR. A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation. J Chronic Dis. 1987;40(5):373-83. doi: 10.1016/0021-9681(87)90171-8. — View Citation

Downe-Wamboldt B. Content analysis: method, applications, and issues. Health Care Women Int. 1992 Jul-Sep;13(3):313-21. doi: 10.1080/07399339209516006. — View Citation

Eberhardt RT, Raffetto JD. Chronic venous insufficiency. Circulation. 2014 Jul 22;130(4):333-46. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.006898. No abstract available. — View Citation

Gogalniceanu P, Lancaster RT, Patel VI. Clinical Assessment of Peripheral Arterial Disease of the Lower Limbs. N Engl J Med. 2018 May 3;378(18):e24. doi: 10.1056/NEJMvcm1406358. No abstract available. — View Citation

Lal BK. Venous ulcers of the lower extremity: Definition, epidemiology, and economic and social burdens. Semin Vasc Surg. 2015 Mar;28(1):3-5. doi: 10.1053/j.semvascsurg.2015.05.002. Epub 2015 May 8. — View Citation

Latchford S, Casley-Smith JR. Estimating limb volumes and alterations in peripheral edema from circumferences measured at different intervals. Lymphology. 1997 Dec;30(4):161-4. No abstract available. — View Citation

O'Donnell TF Jr, Passman MA, Marston WA, Ennis WJ, Dalsing M, Kistner RL, Lurie F, Henke PK, Gloviczki ML, Eklof BG, Stoughton J, Raju S, Shortell CK, Raffetto JD, Partsch H, Pounds LC, Cummings ME, Gillespie DL, McLafferty RB, Murad MH, Wakefield TW, Gloviczki P; Society for Vascular Surgery; American Venous Forum. Management of venous leg ulcers: clinical practice guidelines of the Society for Vascular Surgery (R) and the American Venous Forum. J Vasc Surg. 2014 Aug;60(2 Suppl):3S-59S. doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2014.04.049. Epub 2014 Jun 25. No abstract available. — View Citation

Sibley RC 3rd, Reis SP, MacFarlane JJ, Reddick MA, Kalva SP, Sutphin PD. Noninvasive Physiologic Vascular Studies: A Guide to Diagnosing Peripheral Arterial Disease. Radiographics. 2017 Jan-Feb;37(1):346-357. doi: 10.1148/rg.2017160044. Epub 2016 Sep 30. — View Citation

Williamson A, Hoggart B. Pain: a review of three commonly used pain rating scales. J Clin Nurs. 2005 Aug;14(7):798-804. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2005.01121.x. — View Citation

* Note: There are 13 references in all — Click here to view all references

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	change in lower leg volume	Difference between volume of lower leg / foot between Day 1 and Day 5 (or day of hospital discharge if less than 5 days)	up to 5 days

External Links

•   Bjork R. The long and short of it: Understanding compression bandaging. Wound Care Advisor. 2013; 2(6).
•   EdemaWear® New Compression Textile.
•   Livingston M, Ross, S. Fuzzy Wale Longitudinal Elastic Compression as a Tool in Reducing Lower Extremity Edema and Accompanied Fluid Accumulation. Poster, 2014.
•   numeric-pain-rating-scale
•   Poster-A-Comparison-of-Fuzzy-Wale-Longitudinal-Elastic-Compression-to-Elasticated-Tubular-Bandage-Compression-as-a-Tool-in-Reducing-Lower-Extremity-Edema.pdf
•   PosterComparative-Evaluation-of-the-Clinical-Effectiveness-of-Two-Elastic-Compression-Stockinets-for-the-Treatment-of-Lower-Limb.pdf