View clinical trials related to Chronic Lung Disease.
Filter by:The purpose of this study is to determine if the prophylactic use of azithromycin will reduce the total number of days when unscheduled treatment is given outside of the home in a clinic, urgent care, emergency room or hospital setting between the respiratory illness season months (October 1-March 31) and subsequent 2 month follow-up (April and May)
Chronic pulmonary disease (CLD) is the most common manifestation of HIV/AIDS among children, accounting for more than 50% of HIV-associated mortality. Recently, a novel form of CLD, affecting more than 30% of African HIV-infected older children was described by Ferrand et al in Zimbabwe, high-resolution CT scanning findings showed predominantly small airways disease consistent with constrictive obliterative bronchiolitis (OB). . Azithromycin has anti-inflammatory activity and treatment of CLD with this agent may lead to suppression of generalized immune activation. This specific aims of this project are to: 1. Primary objective: To investigate whether adjuvant treatment with azithromycin results in improvement in lung function in HIV-infected children with chronic lung disease, who are stable on antiretroviral therapy. 2. Secondary objectives: 1. To investigate the intervention effect on mortality, exacerbations of lung disease, quality of life, morbidity. 2. To investigate adverse events related to azithromycin treatment In total, 400 children aged 6-16 years, living with HIV and diagnosed with CLD will be enrolled at Harare Children´s Hospital in Harare (Zimbabwe) and Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital in Blantyre (Malawi). These will receive weekly treatment with azithromycin or placebo during 12 months. Another 100 children (50 per site) living with HIV but with no CLD will be enrolled as a comparison group for laboratory sub-studies. Lung function will be assess using spirometry and the Forced expiratory volume in the first minute (FEV1) will be the primary outcome. The mean change in FEV1 z-score levels will be compared between trial arms after 12 months of initiation of azithromycin treatment.
Preterm infants born before 28 weeks gestation are at risk for lung disease and require oxygen and pressure to keep their lungs open. This usually involves a device called nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP). When preterm babies reach a certain age, they are ready to begin to feed by mouth, but for those on nCPAP, oral feeds are usually not started due to concerns for choking. This may cause them to miss their window of learning and may lead to a longer hospital stay or oral aversion. Sometimes babies are switched from nCPAP to low flow oxygen (LFO2) for a short time for oral feeds, but this may not provide enough support for their lungs. Heated, humidified high flow nasal cannula (HHHFNC) is another mode of providing oxygen and pressure. It is equal to nCPAP in small babies transitioning off of ventilators, but no studies have been done in older babies. We plan to compare the feeding of babies orally using either nCPAP with LFO2 or HHHFNC in preterm babies born before 28 weeks gestation who are now 34 weeks corrected gestational age. The goal will be the fastest time to full oral feeds.
Most patients with chronic lung disease underestimate their actual walking ability due to low confidence. To better understand the relationships between lung function, self-efficacy for walking (confidence in ability to walk a defined distance), actual walking ability for the same distance gait speed and physical activity level-PAL- (total energy expenditure/resting metabolic rate). Quality of life, self efficacy for activity questionnaires, physical activity level measurement, 4-meter gait speed and 6-minute walk distance will be measured.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of clarithromycin in eradication of ureaplasma urealyticum and prevention of chronic lung disease in premature infants with birthweight < 1250 g and have ureaplasma urealyticum colonization.
Infants less than 2 years old who have been newly diagnosed with problems swallowing will have pulmonary function tests performed to try to detect the presence of chronic lung disease. Six months later after the infants have received appropriate therapy for their swallowing problems, pulmonary function tests will be performed again to see if there has been any change in their chronic lung disease.
Interstitial lung diseases (ILD) in children represent a heterogeneous group of rare and not well defined disorders. Genetic abnormalities of surfactant proteins B (SFTPB) and more recently C (SFTPC) have been shown to be related to these pathologies. However, variability in the lung disease phenotype suggests the involvement of other surfactant-associated genes such as ABCA3 (ATP-binding cassette, sub-family A, member, 3). Thus, the aim of this project is: 1) to assess the prevalence of SFTPC mutation in children with chronic lung diseases, 2) to precise clinical and radiological features of children with SFTPC mutation, and 3) to identify environmental or genetic factors that may explain the extreme variability of this disease.
Exercise training has been shown to reduce breathlessness and improve the exercise tolerance of people with lung disease. However, the effect of exercise training on the walking speed selected by these people during day-to-day life is unknown. Furthermore,the investigator do not know if exercise training changes the maximum speed that these people can walk at for a long period of time. This study will examine the relationship between walking speed and walking endurance before and following exercise training in people with lung disease and contribute importantly to our understanding of how patients choose to walk in relation to their capabilities.
The present study will test the use of very early nasal continuous airway pressure(NCPAP)with and without surfactant in premature infants with clinical evidence or respiratory distress syndrome. We hypothesize that premature infants exposed to very early NCPAP and surfactant will require less mechanical ventilation compared to those premature infants exposed to NCPAP alone.
The purpose of this study is to measure the rate of anti-palivizumab antibodies (also referred to as immune reactivity or immunogenicity) in subjects receiving either the liquid or lyophilized formulation of palivizumab. This study will compare the number and percentage of subjects with anti-palivizumab antibodies receiving either the liquid or lyophilized formulation of palivizumab.