Six Months Versus 12 Months of Oral Itraconazole Therapy for Management of Treatment naïve Subjects With CPA

Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis Clinical Trial

Official title:

A Randomized Controlled Trial to Compare the Clinical Outcomes of Six Months Versus 12 Months of Oral Itraconazole Therapy for Management of Treatment naïve Subjects With Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT03920527
• Other study ID #: NK/4947/Res/986
• Status: Completed
• Phase: Phase 3
• Start date: July 1, 2019
• Est. completion date: August 15, 2021

Study information

• Verified date: October 2021
• Source: Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

The treatment options majorly consist of medical management with at least 6-month long treatment with antifungal drugs - most significantly the azole groups. Itraconazole is the preferred azole for the treatment of CPA. The duration of treatment with oral itraconazole remains uncertain. In a previous study the use of oral itraconazole for 6-months a favorable overall response was seen in 76% of the subjects. Moreover, about 30%-50% of the subjects have disease relapse that requires prolonged therapy. It is likely that a longer duration of itraconazole would have a higher response rate and thus, lower risk of relapse after discontinuation of therapy. In this randomized controlled trial, we compare the clinical outcomes of six months versus twelve months of itraconazole therapy in treatment naïve subjects with chronic pulmonary aspergillosis

Description:

Aspergillus is a saprophytic fungus which is present normally in our surroundings and causes a large number of pulmonary diseases spreading through inhalational route. The spectrum of disease caused by aspergillus spp. is wide with the manifestations of the disease being governed primarily by the status of the underlying host immunity, which then determines the nature of the host-aspergillus interaction. Patients with an intact immunity have a more stable and indolent form of disease like aspergilloma whereas with a worsening immune status, the risk of invasive disease increases. Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) are two of the commonest pulmonary manifestations seen in non-immunocompromised patients whereas invasive pulmonary aspergillosis being more common in the immunocompromised patients.

Estimates suggest that CPA affects around 3 million people across the globe, which may still be an under estimated number as the disease co exists with other pulmonary co-morbidities which make accurate diagnosis a pitfall. In India the annual incidence of CPA was estimated in 2011 and varied between 27,000-0.17 million cases, with different estimates. Based on the mortality rate for CPA which was estimated to be 15% annually, the 5-year prevalence of CPA was placed at 290,147 cases with 5-year prevalence rate being 24 per 100,000 in the same year. The disease confers significant morbidity and mortality, making it a significant burden for the society as well as the healthcare. Apart from the respiratory symptoms, CPA causes significant constitutional symptoms as well which adds to the misery of the patient. The diagnosis of CPA is based on presence of chronic symptoms, consistent radiology and demonstration of Aspergillus by direct (culture) or indirect (serological) methods. Even though CPA is more of a disease spectrum but overall it is characterized by slowly progressive lung cavitation which may or may not show presence of mycetoma /fungal ball in patients with pre-existing structural lung diseases, even though other patterns have also been identified.

The treatment options majorly consist of medical management with at least 6-month long treatment with antifungal drugs - most significantly the azole groups. Itraconazole is the preferred azole for the treatment of CPA. The duration of treatment with oral itraconazole remains uncertain. In a previous study the use of oral itraconazole for 6-months a favorable overall response was seen in 76% of the subjects. Moreover, about 30%-50% of the subjects have disease relapse that requires prolonged therapy. It is likely that a longer duration of itraconazole would have a higher response rate and thus, lower risk of relapse after discontinuation of therapy. In this randomized controlled trial, we compare the clinical outcomes of six months versus twelve months of itraconazole therapy in treatment naïve subjects with chronic pulmonary aspergillosis.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 164
• Est. completion date: August 15, 2021
• Est. primary completion date: July 1, 2021
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years to 80 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria: includes presence of all the following:

• one or more clinical symptoms (persistent cough, recurrent hemoptysis, weight loss, malaise, fever and dyspnea) for =3 months

• slowly progressive or persistent radiological findings (one or more cavities and surrounding fibrosis, infiltrates, consolidation, with or without fungal ball or progressive pleural thickening) on computed tomography (CT) of the thorax

• immunological (A.fumigatus-specific IgG >27 mgA/L or positive Aspergillus precipitins) or microbiological evidence of Aspergillus infection (growth of Aspergillus in respiratory secretions or serum galactomannan index >0.5 or BALF galactomannan index >1) and,

• exclusion of other pulmonary disorders with similar presentation.

Exclusion Criteria:

• failure to provide informed consent

• patients on immunosuppressive drugs, intake of prednisolone (or equivalent) >10 mg for at least 3 weeks or a diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus syndrome

• intake antifungal azoles for >3 weeks in the preceding six months

• subjects with active pulmonary infection due to mycobacterium tuberculosis or mycobacteria other than tuberculosis (MOTT)

• subjects with others forms of pulmonary aspergillosis (allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, chronic necrotizing aspergillosis and angio-invasive aspergillosis)

• pregnancy

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Aspergillosis
• Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis
• Pulmonary Aspergillosis

Intervention

Drug:
• Itraconazole 400 mg
Duration of itraconazole

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
India	Inderpaul Singh	Chandigarh

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research

Country where clinical trial is conducted

India, 

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Relapse rate	number of relapses at 2 year after randomization	2 year after randomization
Secondary	Response	Proportion of subjects with an overall favourable response at the end of oral itraconazole therapy	at 6 to 12 months
Secondary	Adverse events	adverse events due to itraconazole	1 year